Physics 541
Quantum Mechanics 2

http://faculty.washington.edu/seattle/

Instructor: Larry Sorensen
Email: seattle@uw.edu

Office: B-435 Physics-Astronomy
Office Hours: After class or by appointment
Telephone: 543-0360


All these fifty years of conscious brooding have brought me no nearer to the
answer to the question, "What are photons?" Nowadays every rascal thinks he
knows, but he is mistaken. (Albert Einstein)

Every physicist thinks that he knows what a photon is. I spent my life to find
out what a photon is and I still don't know. (Albert Einstein)

You know, it would be sufficient to really understand the electron. (Albert Einstein)

I have thought a hundred times as much about the quantum problem as I have
about general relativity theory. (Albert Einstein)

On quantum theory I used up more brain grease than on relativity. (Albert Einstein)

I like quoting Einstein. Know why? Because nobody dares contradict you. (Studs Terkel)

The problem of the exact description of vacuum, in my opinion, is the basic problem
now before physics. Really, if you can’t correctly describe the vacuum, how is it
possible to expect a correct description of something more complex? (Paul Dirac)

In modern physics, the classical vacuum of tranquil nothingness has been replaced
by a quantum vacuum with fluctuations of measurable consequence.

A vacuum, classically understood, contains nothing. The quantum vacuum, on the
other hand, is a seething cauldron of nothingness: particle pairs going in and
out of existence continuously and rapidly while exerting influence over an
enormous range of scales.

What is nothingness? It's a philosophical question, to be sure, but in physics
the ground state of the universe can't be described by the absence of all matter
... there must be a 'quantum vacuum'.


Course Description 2012

Our current understanding of the photon, the electron, and the vacuum
Part 1: QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter
Part 2: From path integrals to Feynman diagrams
Part 3: The Photon
Part 4: The Electron
Part 5: The Quantum Vacuum
Part 6: QFT



Lecture Notes 2012

Lecture 1 Introduction
Shuttle Challenger Report
What do you care what other people think?
Surely you're joking Mr. Feynman

Lecture 2 Feynman Chapter 1 Introduction
lecture-2.mp3

Path Integrals Lecture 1
path-integrals-1.mp3

Path Integrals Lecture 2
path-integrals-2.mp3

Path Integrals Lecture 3
path-integrals-3.mp3

Imaginary Time (Euclidean) Path Integrals
A Brief History of Time

Feynman Diagrams Lecture 1
Feynman Diagrams Lecture 2
Beyond Feynman Diagrams
Many Body Feynman Diagrams
Beyond and Many-Body Feynman Diagrams.mp3

A Guide to Feynman Diagrams in the Many-Body Problem
Diagrammar
Diagramatica
Facts and Mysteries

Electroweak Lecture
Yang-Mills Lecture
In Search of Symmetry Lost

QCD Lecture

Group Theory: U(1), SU(2), SU(3)
groups.mp3
Reading about SU(2) and SU(3)
More Reading about Groups
Hughs
Lipkin
Griffiths
Henley

Quantum Field Theory Textbooks
Fetter-Walecka
Gaume
Griffiths
Kaku
Mandl-Shaw
Ryder
Zee



Paper 1: What is QED?

Guidelines for Paper 1

Required Reading
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Preface to the 1985 Edition by Ralph Leighton
Preface to the 2006 Edition by Tony Zee



Paper 2: What is a path integral?

Guidelines for Paper 2

Required reading:
Feynman's PhD thesis (excerpt)
Feynman's publication based on his PhD thesis (excerpt)
Mehra Chapter 6
Mehra Chapter 10
Teaching Feynman's Sum Over Paths Quantum Theory
Feynman's PhD thesis (complete--not required)
Feynman's publication based on his PhD thesis (complete--not required)
Recommended Reading:
Shankar Chapter 8
Shankar Chapter 21
Feynman and Hibbs--especially the Preface and Chapter 1
Feynman and Hibbs Typos
Books and Reviews:
Schulman's Book
Grosche's Book
Grosche's Review Paper
MacKenzie's Review Paper

Additional Reading:
Johnson
Kaku
Klauber
Ryder
Seahra
Siegel
Zee

Edwin Taylor's software
Edwin Taylor's Tutorial Student Workbook
The Bryn Mawr software
Ladislav Svanto's software



Paper 3: What is a Feynman diagram?

Guidelines for Paper 3

Required reading:
Feynman's Nobel Lecture
Feynman Diagrams 0
Feynman Diagrams 1
Feynman Diagrams 2
Feynman Diagrams 3
Feynman Diagrams 4
Mehra Chapter 14
Mehra Chapter 15
Feynman at Cornell (Gleick)

Complete Versions (not required reading)
Gleick complete
Mehra complete
Milonni complete

More about Feynman Diagrams
Feynman Diagrams 5
Feynman Diagrams 6
Feynman Diagrams 7

Feynman's QED Papers
Spacetime Approach to QED
Theory of Positrons
Mathematical Formulation of QED
An Operator Calculus for QED

Virtual Particles
Virtual Particles 1
Virtual Particles 2
Virtual Particles 3
Virtual Particles 4

Experimental QED
How Precise?
Dehmelt 1
Dehmelt 2

Historical QED
Historical 1
Historical 2
Historical 3
Historical 4

The Quantum Vacuum
Quantum Vacuum 1
Quantum Vacuum 2
Quantum Vacuum 3



Beyond Here there be Dragons

Children don't need fairy tales to tell them about dragons.
They already know.
They need fairy tales to tell them there is someone to fight the dragon.







What is a photon?
What is a photon? (extract)
What is a photon? (complete)

What is an electron?
What is an electron?

What is the quantum vacuum?
What is the quantum vacuum?

What is QFT?
What is QFT?


Course Description 2010
The interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.

Part 1: Quantum Electrodynamics, path integrals, Feynman diagrams
Part 2: Semiclassical (E, B, A, V), Second Quantization
Part 3: Fermi's Golden Rules and Applications

Course Description 2010
The interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.

Part 1: Quantum Electrodynamics, path integrals, Feynman diagrams
Part 2: Semiclassical (E, B, A, V), Second Quantization
Part 3: Fermi's Golden Rules and Applications
Prerequisite: Physics 441 or equivalent.
Course Information


Course Assignments 2010

Paper 0: Synopsis of Feynman's little QED book
Paper 1: Quantum Electrodynamics, path integrals, Feynman diagrams
Paper 2: Semiclassical (E, B, A, V), Second Quantization
Paper 3: Fermi's Golden Rules and Applications


Course Reading 2010

For Paper 0: Your Synopsis of Feynman's little QED book
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Prefaces 1985 and 2006
Preface to the 1985 Edition by Ralph Leighton
Preface to the 2006 Edition by Tony Zee
Feynman in New Zealand
New Zealand videos
New Zealand versus the book
Dan Styer
Synoptic Contents
Tricky Points
Reviews
Edmund Taylor
Teaching Feynman's Sum over Paths
Tutorial Software and Student Workbook
More
Feynman's Nobel Prize Lecture
Wiki on Feynman's Little Book
More Wiki on QED and Feynman's Little Book
How Precise?


For Paper 1: Quantum Electrodynamics, path integrals, Feynman diagrams

Feynman's Thesis
Feynman's thesis
Published version of Feynman's thesis

Feynman's QED Papers
Spacetime Approach to QED
Theory of Positrons
Mathematical Formulation of QED
An Operator Calculus for QED

Virtual Particles
Virtual Particles 1
Virtual Particles 2
Virtual Particles 3
Virtual Particles 4
Virtual Particles 5

Feynman Diagrams
Feynman Diagrams 1
Feynman Diagrams 2
Feynman Diagrams 3
Feynman Diagrams 4
Feynman Diagrams 5
Feynman Diagrams 6

The Quantum Vacuum
Quantum Vacuum 1
Quantum Vacuum 2
Quantum Vacuum 3

Experimental QED
Dehmelt 1
Dehmelt 2

Historical
Historical 1
Historical 2
Historical 3
Historical 4


For Paper 2: Spin

NMR for the People
MRI for anyone who has not a degree in physics
Understanding NMR Spectroscopy
Spin Dynamics
Web 1
Web 2
Web 3
Web 4


For Paper 3: Fermi's Golden Rules and Applications

Fourier Transforms
Book Chapter
History 1
History 2
History 3
History 4
History 5
Tutorial 1
Tutorial 2
Tutorial 3
For Experimentalists
For the Family
Many links to explanatory material and to other FFT sites
Tutorials 1, 4, 5, and 6
Online interactive tutorials
Directions for applet based tutorial
The applet
Online textbook
Chapters 10-13
And then there is always wiki land
2d Fourier transforms 1
2d Fourier transforms 2
2d Fourier transforms 3
Just for fun


Fermi's Papers

Fermi's 1934 paper on beta decay

"Any physicist who has not read Fermi's 1934 paper on beta decay should rush out and do so immediately. In my opinion it is the very epitome of what a scientific paper should be. The problem is stated clearly, the solution is presented, and the results compared with experiment. No smooth talk, no pretension, no promise that this is the first of a long series, etc. Just the facts! It should be required reading for every physics student."

Fermi's 1933 paper on QED

"Fermi absorbed quantum electrodynamics by working through many examples and using them in his teaching. In so doing, he assimilated Paul Dirac's original, rather abstract formulation of the theory to his own more concrete way of thinking. His review article is a masterpiece, instructive and refreshing to read even today. It begins,

'Dirac's theory of radiation is based on a very simple idea; instead of considering the atom and the radiation field with which it interacts as two distinct systems, he treats them as a single system whose energy is the sum of three terms: one representing the energy of the atom, a second representing the electromagnetic energy of the radiation field, and a small term representing the coupling energy of the atom and the radiation field.'

and soon continues,

'A very simple example will explain these relations. Let us consider a pendulum which corresponds to the atom, and an oscillating string in the neighborhood of the pendulum which represents the radiation field. . . . To obtain a mechanical representation of this [interaction] term, let us tie the mass of the pendulum to a point A of the string by means of a very thin and elastic thread.'

If a period of the string is equal to the period of the pendulum, there is a resonance and the amplitude of the pendulum becomes considerable after a certain time. This process corresponds to the absorption of radiation by the atom.'

"Everything is done from scratch, starting with harmonic oscillators. Fully elaborated examples of how the formalism reproduces concrete experimental arrangement in space-time, including the Doppler effect and Lippmann fringes, in addition to the "S-matrix"-type scattering processes that dominate modern textbooks."

Fermi's 1938 Nobel Prize Lecture


Neutrinos

Reines' 1995 Nobel Prize Lecture
Davis' 2002 Nobel Prize Lecture
Koshiba's 2002 Nobel Prize Lecture


Lecture Notes 2010

Virtual Book

Course Information 2008

Spin angular momentum, the addition of angular momenta, the variational method, the WKB method, time-independent perturbation theory, and time-dependent perturbation theory. Emphasis on the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter. Prerequisite: Physics 441 or equivalent.
Course Information


Homework Assignments 2008

Exams 2008
Send mail to: seattle@u.washington.edu
Last modified: 6/09/2010 11:24 AM