Born: |
December 24, 1945, Syracuse, NY |
Address: |
Department of Psychology, Box 351525 |
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University of Washington |
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Guthrie Hall, Room 134 |
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Seattle, WA 98195-1525 |
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USA |
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Office phone: |
(206) 543-8874 |
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Cell phone: |
(206) 605-1974 |
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fax: |
(206) 685-3157 |
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email: |
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Web site: |
B.A.: |
Brown University, Experimental Psychology, 1967 |
Ph.D.: |
Stanford University, Experimental Psychology, 1971 (Adviser: Richard C. Atkinson) |
Postdoctoral: |
New York University, 1971-72 (Sponsor: George Sperling) |
University of Washington: Assistant, Associate, Full Professor, 1972-present
Stanford University: Summers, 1972, 1979, Department of Psychology
National Institutes of Health: 1986, National Institute on Aging
MIT, 1995-1996: Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences
University Fellow, Stanford University, 1967-70
NSF fellowship, New York University, 1971-72
Visiting Scholar, Stanford University, 1978 (Fall), 1979, 1980 (Summers)
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National Science Foundation |
$31,000 |
6/73-5/75 |
Eye fixations |
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National Science Foundation |
$43,500 |
6/75-12/77 |
Short-term memory |
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National Science Foundation |
$37,660 |
1/78-5/79 |
Picture memory |
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National Science Foundation |
$101,03 |
6/79-9/82 |
Picture memory |
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UW Grad School Research Fund |
$4,962 |
10/79-6/80 |
Picture memory |
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National Science Foundation |
$167,362 |
10/82-5/86 |
Visual perception |
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NIMH |
$202,096 |
6/86-5/89 |
Visual perception |
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UW Royalty Research Fund |
$24,000 |
3/96-2/97 |
Attention |
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NIMH |
$1,082,187 |
6/89-8/99 |
Visual perception (MERIT award) |
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NIMH |
$650,570 |
9/99-2/05 |
Visual perception |
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Center for Mind, Learning, Behavior |
$75,202 |
3/01-6/02 |
Developmental perception |
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NIMH |
$1,227,220 |
3/05-2/10 |
Visual perception |
American Association for the Advancement of Science (Fellow)
American Psychological Society (Fellow)
Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology
Association of Aviation Psychologists
Psychonomic Society (Publications Board 1997-2001)
Society for Computers in Psychology (President 1983-84)
Society of Experimental Psychologists
NIMH Basic Behavioral Processes Study Section (1983-1987)
NIMH Cognition and Perception Study Section (2003-2007)
Ad hoc reviewer for numerous other granting agencies in the U.S. and elsewhere
Editor: Memory & Cognition (1993-1997)
Associate Editor, Cognitive Psychology (1975-1996; 1999-2006)
JEP: Learning, Memory, and Cognition (1977-1988; 2000-2002)
JEP: General (1977-1990)
Psychological Science (1999-2004)
Psychological Review (2004-present)
Permitted to testify as an expert witness on perception, memory, statistics, and video-game behavior in approximately 225 civil and criminal cases (1980-present).
Superior Courts in: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Indiana, Hawaii, New Jersey, New York, Montana, Oregon, Washington
Federal Courts in: Anchorage, AK; Sacramento, CA; San Francisco, CA; Chicago, IL; Kansas City, MO; Newark, NJ; El Paso, TX; Tacoma WA; Yakima, WA
U.S. Military Court in Sigonella, Italy
Loftus, G.R., & Loftus, E.F. (1976). Human Memory: The Processing of Information. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Loftus, G.R., & Loftus E.F. (1982). Essence of Statistics. Monterey: Brooks-Cole.
Loftus, G.R., & Loftus, E.F. (1983). Mind at Play: The Psychology of Video Games. New York: Basic Books.
Loftus, G.R., & Loftus, E.F. (1987). Essence of Statistics, 2nd Edition. New York: Random House.
Savageau, D. & Loftus, G.R. (1997). Places Rated Almanac. New York: McMillan.
Smith, E.E., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., Fredrickson, B., Bem, D.J., & Loftus, G.R. (2003). Hilgard's Introduction to Psychology, Fourteenth Edition. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Freund, R.D., Loftus, G.R., & Atkinson, R.C. (1969). Applications of multiprocess models for memory to continuous recognition tasks. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 6, 576-594.
Klatzky, R.L., & Loftus, G.R. (1969). Recognition memory as influenced by number of reinforcements and type of test. Psychonomic Science, 16, 302-303.
Loftus, G.R., & Wickens, T.D. (1970). Effect of incentive on storage and retrieval processes. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 85, 141-147.
Rundus, D.J., Loftus, G.R, & Atkinson, R.C. (1970). Immediate free recall and three-week delayed recognition. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 9, 684-688.
Loftus, E.F., Freedman, J.L., & Loftus, G.R. (1970). Retrieval of words from subordinate and superordinate categories in semantic hierarchies. Psychonomic Science, 21, 235-236.
Loftus, G.R. (1971). Comparison of recognition and recall in a continuous memory task. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 91, 220-226.
Loftus, G.R. (1972). Eye fixations and recognition memory for pictures. Cognitive Psychology, 3, 525-551.
Loftus, G.R. (1973). Man as an information processor. Textbook chapter in M.S. Gazzaniga, Fundamentals of Psychology, New York: Academic Press.
Loftus, E.F., & Loftus, G.R. (1974). Changes in memory structure and retrieval over the course of instruction. Journal of Educational Psychology, 66, 315-318. (pdf)
Loftus G.R. (1974). Acquisition of information from rapidly presented verbal and nonverbal stimuli. Memory and Cognition, 2, 545-548.
Loftus, G.R. & Loftus, E.F. (1974). The influence of one memory retrieval on a subsequent retrieval. Memory and Cognition, 2, 467-471.
Loftus, G.R., & Bell, S.M. (1975). Two types of information in picture memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 104, 103-113.
Loftus, G.R., Mathews, P., Bell, S.M., & Poltrock, S. (1975). General software of an on-line eye-movement recording system. Behavior Research Methods and Instrumentation, 7, 201-204.
Loftus, G.R., & Patterson, K.K. (1975). Components of short-term proactive interference. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 14, 105-121.
Dark, V.J., & Loftus, G.R. (1976). The role of rehearsal in long-term memory performance. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 15, 479-490.
Loftus, G.R. (1976). A framework for a theory of picture memory. In J. Senders & R. Monty (Eds.). Eye Movements and Psychological Processes. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Loftus, G.R., & Levy, R.L. (1977). Statistical evaluation of clinical effectiveness: A reply to Bloom & Block. Social Work, 22, 504-506.
Loftus, G.R. (1978). On interpretation of interactions. Memory and Cognition, 6, 312-319.
Loftus, G.R. (1978). Comprehending compass directions. Memory and Cognition, 6, 416-422.
Loftus, G.R. & Mackworth, N.H. (1978). Cognitive determinants of fixation location during picture viewing. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 4, 565-572.
Palmer, J.C., MacLeod, C.M. & Loftus, G.R. (1978) PLE: A high-level programming language for psychology. Behavior Research Methods and Instrumentation, 10, 764-772.
Loftus, G.R. & Kallman, H. (1979). Encoding and use of detail information in picture recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 5, 197-211.
Loftus, G.R., Dark, V.J. & Williams, D. (1979). Short-term memory factors in ground controller/pilot communication. Human Factors, 21, 169-181.
Loftus, G.R. (1979). On-line eye-movement recorders: The good, the bad, and the ugly. Behavior Research Methods and Instrumentation, 11, 188-191.
Loftus, E.F., & Loftus, G.R. (1980). On the permanence of stored information in the human brain. American Psychologist, 35, 409-420. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R. & Loftus, E.F. (1980). Visual perception: The shifting domain of discourse. The Behavioral and Brain Processes, 3, 391-392.
Nelson, W.W. & Loftus, G.R. (1980). The functional visual field during picture viewing. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 7, 369-376.
Loftus, G.R. (1981). Tachistoscopic simulations of eye fixations on pictures. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 7, 369-376.
Loftus, G.R. (1982). Top-down guidance from a bottom-up theory. (Review of Lumsden, C., & Wilson, E.O., Genes, Mind, and Culture.) The Behavioral and Brain Sciences.
Loftus, G.R. (1982). Picture memory: Data and methodology. In C.R. Puff (Ed.) Handbook of Research Methods in Human Memory and Cognition (pp. 257-285). New York: Academic Press.
Loftus, G.R. (1983). Eye fixations on scenes and text. In K. Rayner (Ed.), Eye Movements in Reading: Perceptual and Language Processes (pp. 359-376). New York: Academic Press.
Loftus, G.R. (1983). The continuing persistence of the icon. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 28.
Loftus, G.R., Nelson, W.W. & Kallman, H.J. (1983). Differential acquisition of different kinds of information from pictures. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 35, 187-198.
Loftus, G.R. & Loftus, E.F. (1983). The 25-cent addiction. Science Digest, December, 82-83.
Levy, R.L., & Loftus, G.R. (1984). Compliance and memory. In J.E. Harris (Ed.) Everyday Memory, Actions and Absent-Mindedness (pp. 93-112). New York: Academic Press.
Loftus, E.F., Loftus, G.R., & Hunt, E.B. (1984). Something old, something new, something borrowed, something missing. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 7, 73-74.
Loftus, G.R. & Ginn, M. (1984). Perceptual and conceptual processing of pictures. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 10, 435-441.
Loftus, G.R., Tigre, R.A., & Nelson, W.W. (1984). A computerized slide-projector laboratory. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments and Computers, 16, 447-453.
Loftus, G.R. & Nelson, W. W. (1985). Video games as teaching tools: The computer connection. Computers in Schools.
Loftus, G.R. (1985). Size illusion, distance illusion and terrestrial passage. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 114, 121-123. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R., Johnson, C.A., & Shimamura, A.P. (1985). How much is an icon worth? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 11, 1-13. (pdf)
Loftus, E.F., Schooler, J., Loftus, G.R., & Glauber, D.T. (1985). Memory for events occurring under anesthesia. Acta Psychologica, 59, 123-128.
Loftus, G.R. (1985). Evaluating forgetting curves. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 11, 396-405. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R. (1985). Consistency and confoundings: Reply to Slamecka. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 11, 817-820. (pdf). See original Slamecka commentary here.
Loftus, G.R. (1985). Picture perception: Effects of luminance level on available information and information-extraction rate. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 114, 342-356. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R. (1985). Johannes Kepler's computer simulation of the universe: Some remarks on theory in psychology. Behavior Research Methods, Instrumentation and Computers, 17, 149-156. Reprinted as, Computer simulation: Some remarks on theory in Psychology. In G. Kerens and C. Lewis (eds) Methodological and Quantitative Issues in the Analysis of Psychological Data (Potomac: Lawrence Erlbaum).
Loftus, G.R. (1985). On worthwhile icons: Reply to Di Lollo and Haber. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 11, 384-388. (pdf). See original Di Lollo commentary here. See original Haber commentary here.
Loftus, G.R. (1985). Say it ain't Pittsburgh. Psychology Today, June, pp. 8-10.
Loftus, G.R., Nelson, W.W. & Truax, P.E. (1986). Age-related differences in visual information processing: Quantitative of qualitative? In C. Schooler and W. Schaie (Eds.) Cognitive Functioning and Social Structure over the Life Course. Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
Loftus, G.R. (1986). Information acquisition rate, short-term memory and cognitive equivalence. Reply to Sperling. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 115, 295-29; (pdf). See original Sperling commentary here.
Loftus, E.F., Loftus, G.R., & Messo, J. (1987). Some facts about "weapon focus." Law and Human Behavior, 11, 55-62. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R., Hanna, A., & Lester, L. (1988). Conceptual masking: How one picture steals attention from another picture. Cognitive Psychology, 20, 237-282.
Loftus, G.R., & Hogden, J. (1988). Picture perception: Information extraction and phenomenological appearance. In G.H. Bower (Ed.). The Psychology of Learning and Motivation, Vol. 22 (pp. 139-191). New York: Academic Press.
Loftus, G.R. (1988). A research framework for investigating information acquisition and loss. Canadian Psychology, 29, 379-380.
Stoddard, P.K., & Loftus, G.R. (1988). An IBM XT-compatible, computer-based, slide-projector laboratory. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 20, 541-551.
Loftus, G.R., & Hanna, A.M. (1989). The phenomenology of spatial integration: Data and models. Cognitive Psychology, 21, 363-397.
Reinitz, M.T., Wright, E., & Loftus, G.R. (1989). The effects of semantic priming on visual encoding of pictures. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 118, 280-297. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R. (1989). The joy of secondary sources. Contemporary Psychology, 34, 813-814.
Loftus, G.R. (1989). The rating game. Los Angeles Times Sunday Op-Ed page, Dec. 24 (reprinted in various newspapers around the country).
Loftus, G.R. & Bamber, D. (1990) Weak models, strong models, unidimensional models, and psychological time. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 16, 916-926. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R. (1991). On the tyranny of hypothesis testing in the social sciences. Contemporary Psychology. 36, 102-105. (pdf)
Christianson, S., Loftus, E.F., Loftus, G.R., & Hoffman, H. (1991). Eye fixations and accuracy in detail memory of emotional versus neutral events. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 17, 693-701. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R. (1991). Postdiction of twenty-year-old predictions about the state of computers in psychology (and one or two other matters). Behavior Research Methods, Instrumentation, and Computers. 23, 112-113. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R., Duncan, J. & Gehrig, P. (1992). On the time course of perceptual information that results from a brief visual presentation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 18, 530-549. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R. & Busey, T.A. (1992). Multidimensional models and iconic decay: Reply to Di Lollo and Dixon. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 18, 356-361. (pdf). See original Di Lollo and Dixon commentary here.
Loftus, G.R. , Kaufman, L., Nishimoto, T., & Ruthruff, E. (1992). Why it's annoying to look at slides with the room lights still on: Effects of visual degradation on perceptual processing and long-term visual memory. In K. Rayner (Ed) Eye Movements and Visual Cognition: Scene Perception and Reading. New York: Springer-Verlag (pp. 203-226).
Hanna, A. & Loftus, G.R. (1992) The effect of expectation and available processing time on recognition of sequences of naturalistic scenes. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 30, 251-254.
Loftus, G.R. (1993). Editorial Comment. Memory & Cognition, 21, 1-3. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R. (1993). Computer simulation: Some remarks on theory in Psychology. In G. Kerens & C. Lewis (eds.) Methodological and Quantitative Issues in the Analysis of Psychological Data. Potomac Md: Lawrence Erlbaum (pp. 477-492).
Loftus, G.R. (1993). A picture is worth a thousand p-values: On the irrelevance of hypothesis testing in the computer age. Behavior Research Methods, Instrumentation and Computers, 25, 250-256 . (pdf)
Loftus, G.R., Busey, T.A., & Senders, J.W. (1993). Providing a sensory basis for models of visual information acquisition. Perception & Psychophysics, 54, 535-554. (pdf)
Hanna, A. & Loftus, G.R. (1993). A model for conceptual processing of naturalistic scenes. Canadian Journal of Psychology, 47, 548-569.
Loftus, G.R. & Ruthruff, E.R. (1994). A theory of visual information acquisition and visual memory with special application to intensity-duration tradeoffs. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 20, 33-50. (pdf)
Busey, T.A. & Loftus, G.R. (1994). Sensory and cognitive components of visual information acquisition. Psychological Review, 101, 446-469. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R. & Masson, M.E.J. (1994) Using confidence intervals in within-subjects designs. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 1, 476-490. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R. (1995). Data analysis as insight. Behavior Research Methods, Instrumentation and Computers, 27, 57-59. (pdf)
Massaro, D. & Loftus, G.R. (1996). Sensory storage: Icons and echoes. In E.L. Bjork and R.A. Bjork (eds.) Handbook of Perception and Cognition, Vol. 10. New York: Academic Press, pp. 68-101.
Loftus, G.R. (1996). Psychology will be a much better science when we change the way we analyze data. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 161-171. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R. & McLean, J.E. (1997). Familiar old wine: Great new bottle. American Journal of Psychology, 146-153. (pdf)
Kahana, M. and Loftus, G.R. (1997). Response accuracy and latency in human cognition: Two sides of the same coin? In R. Sternberg (Ed.) The Concept of Cognition, Cambridge: MIT Press.
Busey, T.A. & Loftus, G.R. (1998). Binocular Information acquisition and visual memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 24, 1188-1214. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R. & Irwin, D.E. (1998). On the relations among different measures of visible and informational persistence. Cognitive Psychology, 35, 135-199. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R. & McLean, J.E. (1999). A front end to a theory of picture recognition. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 6, 394-411. (pdf)
Busey, T.A., Tunnicliff, J., Loftus, G.R. & Loftus, E.F. (2000). Accounts of the confidence-accuracy relation in recognition memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 7, 26-48. (pdf)
Harley, E.M., & Loftus, G.R. (2000). MATLAB and graphical user interfaces: Tools for experimental management. Behavior Research Methods Instrumentation & Computers, 32, 290-296. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R. (2002). Analysis, interpretation, and visual presentation of data. Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology, Third Edition, Vol 4. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 339-390. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R. (2003). What do We Know about Facial Cognition? What Should We Do With this Knowledge? Contemporary Psychology, 48, 503-507. (pdf)
Masson, M.E.J. & Loftus, G.R. (2003). Using confidence for graphically based data interpretation. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 57, 203-220. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R. & Harley, E.M. (2004). How different spatial-frequency components contribute to visual information acquisition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 30, 104Ð118. (pdf)
Bernstein, D.M., Atance, C., Loftus, G.R, & Meltzoff, A.N. (2004). We saw it all along: Visual hindsight bias in children and adults. Psychological Science, 15, 264-267. (pdf)
Harley, E.M., Dillon, A.M., & Loftus, G.R. (2004). Why it's difficult to see in the fog: How contrast affects visual perception and visual memory. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 11, 197-231. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R., Oberg, M.A., & Dillon, A.M. (2004). Linear theory, dimensional theory, and the face-inversion effect. Psychological Review, 111, 835-863. (pdf)
Harley, E.M., Carlsen, K.A., & Loftus, G.R. (2004). The "Saw-it-all-along" effect: Demonstrations of visual hindsight bias. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition, 30 , 960-968. (pdf)
Bernstein, D.M., Loftus, G.R., & Meltzoff, A.N. (2004). Object identification in preschool children and adults. Developmental Science, 8. 151-161. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R. & Harley, E.M. (2005). Why is it easier to recognize someone close than far away? Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, in 12, 43-65. (pdf)
Loftus, G.R. (2006). Elizabeth F. Loftus: The early years. In Garry, M., & Hayne, H. (Eds.). Do Justice and Let the Sky Fall: Elizabeth Loftus and her Contributions to science, law, and academic freedom., Hillsdale NJ: Erlbaum.
Bernstein, D.M., Atance, C., Meltzoff, A.N., & Loftus, G.R. (2007). Hindsight bias and developing theories of mind. Child Development, July/August, 78, 1374-1394,.
Busey, T.A. & Loftus, G.R. (2007). Cognitive science and the law: Moving science from the laboratory to the courtroom. Trends in Cognitive Science, 11, 112-117.
University of Oregon
National Academy of Sciences Specialists Meeting, Princeton
University of California, Irvine
University of Wisconsin
Temple University
University of California, Los Angeles
University of Toronto
Simon Fraser University
University of Oregon
Interdisciplinary Conference, Jackson
Advanced Projects Research Agency Conference on C3 Systems, Cambridge
Advanced Projects Research Agency Conference on Cartography, San Francisco
University of California, San Diego
University of Rochester
Simon Fraser University
University of California, Irvine
Center for Advanced Studies in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford
University of Michigan
Swarthmore College
University of California, Berkeley
NASA/Ames, Mountain View
University of Denver
University of Lethbridge
Stanford University
British Psychology Society, Plymouth, England
Craik Society, Cambridge University, Cambridge, England
Copenhagen University, Denmark
Sloan Conference on Reading, Amherst, Mass.
Yale University
University of Utah
Max Planck Institute, Berlin, Germany
NASA/Ames, Mountain View
University of California, Santa Cruz
Max Planck Institute, Berlin, Germany
Stanford University
University of Toronto
Society for Computers in Society (Presidential address)
Arizona Public Defender's Office, Tucson
California State College System, Courseware Conference
Concordia University, Montreal
Hebrew University, Jerusalem
Western Psychological Association
Williams College
U.S. Army Conference on C3 Systems, Fort Walton Beach, Florida
University of Toronto
Institute for Perception, the Netherlands
Leiden University, the Netherlands
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Brown University
Duke University
IBM Research Labs
John Hopkins University
National Institute on Aging
Northwest Courseware Conference
Simon Fraser University
SUNY, Stony Brook
University of Delaware
University of Maryland
Association of Federal Public Defenders
New York University
Society for the Visually Impaired
University of Alberta
Banff Conference on Cognitive Science
University of Illinois
New York University
New York University
Amherst conference on eye movements
Ann Arbor conference on human/machine vision
Boston University
Leiden University, the Netherlands
NRC meeting on vision, Irvine
Stanford University
University of Padua, Italy
NCGIA Conference on Visualization and Spatial Quality, Castine, Maine
Nuclear Regulatory Commission conference on systems for regulatory research, Livermore, California
Child Guidance Center, Tacoma, WA
Western Psychological Association, Portland, OR
Free University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Max Planck Institute, Berlin, Germany
Tucson Public Defender's Office
Spokane WA Public Defender's Office
Harvard University
Smith-Kettlewell Institute, San Francisco
University of California, Santa Barbara
University of California, Santa Cruz
University of Texas, Austin
Washington Defender's Association, Winthrop WA
American Psychological Association
Applied Psychology Unit, Cambridge, England
Boston University
Stanford University
University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Scotland
University of Toronto
American Psychological Society
Boston University
Boston VA Medical Center
Brown University
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Society of Experimental Psychologists
Tufts University
Wellesley College
Brandeis University
Dartmouth College (Kšhler Memorial Lecturer)
Indiana University
Japanese Educational Psychology Society
National Institute of Bioscience and Human Technology (Japan)
Northeastern University
Tsukuba University (Japan)
University of Massachusetts
Waseda University (Japan)
American Psychological Association
Birkbeck College, London, England
Brandeis University
City University, London, England
University of East London, London, England
American Psychological Association
City of Chicago Corporation Counsel's Office
Military Prosecutors Conference, Everett Naval Base, Everett, WA
Princeton University
Seattle Forensic Institute
Cities conference, Rutgers University
Alaska Trial Lawyers Convention, Anchorage, AK
Arizona Trial Lawyers Convention, Long Beach CA
Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA
Society of Counsel Representing Accused Persons (Seattle)
University of Puget Sound
National Science Foundation Conference on Augmented Cognition, Washington DC
Society of Counsel Representing Accused Persons (Kent, WA)
Public Defender's Office, Seattle
Society for the Quantitative Analysis of Behavior, Toronto (Invited Preeminent Tutorial)
Northwest Defenders Association, Seattle
Inns of Court, Puget Sound Chapter, Tacoma WA
Henry Art Gallery, Seattle
University of Victoria
University of Alberta
Washington State Trial Lawyers Association
Honolulu Public Defender's Association
Western Psychological Association
Santa Clara, San Mateo, San Francisco Public Defender Seminar
MIT Invited Symposium on object recognition