Bibliography of Literature Relevant to Our Future Sustainability

IV. Limits and Metrics of Sustainability and Well-Being

Bounce me down to the bibliography citations

What’s Here

This bibliography is concerned with disturbing environmental and social trends, along with the potential to make things better and the risks if we don’t. In this section, the focus is on attempts to characterize and measure our constraints, vulnerabilities, and degree of sustainability. To what extent are our activities, our potential, our growth constrained by limits? What kind of limits? How well understood and defined are these limits or thresholds? What are the consequences for exceeding them? What metrics should we be using to assess how well (or not) our society is doing? Getting a handle on these questions is critical for assessing what our future holds and what we should do to ensure the best possible outcomes.

This section is broken up into the 5 subsections you can see below.

Subsections

A.	Carrying Capacity and Limits to Growth
B.	Carbon, Water, and Ecological Footprint Analyses
C.	Beware the State Change - Planetary Boundaries, Thresholds, and Tipping Points

D.	Assessing the Vulnerability and Risk of Populations
E.	Other Metrics of Sustainability and Well-Being

Citations

A. Carrying Capacity and Limits to Growth (more in Section III)

Ahmed, N (2014). Scientists Vindicate 'Limits to Growth' – Urge Investment in 'Circular Economy'. The Guardian, June 4. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/earth-insight/2014/jun/04/scientists-limits-to-growth-vindicated-investment-transition-circular-economy

Arcanjo, M (2018). Delaying Day Zero: Fighting Back Against Water Insecurity. Climate Institute, April 16. http://climate.org/delaying-day-zero-fighting-back-against-water-insecurity/

Arrow, K., Bolin, B., Costanza, R., Dasgupta, P., Foilce, C., Holling, C. S., Jansson, B., Levin, S., Maler, K., Perrings, C. & Pimentel D. (1995). Economic Growth, Carrying Capacity, and the Environment. Science, 268. https://www.cepal.org/ilpes/noticias/paginas/7/40547/growth_and_the_environment.pdf

Asara, V, Otero, I, Demaria, F and Corbera, E (2015). Socially Sustainable Degrowth as a Social–ecological Transformation: Repoliticizing Sustainability. Sustainability Science, 10. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11625-015-0321-9

Bauerlein, V (2020). This Southern Town Was Growing So Fast, It Passed a Ban on Growth. The Wall Street Journal, Feb. 3. https://www.wsj.com/articles/this-southern-town-was-growing-so-fast-it-passed-a-ban-on-growth-11580738467

BBC Future (2021). Global Resources Stock Check. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20120618-global-resources-stock-check [Very short, presents a compelling graphic of when different resources will run out.]

Bowles, N, Alexander, S and Hadjikakou, M (2019). The Livestock Sector and Planetary Boundaries: A ‘Limits to Growth’ Perspective with Dietary Implications. Ecological Economics, 160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.01.033

Branderhorst, G (2020). Update to Limits to Growth: Comparing the World3 Model with Empirical Data. Master's thesis, Harvard Extension School. https://dash.harvard.edu/handle/1/37364868

Brown, J et al., (2011). Energetic Limits to Economic Growth. Bioscience, 61(1). https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2011.61.1.7

Bryce, E (2018). We’re Getting Taller and Heavier. That’s Not Good News for Food Security or the Planet. Anthropocene, 4. https://www.anthropocenemagazine.org/2018/11/were-getting-taller-and-heavier-thats-not-good-news-for-food-security-or-the-planet/

Butler, C (2017). Limits to Growth, Planetary Boundaries, and Planetary Health. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 25: 59-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2017.08.002

Cabernard, L et al. (2019). Natural Resource Use in the Group of 20: Status, Trends, and Solutions. International Resource Panel, United Nations Environment Programme. https://www.resourcepanel.org/reports/natural-resource-use-group-20

Cafaro, P (2012). No Ecological Sustainability Without Limits to Growth, in Butler, T, Lerch, D and Weuthner, G (eds.), The ENERGY Reader: Overdevelopment and the Delusion of Endless Growth. Post Carbon Institute. http://energy-reality.org/limits-to-growth/

Cairns, J (2004). Allocating Finite Resources on a Finite Planet. Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics, 4: 25-27. http://www.int-res.com/articles/esep/2004/E47.pdf

Campaign for Nature (2019). Why 30%. https://www.campaignfornature.org/why-30-1 [About the initiative to protect 30 percent of the planet by 2030]

Capellan-Perez, I, Mediavilla, M, de Castro, C, Carpintero, O and Miguel, L (2015). More Growth? An Unfeasible Option to Overcome Critical Energy Constraints and Climate Change. Sustainability Science, 10. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11625-015-0299-3

Carneiro Freire, S, Corban, C, Ehrlich, D, Florczyk, A, Kemper, T, Maffenini, L, Melchiorri, M, Pesaresi, M, Schiavina, M and Tommasi, P (2019). Atlas of the Human Planet 2019. Publications Office of the European Union. https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/42c8f707-49bb-11ea-8aa5-01aa75ed71a1/language-en [Presents key human settlements and urbanisation statistics for 239 countries.]

Carrington, D (2020). World’s Consumption of Materials Hits Record 100bn Tonnes a Year. The Guardian, Jan. 22. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/jan/22/worlds-consumption-of-materials-hits-record-100bn-tonnes-a-year

Casella, C (2021). Earth Is Using 173% of The World's Total 'Biocapacity', Scientists Warn. Science Alert, April 27. https://www.sciencealert.com/rising-human-consumption-is-causing-many-nations-to-fall-into-ecological-poverty/amp

Casey, K (2019). Why Climate Change is an Irrelevance, Economic Growth is a Myth and Sustainability is Forty Years Too Late. Global Climate, Nov. 20. http://globalcomment.com/why-climate-change-is-an-irrelevance-economic-growth-is-a-myth-and-sustainability-is-forty-years-too-late/ {Emphasizes overpopulation]

Center for Humans and Nature (2017). How Can We Create A Successful Economy Without Continuous Economic Growth? Questions for a Resilient Future. https://www.humansandnature.org/how-can-we-create-a-successful-economy-without-continuous-economic-growth [A collection of essays responding to this question, along with reader responses]

Chapman, E and Byron, C (2018). The Flexible Application of Carrying Capacity in Ecology. Global Ecology and Conservation, 13. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2351989417301427

Connor, R, Talafre, J, Hasan, E and Abolina, E (2015). Unsustainable Growth, in The United Nations World Water Development Report 2015: Water for a Sustainable World. World Water Assessment Programme, UNESCO. http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0023/002318/231823E.pdf

Daily, G, Ehrlich, A and Ehrlich, P (1994). Optimum Human Population Size. Population and Environment: A Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 15(6). https://dieoff.com/page99.htm

Dawson, J, Jackson, R and Norberg-Hodge, H (eds.) (2010). Gaian Economics: Living Well Within Planetary Limits. Permanent Publications. https://www.academia.edu/3589057/GAIAN_ECONOMICS

Demaria, F, Kallis, G and Bakker, K (2019). Geographies of Degrowth: Nowtopias, Resurgences and the Decolonization of Imaginaries and Places. Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space, 2(3). https://www.academia.edu/40305474/_Geographies_of_degrowth_Nowtopias_resurgences_and_the_decolonization_of_imaginaries_and_places_Environment_and_Planning_E_Nature_and_Space_2019_Introduction_to_the_Special_Issue_By_Federico_Demaria_Giorgos_Kallis_and_Karen_Bakker_Dowload_PDF_for_freer

Derer, P (2018). Population Growth Will Make it Harder to Meet EU Climate Goals, While Stable or Declining Populations Will Help Cut Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the EU. The Overpopulation Project, Nov. 8. https://overpopulation-project.com/population-growth-will-make-it-harder-to-meet-eu-climate-goals-while-stable-or-declining-populations-will-help-cut-greenhouse-gas-emissions-in-the-eu/

Dolak, P (2016). Could an Economic Collapse Be in our Near Future? Counter Punch, April 1. https://www.counterpunch.org/2016/04/01/could-an-economic-collapse-be-in-our-near-future/

Dolter, B and Victor, P (2017). From Growth to Sustainability, in Victor, P and Dolter, B (eds.) Handbook on Growth and Sustainability. Edward Elger Publishing. https://www.elgaronline.com/view/edcoll/9781783473557/9781783473557.00006.xml

Earthstat (2021). http://www.earthstat.org/ [A series of global maps, mostly showing geographic variability in growing food.]

The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) (2021). Natural Capital Accounting. http://teebweb.org/publications/nca/ [Leads to many reports.]

Ehrlich, P and Ehrlich, A (2016). Population, Resources, and the Faith-Based Economy: the Situation in 2016. BioPhysical Economics and Resource Quality, 1(3). https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41247-016-0003-y

Elshkaki, A, Graedel, T, Ciacci, L and Reck, B (2016). Copper Demand, Supply, and Associated Energy Use to 2050. Global Environmental Change, 39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.06.006

Erb, K, Lauk, C, Kastner, T, Mayer, A, Theurl, M and Haberl, H (2016). Exploring the Biophysical Option Space for Feeding the World Without Deforestation. Nature Communications, 7(11382). https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms11382

Faurès, J, Hoogeveen, J and Winpenny, J, Steduto, P and Burke, J (2012). Coping with Water Scarcity: An Action Framework for Agriculture and Food Security. FAO Water Reports 38. http://www.fao.org/3/i3015e/i3015e.pdf

Fischer-Kowalski, M and Steinberger, J (2017). Growth and Sustainability in a Material World: The Self-Reinforcing Cycle of Population, GDP and Resource Use, in Victor, P and Dolter, B (eds.) Handbook on Growth and Sustainability. Edward Elger Publishing. https://www.elgaronline.com/view/edcoll/9781783473557/9781783473557.00026.xml

Geman, B (2021). The Supply Crunch that Could Slow the Climate Fight. Axios, May 5. https://www.axios.com/clean-energy-minerals-supply-crunch-climate-change-47d4e6b6-869e-4243-bfc0-5d0202a277f3.html

Gerten, D et al., (2020). Feeding Ten Billion People is Possible Within Four Terrestrial Planetary Boundaries. Nature Sustainability, 3. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-019-0465-1

Ghosh, I (2021). All the Biomass of Earth, in One Graphic. Visual Capitalist, Aug. 20. https://www.visualcapitalist.com/all-the-biomass-of-earth-in-one-graphic/

Gilding, P (2012). The Earth is Full. TED talk. https://www.ted.com/talks/paul_gilding_the_earth_is_full [Clear and concise]

Gomez-Baggethun, E and Naredo, J (2015). In Search of Lost Time: The Rise and Fall of Limits to Growth in International Sustainability Policy. Sustainability Science, 10. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11625-015-0308-6

Green Growth Knowledge Platform (2021). Consumption. https://www.greengrowthknowledge.org/themes/consumption [Portal to many articles and reports.]

Hall, C and Day, J (2009). Revisiting the Limits to Growth After Peak Oil. American Scientist, 97(3). https://doi.org/10.1511/2009.78.230

Hatcher, B (2019). Carrying Capacity: Our Wickedest Problem. Hermetica.info. https://www.hermetica.info/CarryingCapacity.html [Online book]

Hawking, S (2016). This is the Most Dangerous Time for our Planet. The Guardian, Dec. 1. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/dec/01/stephen-hawking-dangerous-time-planet-inequality

Heinberg, R (2010). Beyond the Limits to Growth in Heinberg R and Lerch, D (eds.) The Post Carbon Reader: Managing the 21st Century’s Sustainability Crises. Watershed Media. https://www.scribd.com/doc/63670022/FOUNDATION-CONCEPTS-Beyond-the-Limits-to-Growth-by-Richard-Heinberg

Heinberg, R (2017). Systemic Change Driven by Moral Awakening Is Our Only Hope. EcoWatch, Aug. 14. https://www.ecowatch.com/climate-change-heinberg-2471869927.html

Heinberg, R (2017). There’s No App for That: Technology and Morality in the Age of Climate Change, Overpopulation, and Biodiversity Loss. Post Carbon Institute, Aug. 8. https://www.postcarbon.org/publications/theres-no-app-for-that/ [A book available online for free.]

Heinberg, R (2018). Ted Nordhaus Is Wrong: We Are Exceeding Earth’s Carrying Capacity. UnDark, July 26. https://undark.org/article/ted-nordhaus-carrying-capacity-ecology/

Heinberg, R (2022). The Limits to Growth at 50: From Scenarios to Unfolding Reality. Resilience, Feb. 24. https://www.resilience.org/stories/2022-02-24/the-limits-to-growth-at-50-from-scenarios-to-unfolding-reality/

Herrington, G (2020). Update to Limits to Growth: Comparing the Wolrd3 Model with Empirical Data. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 2020. https://advisory.kpmg.us/content/dam/advisory/en/pdfs/2021/yale-publication.pdf

Hickel, J (2019). The Contradiction of the Sustainable Development Goals: Growth Versus Ecology on a Finite Planet. Sustainable Development, 27(5). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332422285_The_contradiction_of_the_sustainable_development_goals_Growth_versus_ecology_on_a_finite_planet

Hickel, J, O’Neill, D, Fanning, A and Zoomkawala, H (2022). National Responsibility for Ecological Breakdown: A Fair-shares Assessment of Resource Use, 1970–2017. The Lancet Planetary Health, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00044-4

Hopfenberg, R (2003). Human Carrying Capacity Is Determined by Food Availability. Population and Environment, 25. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/B:POEN.0000015560.69479.c1

HowGood (2022). The World’s Largest Sustainability Database. https://howgood.com/

Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (2019). Summary for Policymakers of the Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. IPBES Secretariat. https://ipbes.net/global-assessment

International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (2000). Summary. https://webarchive.iiasa.ac.at/Research/LUC/GAEZ/index.htm [“An inventory of land resources and evaluation of biophysical limitations and potentials.”]

International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (2015). Great Acceleration. http://www.igbp.net/globalchange/greatacceleration.4.1b8ae20512db692f2a680001630.html [A series of graphs showing accelerating human driven changes on the planet. With downloadable data and PowerPoint slides.]

International Resource Panel (2018). Resource Efficiency for Sustainable Development. United Nations Environment Programme. https://www.resourcepanel.org/reports/resource-efficiency-sustainable-development

International Resource Panel (2019). Global Resources Outlook. United Nations Environment Programme. https://www.resourcepanel.org/reports/global-resources-outlook

Jackson, T (2009). Prosperity Without Growth: The Transition to a Sustainable Economy. Sustainable Development Commission. http://www.sd-commission.org.uk/data/files/publications/prosperity_without_growth_report.pdf

Jackson, T (2017). Beyond Consumer Capitalism - Foundations for a Sustainable Prosperity, CUSP Working Paper No 2. Guildford: University of Surrey. https://www.cusp.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/WP02-TJ-2016-Beyond-consumer-capitalism.pdf

Jackson, T and Webster, R (2016). Limits Revisited: A Review of the Limits to Growth Debate. The All-Party Parliamentary Group on Limits to Growth. https://limits2growth.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/Jackson-and-Webster-2016-Limits-Revisited.pdf

James, I, Elfers, S and Reilly, S (2015). Pumped Dry: The Global Crisis of Groundwater. USA Today. https://www.usatoday.com/pages/interactives/groundwater/ [cool and interactive]

Jones, C (2019). The Delusion and Danger of Infinite Economic Growth. The New Republic, Oct. 1. https://newrepublic.com/article/155214/delusion-danger-infinite-economic-growth [Historical overview of how economists discounted the natural world and came to champion economic growth.]

Jones, J (2022). M.I.T. Computer Program Predicts in 1973 That Civilization Will End by 2040. Open Culture, March 8. https://www.openculture.com/2022/03/m-i-t-computer-program-predicts-in-1973-that-civilization-will-end-by-2040.html

Kallis, G (2019). Defending Degrowth not Malthusian. Resilience, Nov. 26. https://www.resilience.org/stories/2019-11-26/defending-degrowth-is-not-malthusian/ [Environmentalists like us are not warning of limits. We want limits…]

Kallis, G, Kostakis, V, Lange, S, Muraca, B, Paulson, S and Schmelzer, M (2018). Research on Degrowth. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 43. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-102017-025941

Kayal, M, Lewis, H, Ballard, J, and Kayal, E (2019). Humanity and the 21st Century’s Resource Gauntlet: A Commentary on Ripple et al.’s Article “World Scientists’ Warning to Humanity: a Second Notice. Rethinking Ecology, 4. https://rethinkingecology.pensoft.net/article/32116/

Kopnina, H (2016). Half the Earth for People (or More)? Addressing Ethical Questions in Conservation. Biological Conservation, 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2016.09.019

Krulwich, R (2013). What Happened On Easter Island — A New (Even Scarier) Scenario. NPR, Dec. 10. https://www.npr.org/sections/krulwich/2013/12/09/249728994/what-happened-on-easter-island-a-new-even-scarier-scenario

Leonard, A, Fox, L and Sachs, J (2007). The Story of Stuff. Free Range Studios. https://storyofstuff.org/movies/story-of-stuff/ [Classic video]

Lidicker, W (2020). A Scientist’s Warning to Humanity on Human Population Growth. Global Ecology and Conservation, 24. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2351989420307733

Liu, J, Yang, H, Gosling, S, Kummu, M, Florke, M, Pfister, S, Hanasaki, N, Wada, Y, Zhang, X, Zeng, C, Alcomo, J and Oki, T (2017). Water Scarcity Assessments in the Past, Present, and Future. Earth’s Future, 5(6). https://doi.org/10.1002/2016EF000518

Mace, G (2012). The Limits to Sustainability Science: Ecological Constraints or Endless Innovation? PLoS Biology, 10(6): https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1001343

McChrystal, K (2018). Limits to Growth. Summary of Current Literature. The Sustainable Living Institute. http://sustainablelivinginstitute.org/uploads/3/4/9/8/34985492/limits_to_growth_literature_summary.pdf [Like an annotated bibliography that emphasizes the worst analyses.]

Mind Matters News (2020). Business Prof: Stop It! The World is Not Running Out of Stuff! https://mindmatters.ai/2020/08/business-prof-stop-it-the-world-is-not-running-out-of-stuff/ [Mainstream economics perspective where everything is reduced to cost of commodities relative to incomes without taking into account any externalities or increasing inequities in the distribution of incomes.]

Monbiot, G (2015). Consume More, Conserve More: Sorry, But We Just Can’t Do Both. The Guardian, Nov. 24. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/nov/24/consume-conserve-economic-growth-sustainability

Moore, J and Rees, W (2013). Getting to One-Planet Living, in State of the World 2013. The Worldwatch Institute. http://library.uniteddiversity.coop/More_Books_and_Reports/State_of_the_World/State_of_the_World_2013-Is_Sustainability_Still_Possible.pdf

Motesharrei, S, Rivas, J and Kalnay, E (2014). Human and Nature Dynamics (HANDY): Modeling Inequality and Use of Resources in the Collapse or Sustainability of Societies. Ecological Economics, 101: 90-102. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921800914000615?via%3Dihub

Murphy, T (2021). Energy and Human Ambitions on a Finite Planet. Open Educational Resources, University of California San Diego. https://doi.org/10.21221/S2978-0-578-86717-5

Murphy, T, Murphy, D, Love, T, LeHew, M and McCall, B (2021). Modernity is Incompatible with Planetary Limits: Developing a PLAN for the Future. Energy Research & Social Science, 81. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214629621003327?mc_cid=3b3a6fc7ee&mc_eid=0bca9c3843

Nagourney, A, Healy, J, Schwartz, N (2015). California Drought Tests History of Endless Growth. New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/05/us/california-drought-tests-history-of-endless-growth.html

National Public Radio (2013). Kansas Farmers Commit To Taking Less Water From The Ground. http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2013/10/22/230702453/in-kansas-farmers-commit-to-take-less-water-from-the-ground

National Resource Defense Council (2010). Water Facts - Climate Change, Water, and Risk: Current Water Demands Are Not Sustainable. http://www.nrdc.org/globalWarming/watersustainability/files/WaterRisk.pdf

The Next System Project (2019). The Index of Systemic Trends. https://thenextsystem.org/learn/stories/index-systemic-trends

Nordhaus, T (2018). The Earth’s Carrying Capacity for Human Life is Not Fixed. AEON. https://aeon.co/ideas/the-earths-carrying-capacity-for-human-life-is-not-fixed

Neuman, S (2021). Nations With 85% of Earth's Forests Pledge to Reverse Deforestation. NPR, Nov. 2. https://www.npr.org/2021/11/02/1051390697/deforestation-forest-deal-cop25-amazon-brazil

Oki, T and Kanae, S (2015). Global Hydrological Cycles and World Water Resources. Science, 313: 1068-1072. http://climate.envsci.rutgers.edu/pdf/OkiKanaeGlobalHydrology1068.pdf

O’Neil, D (2018). Is it Possible for Everyone to Live a Good Life Within Our Planet’s Limits? The Conversation, Feb. 7. https://theconversation.com/is-it-possible-for-everyone-to-live-a-good-life-within-our-planets-limits-91421

The Overpopulation Project (2019). https://overpopulation-project.com/scientific-articles-papers/ [Links to many resources]

Parker, B (2017). Climate Change Observations. Climate Change Data Center, Aug. 23. http://ccdatacenter.org/documents/ClimateChangeObservations.pdf [A 15 point, well-cited breakdown of why “we are likely on a path for an eventual temperature increase of at least 4°C.”]

Paulson, S (2017). Degrowth: Culture, Power and Change. Journal of Political Ecology, 24. https://journals.uair.arizona.edu/index.php/JPE/article/view/20882

Pengra, B (2012). One Planet, How Many People? A Review of Earth’s Carrying Capacity. UNEP Global Environmental Alert Service. https://na.unep.net/geas/archive/pdfs/geas_jun_12_carrying_capacity.pdf

Peters, C Picardy, J, Darrouzet-Nardi, A, Wilkins, J, Griffin, T and Fick G (2016). Carrying Capacity of U.S. Agricultural Land: Ten Diet Scenarios. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 4. https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000116

Pimentel, D, Whitecraft, M, Scott, Z, Zhao, L, Satkiewicz, P, Scott, T, Phillips, J, Szimak, D, Singh, G, Gonzalez, D and Moe, T (2010). Will Limited Land, Water, and Energy Control Human Population Numbers in the Future? Human Ecology, 38(5). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225689329_Will_Limited_Land_Water_and_Energy_Control_Human_Population_Numbers_in_the_Future

Pingali, P (2012). Green Revolution: Impacts, Limits, and the Path Ahead. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(31). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0912953109

Pirgmaier, E and Hinterberger, F (2011). What Kind of Growth is Sustainable? A Presentation of Arguments. Sustainable Europe Research Institute. https://www.academia.edu/12141419/What_kind_of_growth_is_sustainable_A_presentation_of_arguments

Prins, A and Kok, M (2011). Global Environmental Perspectives on Scarcity within the Water – Energy – Land Nexus. Background paper to the European Report on Development 2011/2012: Confronting Scarcity: Managing Water, Energy and Land for Inclusive and Sustainable Growth. https://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/erd-background-paper-global-environmental-perspectives-scarcity-water-energy-land-nexus_en

Read, D and LeBlanc, S (2003). Population Growth, Carrying Capacity, and Conflict. Current Anthropology, 44(1). https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/344616

Richard, G (2002). Human Carrying Capacity of Earth. Institute for Life Cycle Assessment. pdf

Rios, I (2018). What Factors Determine the Carrying Capacity of an Ecosystem? Population Education, Nov. 20. https://populationeducation.org/what-factors-determine-the-carrying-capacity-of-an-ecosystem/

Ritchie, H (2017). How Long Before We Run Out of Fossil Fuels? Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/how-long-before-we-run-out-of-fossil-fuels

Rodell, M, Famiglietti, J, Wiese, D, Reager, J, Beaudoing, H, Landerer, F and Lo, M (2018). Emerging Trends in Global Freshwater Availability. Nature, 557. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-018-0123-1

Rosen, J (2021). Humanity is Flushing Away One of Life’s Essential Elements: We Broke Phosphorus. The Atlantic, Feb. 8. https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2021/02/phosphorus-pollution-fertilizer/617937/

Salimath, M and Chandna, V (2018). Sustainable Consumption and Growth: Examining Complementary Perspectives. Management Decision, 59(6). https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/MD-12-2016-0934/full/html

Schlosser, C, Strzepek, K, Gao, X, Fant, C, Blanc, E, Paltsev, S, Jacoby, H, Reilly, J and Gueneau, A (2014). The Future of Global Water Stress: An Integrated Assessment. Earth’s Future, 2(8). https://doi.org/10.1002/2014EF000238

Sekulova, F, Kallis, G and Scneider, F (2017). Climate Change, Happiness and Income from a Degrowth Perspective, in Victor, P and Dolter, B (eds.) Handbook on Growth and Sustainability. Edward Elger Publishing. https://econpapers.repec.org/bookchap/elgeebook/15720.htm or https://www.academia.edu/34567679/Climate_change_happiness_and_income_from_a_degrowth_perspective

Sengupta, S and Cai, W (2019). A Quarter of Humanity Faces Looming Water Crises. New York Times, Aug. 6. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/08/06/climate/world-water-stress.html [good graphics]

Steward, DR, Bruss, PJ, Yang, X, Staggenborg, SA, Welch, SM, and Apley, MD (2013). Tapping Unsustainable Groundwater Stores for Agricultural Production in the High Plains Aquifer of Kansas, Projections to 2110. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(37): E3477-E3486. http://www.pnas.org/content/110/37/E3477.full.pdf

Suter, K (1999). Fair Warning? The Club of Rome Revisited. Australian Broadcasting Company. https://www.abc.net.au/science/slab/rome/default.htm

Suweis, S, Rinaldo, A, Maritan, A and D’Odorico, P (2013a). Water-controlled Wealth of Nations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110(11). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1222452110

Suweis, S, Rinaldo, A, Maritan, A and D’Odorico, P (2013b). Using Water Footprints to Estimate Nations’ Carrying Capacities and Demographic Sustainability. Global Water Forum, April 9. https://globalwaterforum.org/2013/04/09/using-water-footprints-to-estimate-nations-carrying-capacities-and-demographic-sustainability-2/ [Short summary of their PNAS paper.]

Tangermann, V (2020). Researchers Say Earth Is Headed for “Jaw-Dropping” Population Decline. Futurism, July, 15. https://futurism.com/global-birth-rates-falling-precipitiously

Thaler, E, Larsen, I and Yu, Q (2021). The Extent of Soil Loss Across the US Corn Belt. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(8). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1922375118

Timmerman, P (2017). Growth, Development and Learning to Live in a Finite World, in Victor, P and Dolter, B (eds.) Handbook on Growth and Sustainability. Edward Elger Publishing. https://www.elgaronline.com/view/edcoll/9781783473557/9781783473557.00008.xml

Tuninetti, M, Tamea, S, and Dalin C (2019). Water Debt Indicator Reveals Where Agricultural Water Use Exceeds Sustainable Levels. Water Resources Research, 55(3). https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2018WR023146

Turner, G (2014). Is Global Collapse Imminent? An Updated Comparison of the Limits to Growth with Historical Data. Melbourne Sustainable Society Institute. Research Paper No. 4. https://sustainable.unimelb.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/2763500/MSSI-ResearchPaper-4_Turner_2014.pdf

US Geological Survey (2014). Groundwater Depletion. http://water.usgs.gov/edu/gwdepletion.html

Venditti, B (2021). Visualizing the Accumulation of Human-Made Mass on Earth. Visual Capitalist, Nov. 29. https://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-the-accumulation-of-human-made-mass-on-earth/

Vorosmarty, C, McIntyre, P, Gessner, M, Dudgeon, D, Prusevich, A, Green, P, Glidden, S, Bunn, S, Sullivan, C, Reidy, C, Liermann, C, and Davies, P (2010). Global Threats to Human Water Security and River Biodiversity. Nature, 467: 555-561. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v467/n7315/full/nature09440.html

Wackernagel, M, Hanscom, L, Jayasinghe, P, Lin, D, Murthy, A, Neill, E and Raven, P (2021). The Importance of Resource Security for Poverty Eradication. Nature Sustainability, 2021. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-021-00708-4

Washington, H, Lowe, I and Kopnina, H (2020). Why Do Society and Academia Ignore the ‘Scientists Warning to Humanity’ on Population? Journal of Futures Studies, 25(1). https://jfsdigital.org/why-do-society-and-academia-ignore-the-scientists-warning-to-humanity-on-population/ [Wrestles with carrying capacity of humans.]

Washington, H and Kopnina, H (2018). The Insanity of Endless Growth. The Ecological Citizen, 2(1). https://www.ecologicalcitizen.net/pdfs/v02n1-10.pdf

Weidmann, T, Lenzen, M, KeyBer, L and Steinberg, J (2020). Scientists’ Warning on Affluence. Nature Communications, 11(3107). https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-16941-y

The World Counts (2022a). Planet Earth. https://www.theworldcounts.com/challenges/planet-earth [Shows continuous changes in values of several metrics.]

The World Counts (2022b). Climate Change. https://www.theworldcounts.com/challenges/climate-change [Shows continuous changes in values of several metrics.]

The World Counts (2022c). Toxic Exposures. https://www.theworldcounts.com/challenges/toxic-exposures [Shows continuous changes in values of several metrics.]

The World Counts (2022d). Number of Consumers. https://www.theworldcounts.com/challenges/planet-earth/state-of-the-planet/number-of-consumers/story

The World Counts (2022e). Extinction of Species. https://www.theworldcounts.com/challenges/extinction [Shows continuous changes in values of several metrics.]

B. Carbon, Water, and Ecological Footprint Analyses

Aldaya, MM and Hoekstra, AY (2010). The Water Needed for Italians to Eat Pasta and Pizza. Agricultural Systems, 103: 351–360. http://www.waterfootprint.org/Reports/Report36-WaterFootprint-Pasta-Pizza.pdf [Students really respond to this article.]

Alexander, S and Rutherford, J (2019). A Critique of Techno-optimism: Efficiency Without Sufficiency is Lost, in Routledge Handbook of Global Sustainability Governance. Routledge. http://samuelalexander.info/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/A-Critique-of-Techno-Optimism-Samuel-Alexander.pdf

Aronoff, K (2018). Your Carbon Footprint Doesn’t Matter (Unless You’re Michael Bloomberg). In These Times, Jan. 30. https://inthesetimes.com/article/up-for-debate-does-your-carbon-footprint-matter

Asici, A and Acar, S (2016). Does Income Growth Relocate Ecological Footprint? Ecological Indicators, 61(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.10.022

Beitsch, R (2020). USDA Hopes to Cut Farms' Environmental Footprint in Half by 2050. The Hill, Feb. 20. https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/483822-usda-hopes-to-cut-farms-environmental-footprint-in-half-by-2050

Belcher, O, Bigger, P, Niemark, B and Kennelly, C (2020). Hidden Carbon Costs of the “Everywhere War”: Logistics, Geopolitical Ecology, and the Carbon Boot-print of the US Military. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 45(1). https://doi.org/10.1111/tran.12319

Bellamy, D (2020). Humans Have Now Consumed the Earth's Natural Resources for the Year. Euronews, Aug. 22. https://www.euronews.com/2020/08/22/humans-have-now-consumed-the-earth-s-natural-resources-for-the-year

Birney, C, Franklin, K, Davidson, T and Webber, M (2017). An Assessment of Individual Foodprints Attributed to Diets and Food Waste in the United States. Environmental Research Letters, 12. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8494

Bottollier-Depois, A (2021). Carbon Pawprint: Is Man's Best Friend the Planet's Enemy? Phys.org, March 20. https://phys.org/news/2021-03-carbon-pawprint-friend-planet-enemy.amp

Bradshaw, C, Giam, X and Sodhi, N (2010). Evaluating the Relative Environmental Impact of Countries. PLoS ONE, 5(5). https://10.1371/journal.pone.0010440

Brauman, K, Richter, B, Postel, S, Malsy, M and Florke, M (2016). Water Depletion: An Improved Metric for Incorporating Seasonal and Dry-year Water Scarcity into Water Risk Assessments. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 4. https://doi.org/10.12952/journal.elementa.000083

Breu, T, Lannen, A and Tejada, L (2016). Shifting Water Demands Onto the Vulnerable? Water Impacts of Agricultural Trade and Investment. CDE Policy Brief 10. https://issuu.com/cde.unibe.ch/docs/10_cde_pb_water_trade_invest_en [Examines virtual water trade and water footprints.]

Bringezu, S (2015). Possible Target Corridor for Sustainable Use of Global Material Resources. Resources, 4. https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/4/1/25

Brown, A and Matlock, M (2011). A Review of Water Scarcity Indices and Methodologies. The Sustainability Consortium, White Paper 106. https://sustainabilityconsortium.org/download/a-review-of-water-scarcity-indices-and-methodologies/

C2ES – Center for Climate and Energy Solutions (2021). Climate Solutions: Reducing Your Carbon Footprint. https://www.c2es.org/category/climate-solutions/reducing-your-carbon-footprint/ [Collection of relevant articles.]

Carr, J, D’Odorico, P, Laio, F, and Ridolfi, L (2013). Recent History and Geography of Virtual Water Trade. PLoS ONE, 8(2): e55825. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0055825

Cascio, J (2007). The Cheeseburger Footprint. Open the Future. http://openthefuture.com/cheeseburger_CF.html + Six Degrees (2009). Cheeseburger Footprint video

Center for Sustainable Systems (2021a). Food Footprints. University of Michigan. https://css.umich.edu/factsheets/food-footprints [Web page including several footprint analyses for specific foods.]

Center for Sustainable Systems (2021b). Carbon Footprint Factsheet. University of Michigan. https://css.umich.edu/factsheets/carbon-footprint-factsheet [For the U.S.]

Chapagain, AG and Hoekstra, AY (2008). The Global Component of Freshwater Demand and Supply: An Assessment of Virtual Water Flows Between Nations as a Result of Trade in Agricultural and Industrial Products. Water International, 33(1): 19–32. http://www.waterfootprint.org/Reports/ChapagainHoekstra-2008-GlobalVirtualWaterFlows.pdf

Chapagain, AK, Hoekstra, AY and Mekonnen, M (2007). Your Water Footprint - Extended Calculator. University of Twente. http://waterfootprint.org/en/resources/interactive-tools/personal-water-footprint-calculator/personal-calculator-extended/

Chapagain, AG, Hoekstra, AY and Savenije, HHG (2006). Water Saving Through International Trade in Agricultural Products. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 10: 455–468. http://www.waterfootprint.org/Reports/Chapagain_et_al_2006.pdf

Chapman, M, LaValle, A, Furey, G and Chan, K (2017). Sustainability Beyond City Limits: Can “Greener” Beef Lighten a City’s Ecological Footprint? Sustainability Science, 12. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11625-017-0423-7

Clothier, B (2010). Green, Blue and Grey Waters: Minimising the Footprint Using Soil Physics. 19th World Congress of Soil Science, Soil Solutions for a Changing World. https://www.iuss.org/19th%20WCSS/Symposium/pdf/0983.pdf

The Conscious Club (2019). The Ecological Footprint Bible. https://www.theconsciouschallenge.org/ecologicalfootprintbible

Covey, K et al., (2021). Carbon and Beyond: The Biogeochemistry of Climate in a Rapidly Changing Amazon. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2021.618401

Cranston, G and Hammond, G (2012). Carbon Footprints in a Bipolar, Climate-constrained World. Ecological Indicators, 16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.03.011

Damkjaer, S and Taylor, R (2016). The Measurement of Water Scarcity: Defining a Meaningful Indicator. Ambio, 46. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs13280-017-0912-z

Deshmukh, A (2021). Visualizing Global Per Capita CO2 Emissions. Visual Capitalist, Dec. 1. https://www.visualcapitalist.com/visualizing-global-per-capita-co2-emissions/

Destek, M and Sarkodie, S (2019). Investigation of Environmental Kuznets Curve for Ecological Footprint: The Role of Energy and Financial Development. Science of The Total Environment, 650(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.017

Devineni, N, Lall, U, Etienne, E, Shi, D and Xi, C (2015). America’s Water Risk: Current Demand and Climate Variability. Geophysical Research Letters, 42. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL063487

Dickin, S (2013). Refining the Water Footprint Concept to Account for Non-renewable Water Resources. Global Water Forum, Jan. 20. https://globalwaterforum.org/2013/01/20/refining-the-water-footprint-concept-to-account-for-non-renewable-water-resources/ [Taking into account groundwater drawdown. Short.]

Dimitropoulos, S (2020). Rethinking the Concept of Virtual Water in the Global Trade Market. Eos, Dec. 17. https://eos.org/articles/rethinking-the-concept-of-virtual-water-in-the-global-trade-market

Ewing, B, Reed, A, Galli, A, Kitzes, J and M. Wackernagel. 2010. Calculation Methodology for the National Footprint Accounts, 2010 Edition. Oakland: Global Footprint Network. https://www.footprintnetwork.org/content/images/uploads/National_Footprint_Accounts_Method_Paper_2010.pdf

Fanning, A, O’Neill, D, Hickel, J and Roux, N (2021). The Social Shortfall and Ecological Overshoot of Nations. Nature Sustainability, . https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-021-00799-zc

Flachsbarth, I, Willaarts, B, Xie, H, Pitois, G, Mueller, N, Ringler, C, Garrido, A (2015). The Role of Latin America’s Land and Water Resources for Global Food Security: Environmental Trade-Offs of Future Food Production Pathways. PLoS One, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116733

Forouzani, M and Karami, E (2011). Agricultural Water Poverty Index and Sustainability. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 31(2). https://link.springer.com/article/10.1051%2Fagro%2F2010026

Freshwater Health Index (2020). http://www.freshwaterhealthindex.org/

Gain, A, Giupponi, C and Wada, Y (2016). Measuring Global Water Security Towards Sustainable Development Goals. Environmental Research Letters, 11. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/11/12/124015

Galli, A, Weidmann, T, Ercin, E, Knoblauch, D, Ewing, B and Giljum, S (2012). Integrating Ecological, Carbon and Water Footprint Into a “Footprint Family” of Indicators: Definition and Role in Tracking Human Pressure on the Planet. Ecological Indicators, 16. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X11001889

Gleeson, T, Wada, Y, Bierkens, M, and van Beek, L (2012). Water Balance of Global Aquifers Revealed by Groundwater Footprint. Nature, 488. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11295

Global Footprint Network (2019). Footprint Calculator. http://www.footprintnetwork.org/en/index.php/GFN/page/calculators/

Goldstein, A, Noon, M, Ledezma, J, Roehrdanz, P, Raghav, S, McGreevey, M, Stone, C, Shrestha, S, Golden Kroner, R, Hole, D and Turner, W (2021). Irrecoverable Carbon: The Places We Can’t Afford to Lose. Conservation International. https://www.conservation.org/projects/irrecoverable-carbon

Goodall, C (2017). How to Reduce your Carbon Footprint. The Guardian, Jan. 19. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/jan/19/how-to-reduce-carbon-footprint

Harris, L (2021). A Guide to Your Digital Carbon Footprint – and How to Lower It. EcoWatch, Nov. 26. https://www.ecowatch.com/digital-carbon-footprint-2655797250.html

Harris, N et al., (2021). Global Maps of Twenty-first Century Forest Carbon Fluxes. Nature Climate Change, 11. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-020-00976-6

Hoekstra, AY (2012). The Hidden Water Resource Use Behind Meat and Dairy. Animal Frontiers, 2(2): 3-8. http://www.waterfootprint.org/Reports/Hoekstra-2012-Water-Meat-Dairy.pdf

Hoekstra, AY and Chapagain, AK (2007). Water Footprint of Nations: Water Use by People as a Function of their Consumption Pattern. Water Resource Management, 21: 35-48. http://www.waterfootprint.org/Reports/Hoekstra_and_Chapagain_2006.pdf

Hoekstra, A, Mekonnen, M, Chapagain, A, Mathews, R, and Richter, B (2012). Global Monthly Water Scarcity: Blue Water Footprints Versus Blue Water Availability. PLoS One, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032688

HowGood (2022). The World’s Largest Sustainability Database. https://howgood.com/

International Resource Panel (2019). Global Resources Outlook. United Nations Environment Programme. https://www.resourcepanel.org/reports/global-resources-outlook

Ivanova, I (2020). Global Rich Must Cut their Carbon Footprint 97% to Stave Off Climate Change, UN Says. CBS News, Dec. 16. https://www.cbsnews.com/amp/news/carbon-footprint-wealthy-people-97-percent-cut-un/

Jung, M et al., (2021). Areas of Global Importance for Conserving Terrestrial Biodiversity, Carbon and Water. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 5. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-021-01528-7

Kelly, R, Burns, S and Wackernagel, M (2015). State of the States: A New Perspective on the Wealth of Our Nation. Global Footprint Network. https://www.footprintnetwork.org/content/images/article_uploads/USAFootprintReport_final_lores.pdf [An impressive slide show]

Khan, S and Hanjra, M (2009). Footprints of Water and Energy Inputs in Food Production – Global Perspectives. Food Policy, 34(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2008.09.001

Khanna, P (2016). We Should Be Measuring the Footprint of Supply Chains, Not Nations. Anthropocene, 1. https://www.anthropocenemagazine.org/2016/10/we-should-be-measuring-the-footprint-of-supply-chains/ [Very short, but an important insight/consideration.]

Liu, J, Mooney, J, Hull, B, Davis, S, Gaskell, J, Hertel, T, Lubchenco, J, Seto, K, Gleick, P, Kremen, C and Li, S (2015). Systems Integration for Global Sustainability. Science, 347(6225). https://science.sciencemag.org/content/347/6225/1258832

Liu, Z et al., (2019). Can Virtual Water Trade Save Water Resources? Water Research, 163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.07.015

MacMillan, A and Drew, J (2020). Climate Explained: How the Climate Impact of Beef Compares with Plant-based Alternatives. The Conversation, May 5. https://theconversation.com/climate-explained-how-the-climate-impact-of-beef-compares-with-plant-based-alternatives-137787

Manning, A (2021). Insatiable Demand for Cannabis has Created a Giant Carbon Footprint. Colorado State University. https://engr.source.colostate.edu/insatiable-demand-for-cannabis-has-created-a-giant-carbon-footprint/

Masud, M, Wada, Y, Gross, G, and Faramarzi, M (2019). Global Implications of Regional Grain Production Through Virtual Water Trade. Science of the Total Environment, 659. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.392

McGowan, P (2016). Mapping the Terrestrial Human Footprint. Nature, 537. https://www.nature.com/articles/537172a

Mekonnen, M (2012). The Water Footprint of Humanity. Global Water Forum, April 16. https://globalwaterforum.org/2012/04/16/the-water-footprint-of-humanity/ [A short overview.]

Meyer, K and Newman, P (2018). The Planetary Accounting Framework: A Novel, Quota-based Approach to Understanding the Impacts of Any Scale of Human Activity in the Context of the Planetary Boundaries. Sustainable Earth, 1(4). https://sustainableearth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s42055-018-0004-3

Milman, O (2021). Here’s Some Depressing Math: 3 Americans Create Enough Carbon Emissions to Kill 1 Person. Mother Jones, July 31. https://www.motherjones.com/environment/2021/07/heres-some-depressing-math-3-americans-create-enough-carbon-emissions-to-kill-1-person/

Moore, D, Cranston, G, Reed, A and Galli, A (2012). Projecting Future Human Demand on the Earth's Regenerative Capacity. Ecological Indicators, 16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.03.013

Morrison, R (2020). Meat of the Matter: New Online Tool that Calculates How our Eating Habits Impact the Environment Reveals that if Everyone had the Same Diet as the US We'd Need Another PLANET. Daily Mail, Jan. 20. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-7907299/New-online-tool-calculates-impact-eating-habits-environment.html

Mubako, S, Lahiri, S and Lant, C (2013). Input–output Analysis of Virtual Water Transfers: Case Study of California and Illinois. Ecological Economics, 93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2013.06.005

Nassen, J, Andersson, D, Larsson, J and Holmberg, J (2014). Explaining the Variation in Greenhouse Gas Emissions Between Households: Socioeconomic, Motivational, and Physical Factors. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 19(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12168

Natali, S et al., (2021). Permafrost Carbon Feedbacks Threaten Global Climate Goals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118(32). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2100163118

The Next System Project (2019). The Index of Systemic Trends. https://thenextsystem.org/learn/stories/index-systemic-trends

O’Dorico, P et al., (2019). Global Virtual Water Trade and the Hydrological Cycle: Patterns, Drivers, and Socio-environmental Impacts. Environmental Research Letters, 14(5). https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ab05f4

Parish, E, Kodra, E, Steinhaeuser, Kand Ganguly, A (2012). Estimating Future Global per Capita Water Availability Based on Changes in Climate and Population. Computers & Geosciences, 42. https://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~ksteinha/papers/CAGEO12.pdf

Paterson, W, Rushforth, R, Ruddell, B, Konar, M, Ahams, I, Grionas, J, Mijic, A and Mejia, A (2015). Water Footprint of Cities: A Review and Suggestions for Future Research. Sustainability, 7. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/7/7/8461/htm

Rees, W (2000). Our Ecological Footprint: When Consumption Does Violence. Environment Canada Policy Research Seminar Series. pdf

Schendler, A (2021). Worrying About Your Carbon Footprint Is Exactly What Big Oil Wants You to Do. The New York Times, Aug. 31. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/31/opinion/climate-change-carbon-neutral.html

Soto-Navarro, C et al., (2020). Mapping Co-benefits for Carbon Storage and Biodiversity to Inform Conservation Policy and Action. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 37(1794). https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0128

Sustainable Earth (2020). A New Planetary Accounting Framework. https://sustainableearth.biomedcentral.com/ [Short video explaining how planetary accounting scales down the planetary boundary concepts to quotas that can be used by governments and individuals to get within planetary boundaries.]

Sutton, P, Anderson, S, Tuttle, B and Morse, L (2012). The Real Wealth of Nations: Mapping and Monetizing the Human Ecological Footprint. Ecological Indicators, 16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.03.008

Tamea, S, Allamano, P, Carr, J, Claps, P, Laio, F and Ridolfi, L (2013). Local and Global Perspectives on the Virtual Water Trade. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 17. http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/17/1205/2013

Tatum, M (2020). Will Carbon Labels on Our Food Turn us Into Climatarians? Discover Magazine, Nov. 4. https://www.discovermagazine.com/environment/will-carbon-labels-on-our-food-turn-us-into-climatarians

Uddin, G, Salahuddin, M, Alam, K and Gow, J (2017). Ecological Footprint and Real Income: Panel Data Evidence from the 27 Highest Emitting Countries. Ecological Indicators, 77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.01.003

United Nations Environment Programme (2015). Options for Decoupling Economic Growth from Water Use and Water Pollution. Report of the International Resource Panel Working Group on Sustainable Water Management. https://www.resourcepanel.org/reports/options-decoupling-economic-growth-water-use-and-water-pollution

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2022). Power Profiler. https://www.epa.gov/egrid/power-profiler#/ [Map of US. Electricity grids and their emission rates. Can enter a zip code to see the fuel mix of sources used to generate electricity in your region.]

Vander Velde, B (2016). What on Earth is ‘Natural Capital’? Conservation International. https://www.conservation.org/blog/what-on-earth-is-natural-capital

Venter, O et al., (2016). Sixteen Years of Change in the Global Terrestrial Human Footprint and Implications for Biodiversity Conservation. Nature Communications, 7. https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms12558

Vollmer, D, Regan, H and Andelman, S (2016). Assessing the Sustainability of Freshwater Ecosystems: A Critical Review of Composite Indicators. Ambio, 45(7). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5055483/

Water Footprint Network (2016). National Water Footprint. http://waterfootprint.org/en/water-footprint/national-water-footprint/

Weidmann, T and Barret, J (2010). A Review of the Ecological Footprint Indicator — Perceptions and Methods. Sustainability, 2. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/2/6/1645/htm

Weidmann, T and Lenzen, M (2018). Environmental and Social Footprints of International Trade. Nature Geoscience, 11. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-018-0113-9

Weidmann, T, Schandl, H, Lenzen,M, Moran, D, Suh, S, West, J and Kanemoto, K (2015). The Material Footprint of Nations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(20). https://www.pnas.org/content/112/20/6271.full

White, C (2012). Understanding Water Scarcity: Definitions and Measurements. Global Water Forum, May 7. http://globalwaterforum.org/2012/05/07/understanding-water-scarcity-definitions-and-measurements/ [A critique of different measures.]

Wilk, R and Barros, B (2021). Private Planes, Mansions and Superyachts: What Gives Billionaires Like Musk and Abramovich Such a Massive Carbon Footprint. The Conversation, Feb. 16. https://theconversation.com/private-planes-mansions-and-superyachts-what-gives-billionaires-like-musk-and-abramovich-such-a-massive-carbon-footprint-152514

World Water Council (2004). E-Conference Synthesis: Virtual Water Trade - Conscious Choices. https://issuu.com/christinadianparmionova/docs/e-conference_synthesis_-virtual_water_trade_-_cons

Xu, X et al., (2021). Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Animal-based Foods are Twice Those of Plant-based Foods. Nature Food, 2. https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-021-00358-x

York, R, Rosa, E and Dietz, T (2003). Footprints On the Earth: The Environmental Consequences of Modernity. American Sociological Review, 68(2), 279–300. https://doi.org/10.2307/1519769

Zhao, D, Hubacek, K, Feng, K, Sun L and Liu, J (2019). Explaining Virtual Water Trade: A Spatial-Temporal Analysis of the Comparative Advantage of Land, Labor and Water in China. Water Research, 153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.01.025

C. Beware the State Change - Planetary Boundaries, Thresholds, and Tipping Points (more in Sections I, II and VI)

Aengenheyster, M, Feng, Q, van der Ploeg, F and Dijkstra, H (2018). The Point of No Return for Climate Action: Effects of Climate Uncertainty and Risk Tolerance. Earth System Dynamics, 9: 1085–1095. https://www.earth-syst-dynam.net/9/1085/2018/

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Angus, I (2019). Disrupting the Nitrogen Cycle: Articles on a Major Metabolic Rift. Climate & Capitalism, Oct. 25. https://climateandcapitalism.com/2019/10/25/disrupting-the-nitrogen-cycle-articles-on-a-major-metabolic-rift/

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Gerten, D, Hoff, H, Rockstrom, J, Jagermeyr, J, Kummu, M and Pastor, A (2013). Towards a Revised Planetary Boundary for Consumptive Freshwater Use: Role of Environmental Flow Requirements. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 5(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2013.11.001

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Giger, P (2021). Climate Change Will be Sudden and Cataclysmic. We Need to Act Fast. World Economic Forum, Jan. 19. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/01/climate-change-sudden-cataclysmic-need-act-fast/ [About triggering of tipping points.]

Good, P et al., (2014). An Updated View of Tipping Points and the Relevance for Long-term Climate Goals. AVOID 2 WPA.5 Report 1. https://www.avoid.uk.net/2015/01/an-updated-view-of-tipping-points-and-the-relevance-for-long-term-climate-goals-a5/

Gross, M (2015). Assessing Humanity’s Global Impact. Current Biology, 25(4). https://core.ac.uk/reader/82748649 [Relatively short and approachable overview of the planetary boundaries overview.]

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Hillebrand, H, Donohue, I, Harpole, S, Hodapp, D, Kucera, M, Lewandowska, A, Merder, J, Montoya, J and Freund, J (2020). Thresholds for Ecological Responses to Global Change Do Not Emerge from Empirical Data. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 4. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-020-1256-9

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Hulbe, C (2020). How Close is the West Antarctic Ice Sheet to a ‘Tipping Point’? Carbon Brief, Feb. 14. https://www.carbonbrief.org/guest-post-how-close-is-the-west-antarctic-ice-sheet-to-a-tipping-point

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The King's Centre for Visualization in Science (2015). Planetary Boundaries. https://applets.kcvs.ca/PlanetaryBoundaries/#co2GraphContainer [A somewhat animated, and easier to read, version of the Planetary Boundaries, changing over time, along with concise text about them.]

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Leadley, P, Pereira, H, Alkemade, R, Fernandez-Manjarrés, J, Proença, V, Scharlemann, J, Walpole, M (2010) Biodiversity Scenarios: Projections of 21st Century Change in Biodiversity and Associated Ecosystem Services. Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Technical Series no. 50. https://www.cbd.int/doc/publications/cbd-ts-50-en.pdf [With examples of tipping point mechanisms and feedback loops.]

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Lovejoy T and Nobre, C (2019). Amazon Tipping Point: Last Chance for Action. Science Advances, 5(12). https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/12/eaba2949

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McSweeney, R (2020). Explainer: Nine ‘Tipping Points’ that Could be Triggered by Climate Change. Carbon Brief, Feb. 10. https://www.carbonbrief.org/explainer-nine-tipping-points-that-could-be-triggered-by-climate-change [Infographic in map form]

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Murphy, T (2021b). Quantitative Framing of Our Predicament: Physics Say Systemic Transformation is Needed. UC San Diego. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BjwbYZUdx8w [Succinct video]

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The Next System Project (2019). The Index of Systemic Trends. https://thenextsystem.org/learn/stories/index-systemic-trends

O’Brien, K (2013). What’s the Problem? Putting Global Environmental Change into Perspective, in United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, World Social Science Report 2013: Changing Global Environments. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/social-issues-migration-health/world-social-science-report-2013_9789264203419-en

O’Neil, D (2018). Is it Possible for Everyone to Live a Good Life Within Our Planet’s Limits? The Conversation, Feb. 7. https://theconversation.com/is-it-possible-for-everyone-to-live-a-good-life-within-our-planets-limits-91421

O’Neill, D, Fanning, A, Lamb, W and Steinberger, J (2018). A Good Life for All Within Planetary Boundaries. Nature Sustainability, 1. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-018-0021-4

O’Neill, D et al., (2020a). About. University of Leeds. https://goodlife.leeds.ac.uk/about/ Web site associated with: O’Neill, D.W., Fanning, A.L., Lamb, W.F., and Steinberger, J.K. (2018). A Good Life for All Within Planetary Boundaries. Nature Sustainability, 1.

O’Neill, D et al., (2020b). Country Comparisons. University of Leeds. https://goodlife.leeds.ac.uk/countries/ Web site associated with: O’Neill, D.W., Fanning, A.L., Lamb, W.F., and Steinberger, J.K. (2018). A Good Life for All Within Planetary Boundaries. Nature Sustainability, 1. [Select a country to view its environmental sustainability and social performance relative to the “safe and just space” framework and see how it compares with other countries.]

O’Neill, D et al., (2020c). Explore Scenarios. University of Leeds. https://goodlife.leeds.ac.uk/explore-scenarios/ Web site associated with: O’Neill, D.W., Fanning, A.L., Lamb, W.F., and Steinberger, J.K. (2018). A Good Life for All Within Planetary Boundaries. Nature Sustainability, 1. [Use the sliders below each of the social indicators to raise or lower the thresholds we chose for a “good life”, and explore what your choices would mean for sustainability if they were extended to all people.]

O’Neill, D et al., (2020d). The Wellbeing–Consumption Paradox. University of Leeds. https://goodlife.leeds.ac.uk/paradox/ Web site associated with: O’Neill, D.W., Fanning, A.L., Lamb, W.F., and Steinberger, J.K. (2018). A Good Life for All Within Planetary Boundaries. Nature Sustainability, 1. [Interactive graphing of metrics of social indicators vs carbon footprint for all countries.]

O’Neill, D et al., (2020e). World Map. University of Leeds. https://goodlife.leeds.ac.uk/world-map/ Web site associated with: O’Neill, D.W., Fanning, A.L., Lamb, W.F., and Steinberger, J.K. (2018). A Good Life for All Within Planetary Boundaries. Nature Sustainability, 1. [Use this interactive world map to see the number of biophysical boundaries that different countries transgress (the BIOPHYSICAL tab) in comparison to the number of social thresholds that they achieve (the SOCIAL tab).]

Osaka, S (2019). The Problem with Putting a Deadline on the Climate Apocalypse. Grist, Sept. 15. https://grist.org/article/jonathan-franzen-greta-thunberg-alexandria-ocasio-cortex-climate-deadline/

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Randers, J and Goluke, U (2020). An Earth System Model Shows Self-sustained Melting of Permafrost Even if All Man-made GHG Emissions Stop in 2020. Scientific Reports, 10. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-75481-z Then read this: Noor, D (2020). Climate Scientists Debunk ‘Point of No Return’ Paper Everyone’s Freaking Out About. Gizmodo, Nov. 13. https://earther.gizmodo.com/climate-scientists-debunk-point-of-no-return-paper-ev-1845667916

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Rehman, A and Ghadiali, A (2019). The Fight of Our Lives. Resilience, Nov. 25. https://www.resilience.org/stories/2019-11-25/the-fight-of-our-lives/

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Rockström, J, Steffen, W, Noone,K, Persson, Å, Chapin, FS, Lambin, EF, Lenton, TM, Scheffer, M, Folke, C, Schellnhuber, HJ, Nykvist, B, de Wit, CA, Hughes, T, van der Leeuw, S, Rodhe, H, Sörlin, S, Snyder, PK, Costanza, R, Svedin, U, Falkenmark, M, Karlberg, L, Corell, RW, Fabry, VJ, Hansen, J, Walker, B, Liverman, D, Richardson, K, Crutzen, P, Foley, JA (2009). A Safe Operating Space for Humanity. Nature, 461(24): 472-475. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v461/n7263/pdf/461472a.pdf

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Stafford, et al., (2010). Now is the Time for Action: Transitions and Tipping Points in Complex Environmental Systems. Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development, 52(1): 38-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00139150903481882

Steffen, W, Broadgate, W, Deutsch, L, Gaffney, O and Ludwig, C (2015). The Trajectory of the Anthropocene: The Great Acceleration. The Anthropocene Review, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/2053019614564785

Steffen, W, et al., (2015). Planetary Boundaries: Guiding Human Development on a Changing Planet. Science, 347(6223). http://science.sciencemag.org/content/347/6223/1259855

Steffen, W and 15 co-authors (2018). Trajectories of the Earth System in the Anthropocene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(33): 8252-8259. https://www.pnas.org/content/115/33/8252

Stockholm Resilience Centre (2015). Planetary Boundaries - An Update. https://www.stockholmresilience.org/research/research-news/2015-01-15-planetary-boundaries---an-update.html [A short overview/news release.]

Stoknes, P and Rockstrom, J (2018). Redefining Green Growth Within Planetary Boundaries. Energy Research & Social Science, 44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2018.04.030

Sustainable Development Solutions Network (2014). Pathways to Deep Decarbonization. https://www.greengrowthknowledge.org/sites/default/files/downloads/resource/Pathways_to_%20Deep_Decarbonization.pdf

Tong, D, Zhang, Q, Zheng, Y, Caldeira, K, Shearer, C, Hong, C, Qin, Y and Davis, S (2019). Committed Emissions from Existing Energy Infrastructure Jeopardize 1.5 °C Climate Target. Nature, 572. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1364-3

United Nations Environment Programme (2018). Emissions Gap Report Interactive. https://www.unenvironment.org/interactive/emissions-gap-report/

United Nations Environment Programme (2019). Emissions Gap Report 2019. https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/emissions-gap-report-2019

U.S. Global Change Research Program (2017). Ch. 15: Potential Surprises: Compound Extremes and Tipping Elements, in Fourth National Climate Assessment, Vol. 1. https://science2017.globalchange.gov/

Vaughan, D (2008). West Antarctic Ice Sheet Collapse – The Fall and Rise of a Paradigm. Climatic Change, 91(1): 65-79. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225166993_West_Antarctic_Ice_Sheet_Collapse_-_The_Fall_and_Rise_of_a_Paradigm

Wang, R, Dearing, J, Langdon, P, Zhang, E, Yang, X, Daskos, V and Scheffer, M (2012). Flickering Gives Early Warning Signals of a Critical Transition to a Eutrophic Lake State. Nature, 492. https://www.nature.com/articles/nature11655

Watson, R, McCarthy, J, Canziani, P, Nakicenovic, N and Hisas, L (2019). The Truth Behind the Climate Pledges. Fundación Ecológica Universal - US. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1nFx8UKTyjEteYO87-x06mVEkTs6RSPBi/view

Weise, E (2022). The World is 'Perilously Close' to Tipping Points of Irreversible Climate Change. These are 5 that Keep Scientists Up at Night. USA Today, April 7. https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2022/04/07/climate-change-tipping-points/9461585002/

Werners, S, Pfenninger, S, van Slobbe, E, Haasnoot, M, Kwakkel, J and Swart, R (2013). Thresholds, Tipping and Turning Points for Sustainability Under Climate Change. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2013.06.005

Westley, F et al., (2011). Tipping Toward Sustainability: Emerging Pathways of Transformation. AMBIO, 40. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs13280-011-0186-9 [Systems thinking oriented and techno optimistic.]

Whitty, J (2006). The Thirteenth Tipping Point. Mother Jones, Nov./Dec. https://www.motherjones.com/environment/2006/11/thirteenth-tipping-point/

Wunderling, N, Donges, J, Kurths, J and Winkelmann, R (2021). Interacting Tipping Elements Increase Risk of Climate Domino Effects Under Global Warming. Earth System Dynamics, 12. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-12-601-2021

Zipper, S, Jaramillo, F, Wang‐Erlandsson, L, Cornell, S, Gleeson, T, Porkka, M, Häyhä, T, Crépin, A, Fetzer, I, Gerten, D, Hoff, H, Matthews, N, Ricaurte‐Villota, C, Kummu, M, Wada, Y and Gordon, L (2020). Integrating the Water Planetary Boundary with Water Management from Local to Global Scales. Earth’s Future, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001377

D. Assessing the Vulnerability and Risk of Populations (more in Section IJ and Section VIII)

Barnett, J (2020). Global Environmental Change II: Political Economies of Vulnerability to Climate Change. Progress in Human Geography, 44(6). https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132519898254

Bene, C, Godfrey-Wood, R, Newsham, A and Davies, M (2012). Resilience: New Utopia or New Tyranny? Reflection about the Potentials and Limits of the Concept of Resilience in Relation to Vulnerability Reduction Programmes. Institute of Development Studies, Working Paper 405. http://www.ids.ac.uk/files/dmfile/Wp405.pdf

Berke, P (2017). Why is Houston So Vulnerable to Devastating Floods? BBC, Aug. 31. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-41107049

Bizikova, L, Habtezion, Z, Bellali, J, Diakhite, M and Pinter, L (2009). VIA Module: Vulnerability and Climate Change Impact Assessments for Adaptation. United Nations Environment Programme. https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/report/vulnerability-and-climate-change-impact-assessments-adaptation-module

Bukvic, A, Rohat, G, Apotsos, A and de Sherbinin, A (2020). A Systematic Review of Coastal Vulnerability Mapping. Sustainability, 12(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12072822

Byers, E et al., (2018). Global Exposure and Vulnerability to Multi-sector Development and Climate Change Hotspots. Environmental Research Letters, 13(5). https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aabf45

Cardona, O, van Aalst, M, Birkmann, J, Fordham, M, McGregor, G, Perez, R, Pulwarty, R, Schipper, E and Sinh, B (2012). Determinants of Risk: Exposure and Vulnerability, in Field, C., Barros, V, Stocker, T, Qin, D, Dokken, D, Ebi, K, Mastrandrea, M, Mach, K, Plattner, G, Allen, S, Tignor, M and Midgley P (eds.) Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation. International Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge Univ. Press. https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/03/SREX-Chap2_FINAL-1.pdf

Casola, J, Roop, H, Fellows, K, Galaviz, V, Gruen, D, Jacobs, S and Seto, E (2018). An Unfair Share: Exploring the Disproportionate Risks from Climate Change Facing Washington State Communities. A report prepared for Seattle Foundation by the UW Climate Impacts Group, and the UW Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences. University of Washington, Seattle. https://cig.uw.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/08/AnUnfairShare_WashingtonState_August2018.pdf

CDP Worldwide (2021). Cities Climate Risk and Vulnerability Assessments. https://data.cdp.net/Climate-Hazards/2021-Cities-Climate-Risk-and-Vulnerability-Assessm/8ihd-6z76

Coughlin, M, Ellison, A and Cavanaugh, A (2019). Social Vulnerability and Wildfire in the Wildland-Urban Interface: Literature Synthesis. Ecosystem Workforce Program Working Paper Series, Institute for a Sustainable Environment, University of Oregon. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337499719_Social_vulnerability_and_Wildfire_in_the_Wildland_Urban_Interface

Creighton, J,.Strobel, M, Hardegree, S, Steele, R, Van Horne, B, Gravenmier, B, Owen, W, Peterson, D, Hoang, L, Little, N, Bochicchio, J, Hall, W, Cole, M, Hestvik, S and Olson, J (2015). Northwest Regional Climate Hub Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies. United States Department of Agriculture. https://www.climatehubs.usda.gov/sites/default/files/Northwest%20Vulnerability%20Assessment%20Final.pdf

Cutter, S (2005). The Geography of Social Vulnerability: Race, Class, and Catastrophe, in Understanding Katrina, Perspectives from Social Science. The Social Science Research Council http://understandingkatrina.ssrc.org/Cutter/

Cutter, S and Derakhshan, S (2020). Temporal and Spatial Change in Disaster Resilience in US Counties, 2010–2015. Environmental Hazards, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2018.1511405

DARA and the Climate Vulnerable Forum (2012). Climate Vulnerability Monitor 2nd Edition: A Guide to the Cold Calculus of a Hot Planet. Fundación DARA Internacional. https://daraint.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/CVM2-Low.pdf

Davies, I, Huago, R, Roberstons, J, and Levin, P (2018). The Unequal Vulnerability of Communities of Color to Wildfire. PLoS ONE, 13(11): e0205825. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205825

Dunning, C and Durden, S (2013). Social Vulnerability Analysis: A Comparison of Tools. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Institute for Water Resources. https://www.iwr.usace.army.mil/Portals/70/docs/iwrreports/Social_Vulnerability_Analysis_Tools.pdf

Eckstein, D, Hutfils, M and Winges, M (2019). Global Climate Risk Index 2019. Germanwatch. https://germanwatch.org/sites/germanwatch.org/files/Global%20Climate%20Risk%20Index%202019_2.pdf

Emrich, C and Cutter, S (2011). Social Vulnerability to Climate-Sensitive Hazards in the Southern United States. Weather, Climate and Society, 3. http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/2011WCAS1092.1

Flanagan, B, Gregory, E, Hallisey, E, Heitgerd, J, and Lewis, B (2011). A Social Vulnerability Index for Disaster Management. Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, 8(1). https://svi.cdc.gov/A%20Social%20Vulnerability%20Index%20for%20Disaster%20Management.pdf

Fragile States Index (2020). Measuring Fragility: Risk and Vulnerability in 178 Countries. https://fragilestatesindex.org/

Franco, E (2020). Global Risk Report 2020. World Economic Forum. http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Global_Risk_Report_2020.pdf

Frank, T (2020). Flooding Disproportionately Harms Black Neighborhoods. Scientific American, June 2. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/flooding-disproportionately-harms-black-neighborhoods/

Friggens, M, Bagne, K, Finch, D, Falk, D, Triepke, J and Lynch, A (2013). Review and Recommendations for Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Approaches with Examples from the Southwest. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-309. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/44184

Fussel, H and Klein, R (2006). Climate Change Vulnerability Assessments: An Evolution of Conceptual Thinking. Climatic Change, 75(3). https://www.climatelearningplatform.org/sites/default/files/resources/Fussel%2BKlein_2006_vulnerability.pdf

Garg, A, Rana, A, Shukla, P, Kapshe, M and Azad, M (2007). Handbook of Current and Next Generation Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment Tools. The BASIC Project, Environment Directorate of the European Commission. http://www.basic-project.net/data/final/Paper08India%20Vulnerability%20and%20Adaptation%20Assessment%20Tools%85.pdf

Governor’s Office of Planning and Research (2018). Defining Vulnerable Communities in the Context of Climate Adaptation. State of California. https://opr.ca.gov/docs/20200720-Vulnerable_Communities.pdf

Green Growth Knowledge Platform (2021). Poverty and Equity. https://www.greengrowthknowledge.org/themes/poverty-and-equity [Portal to many articles and reports.]

Grove, K (2014). Biopolitics and Adaptation: Governing Socio‐Ecological Contingency Through Climate Change and Disaster Studies. Geography Compass, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.1111/gec3.12118

Hazards & Vulnerability Research Institute (2014). Social Vulnerability Index – 2010-2014. University of South Carolina. http://artsandsciences.sc.edu/geog/hvri/sovi%C2%AE-0

Howell, J and Elliott, J (2019). Damages Done: The Longitudinal Impacts of Natural Hazards on Wealth Inequality in the United States. Social Problems, 66(3). https://academic.oup.com/socpro/article/66/3/448/5074453

Howell, P (2003). Indigenous Early Warning Indicators of Cyclones: Potential Application in Coastal Bangladesh. Benfield Hazard Research Center. https://www.preventionweb.net/files/1529_workingpaper6.pdf

Iglesias, V et al., (2021). Risky Development: Increasing Exposure to Natural Hazards in the United States. Earth’s Future, 9(7). https://doi.org/10.1029/2020EF001795

Jager, J et al., (2007). Vulnerability of People and the Environment: Challenges and Opportunities, in Global Environment Outlook 4. United Nations Environment Programme. https://www.unenvironment.org/resources/global-environment-outlook-4

Joakim, E, Mortsch, L and Oulahen, G (2015). Using Vulnerability and Resilience Concepts to Advance Climate Change Adaptation. Environmental Hazards, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/17477891.2014.1003777

Johansen, C, Horney, J and Tien, I (2017). Metrics for Evaluating and Improving Community Resilience. Journal of Infrastructure Systems, 23(2). https://ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/%28ASCE%29IS.1943-555X.0000329

Katic, K (2017). Social Vulnerability Assessment Tools for Climate Change and DRR Programming. United Nations Development Programme. https://www.adaptation-undp.org/sites/default/files/resources/social_vulnerability05102017_0.pdf

King, D, Schrag, D, Dadi, Z, Ye, Q and Ghosh, A (2015). Climate Change: A Risk Assessment. Centre for Science and Policy, University of Cambridge. http://www.csap.cam.ac.uk/projects/climate-change-risk-assessment/

Krosby, M, Morgan, H, Case, M and Binder, L (2016). Stillaguamish Tribe Natural Resources Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment. University of Washington Climate Impacts Group. https://www.cakex.org/documents/stillaguamish-tribe-natural-resources-climate-change-vulnerability-assessment

Kubacki, K, Siemieniako, D and Brennan, L (2020). Building Positive Resilience Through Vulnerability Analysis. Journal of Social Marketing, 10(4). https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JSOCM-09-2019-0142/full/html

Kulp, S and Strauss, B (2019). New Elevation Data Triple Estimates of Global Vulnerability to Sea-level Rise and Coastal Flooding. Nature Communications, 10(4844). https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-12808-z

Lane, K, Charles-Guzman, K, Wheeler, K, Abid, Z, Graber, N and Matte, T (2013). Health Effects of Coastal Storms and Flooding in Urban Areas: A Review and Vulnerability Assessment. Journal of Environmental and Public Health, Article ID 913064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/913064

Leichenko, R and Thomas, A (2012). Coastal Cities and Regions in a Changing Climate: Economic Impacts, Risks and Vulnerabilities. Geography Compass, 6(6). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-8198.2012.00495.x

Liden, K (2021). National Risk Assessments: A Political Vaccine Against the Next Disaster? Open Democracy, Feb. 15. https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/can-europe-make-it/national-risk-assessments-political-vaccine-against-next-disaster/

Liu, H, Lauta, K and Maas, M (2018). Governing Boring Apocalypses: A New Typology of Existential Vulnerabilities and Exposures for Existential Risk Research. Futures, 102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2018.04.009

McCarthy, K and Valdez, Z (2019). Mapping Heat Vulnerability to Protect Community Health. EOS, April 5. https://eos.org/agu-news/mapping-heat-vulnerability-to-protect-community-health

McCormick, S (2016). Assessing Climate Change Vulnerability in Urban America: Stakeholder-driven Approaches. Climatic Change, 138. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10584-016-1757-3

Nelitz, M, Boardley, S and Smith, R (2013). Tools for Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment for Watersheds. ESSA Technologies Ltd for the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. https://www.ccme.ca/files/Resources/water/climate_change/pn_1494_vat.pdf

Nugent, C (2019). The 10 Countries Most Vulnerable to Climate Change Will Experience Population Booms in the Coming Decades. Time. https://time.com/5621885/climate-change-population-growth/

O’Brien, K, Sygna, L, Leichenko, R, Adger, W, Barnett, J, Mitchell, T, Schipper, L, Tanner, T, Vogel, C and Mortreux, C (2008). Disaster Risk Reduction, Climate Change Adaptation and Human Security. A Commissioned Report for the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.569.6835&rep=rep1&type=pdf

O’Neill, B, Jiang, L, KC, S, Fuchs, R, Pachauri, S, Laidlaw, E, Zhang, T, Zhou and Ren, X (2020). The Effect of Education on Determinants of Climate Change Risks. Nature Sustainability, 3. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-020-0512-y?draft=collection

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (2018). National Risk Assessments: A Cross Country Perspective. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264287532-en

Partnership for Resilience and Preparedness (2019). https://prepdata.org/ [Visualizing data to build climate resilience]

Pielke, R [ed.] (2013). Climate Vulnerability: Understanding and Addressing Threats to Essential Resources. Elsevier Publ. https://www.sciencedirect.com/referencework/9780123847041/climate-vulnerability#book-info

Pollock, W and Wartman, J (2020). Human Vulnerability to Landslides. GeoHealth, 4(10). https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GH000287

Porfiriev, B (2009). Community Resilience and Vulnerability to Disasters: Qualitative Models and Megacities – A Comparison with Small Towns. Environmental Hazards, 8. pdf

Preston, B, Yuen, E and Westaway, R (2011). Putting Vulnerability to Climate Change on the Map: A Review of Approaches, Beneﬁts, and Risks. Sustainability Science, 6. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225227138_Putting_vulnerability_to_climate_change_on_the_map_A_review_of_approaches_benefits_and_risks

Preston, B, Yuen, E and Westaway, R (2011). Putting Vulnerability to Climate Change on the Map: A Review of Approaches, Beneﬁts, and Risks. Sustainability Science, 6. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11625-011-0129-1

Preston, B, Dow, K and Berkhout, F (2013). The Climate Adaptation Frontier. Sustainability, 5(4). https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/5/3/1011

Pricope, N, Pardo-Rodriguez, L and Lopez-Carr, D (2018). Vulnerability to Climate Change. Oxford Bibliographies. https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780199874002/obo-9780199874002-0040.xml?print%23mainContent [Provides an overview of the topic with many annotated citations.]

Rangwala, L, Burke, L, Wihanesta, R, Elias-Trostmann, K and Chandra, M (2018). Prepared Communities: Implementing the Urban Community Resilience Assessment in Vulnerable Neighborhoods of Three Cities. World Resources Institute. https://www.wri.org/publication/prepared-communities

Raymond, C, Peterson, D, Rochefort, R (2014). Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation in the North Cascades Region, Washington. General Technical Report, PNW-GTR-892. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. https://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/pubs/pnw_gtr892.pdf

Reale, A (2010). Acts of God(s): The Role of Religion in Disaster Risk Reduction. Humanitarian Practice Network. Issue 48. https://odihpn.org/magazine/acts-of-gods-the-role-of-religion-in-disaster-risk-reduction/

Rohat, G (2018). Projecting Drivers of Human Vulnerability Under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(3). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5877099/

Shamsuddoha, M (2005). Climate Change, Disaster and Coastal Vulnerabilities in Bangladesh. Coastbd.org. https://www.preventionweb.net/publications/view/4032

Shepherd, A, Mitchell, T, Lewis, K, Lenhardt, A, Jones, L, Scott, L, and Muir-Wood, R (2013). The Geography of Poverty, Disasters and Climate Extremes in 2030. Overseas Development Institute. http://www.odi.org.uk/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/8633.pdf

Smit, B and Wandel, J (2006). Adaptation, Adaptive Capacity and Vulnerability. Global Environmental Change, 16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.03.008

Soares, M, Gagnon, A and Doherty, R (2012). Conceptual Elements of Climate Change Vulnerability Assessments: A Review. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, 4(1). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235276470_Conceptual_elements_of_climate_change_vulnerability_assessments_A_review

Social Science Research Council (2007). Understanding Katrina. Items. https://items.ssrc.org/category/understanding-katrina/ [Collection of articles “addressing the implications of the tragedy that extend beyond “natural disaster,” “engineering failures,” “cronyism” or other categories of interpretation that do not directly examine the underlying issues—political, social and economic—laid bare by the events surrounding Katrina.”]

Sultana, F (2010). Living in Hazardous Waterscapes: Gendered Vulnerabilities and Experiences of Floods and Disasters. Environmental Hazards, 9. https://www.farhanasultana.dev/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Sultana-EnvHazards-Final-2010.pdf

Tarling, H (2017). Comparative Analysis of Social Vulnerability Indices: CDC’s SVI and SoVI®. Division of Risk Management and Societal Safety, Lund University. http://lup.lub.lu.se/luur/download?func=downloadFile&recordOId=8928519&fileOId=8928520

Thomas, K, Hardy, D, Lazrus, H, Mendez, M, Orlove, B, Rivera-Collazo, I, Roberts, T, Rockman, M, Warner, B and Winthrop, R (2018). Explaining Differential Vulnerability to Climate Change: A Social Science Review. WIREs Climate Change, 10(2). https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/wcc.565

Thomas, K and Warner, B (2019). Weaponizing Vulnerability to Climate Change. Global Environmental Change, 57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.101928 or https://www.academia.edu/39709604/Weaponizing_vulnerability_to_climate_change

United Nations Climate Change (2016). Climate Change Mainly Impacting Vulnerable Children. https://unfccc.int/news/climate-change-mainly-impacting-vulnerable-children

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (2009). Climate Change: Impacts, Vulnerabilities and Adaptation in Developing Countries. https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/publications/impacts.pdf

United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (2019). Chapter 2: Systemic Risks, the Sendai Framework and the 2030 Agenda, in The UN Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction 2019. https://gar.unisdr.org/sites/default/files/chapter/2019-06/chapter_2.pdf

United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (2019). Chapter 3: Risk, in The UN Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction 2019. https://gar.unisdr.org/sites/default/files/reports/2019-05/full_gar_report.pdf

U.S. Climate Resilience Toolkit (2017). Quinault Indian Nation Plans for Village Relocation. https://toolkit.climate.gov/case-studies/quinault-indian-nation-plans-village-relocation

U.S. Department of Education (2008). A Guide to School Vulnerability Assessments: Key Principles for Safe Schools. https://www.hsdl.org/?abstract&did=232984

U.S. Department of Energy (2021). 2021 Climate Adaptation and Resilience Plan. Report to the White House National Climate Task Force and Federal Chief Sustainability Officer. https://www.energy.gov/sites/default/files/2021-09/DOEClimateAdaptationandResiliencePlanSept21.pdf

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2018). Sustainable and Climate-Resilient Health Care Facilities Toolkit. https://toolkit.climate.gov/tool/sustainable-and-climate-resilient-health-care-facilities-toolkit

Wamsler, C and Brink, E (2014). The Urban Domino Effect: A Conceptualization of Cities’ Interconnectedness of Risk. Prepared for the Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction 2015. The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. https://www.unisdr.org/we/inform/publications/48146

Washington Emergency Management Division (2018). Washington State Enhanced Hazard Mitigation Plan Risk and Vulnerability Assessment. https://mil.wa.gov/enhanced-hazard-mitigation-plan

E. Other Metrics of Sustainability and Well-Being

Abson, D et al., (2017). Leverage Points for Sustainability Transformation. Ambio, 46. https://leveragepointsdotorg.files.wordpress.com/2016/07/abson_et_al_2016_leverage_points_for_sustainability_ambio_personal_copy.pdf

Agrawal, S and Harter, J (2011). Wellbeing Meta-Analysis: A Worldwide Study of the Relationship Between the Five Elements of Wellbeing and Life Evaluation, Daily Experiences, Health, and Giving. Gallup. https://www.gallup.com/services/176330/wellbeing-meta-analysis.aspx

Alvaredo, F, Chancel, L, Piketty, T, Saiz, E and Zucman, G (2018). World Inequality Report 2018. World Inequality Lab. https://wir2018.wid.world/

Avin, S et al., (2018). Classifying Global Catastrophic Risks. Futures, 102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2018.02.001

Bartram, D (2011). Economic Migration and Happiness: Comparing Immigrants’ and Natives’ Happiness Gains From Income. Social Indicators Research, 103(1). https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11205-010-9696-2

Bauwens, M and Pazaitis, A (2019). P2P Accounting for Planetary Survival. P2P Foundation. https://commonstransition.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/AccountingForPlanetarySurvival_defx-2.pdf

Bell, S and Morse, S (2018). Sustainability Indicators Past and Present: What Next? Sustainability, 10(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/su10051688

Bergheim, S (2006). Measures of Well-being. Deutsche Bank Research. https://fortschrittszentrum.de/dokumente/Bergheim_2006-Measures_of_well-being.pdf

Berry, B and Okulicz-Kozaryn, A (2011). An Urban-Rural Happiness Gradient. Urban Geography, 32(6): 871–883. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.2747/0272-3638.32.6.871

Bertelsmann Stiftung (2020). Sustainable Governance Indicators. https://www.sgi-network.org/2020/

Bertelsmann Stiftung (2020b). Sustainable Governance Indicators: Environment. https://www.sgi-network.org/2020/Policy_Performance/Environmental_Policies/Environment [Must click on the country you want from the bottom list.]

Board on Sustainable Development, National Research Council (1999). Our Common Journey: A Transition Toward Sustainability. National Academy Press. Executive summary: http://www.rwkates.org/pdfs/b1999.01.pdf Full report: https://www.nap.edu/catalog/9690/our-common-journey-a-transition-toward-sustainability [Has a 40 page section on the use of indicators.]

Bradshaw, C, Giam, X and Sodhi, N (2010). Evaluating the Relative Environmental Impact of Countries. PLoS ONE, 5(5). https://10.1371/journal.pone.0010440

Brander, L and Schuyt, K (2013). Benefits Transfer: The Economic Value of World’s Wetlands. TEEB. http://www.teebweb.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/The-economic-value-of-the-worlds-wetlands.pdf

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United Nations Environment Programme (2019a). About the Sustainable Development Goals. https://www.unenvironment.org/explore-topics/sustainable-development-goals/about-sustainable-development-goals#ourwork [Leads to many resources]

United Nations Environment Programme (2019b). 10 Things to Know About the Emissions Gap 2019. https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/story/10-things-know-about-emissions-gap-2019 [The quick and handy summary for everyone]

United Nations Environment Programme (2021). World Environment Situation Room. https://wesr.unep.org/ [Access to statistics, global monitoring reports, foresight and early warning reports, assessments, multilateral agreements, etc.]

University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science (2021). First-of-its-kind Quantitative Assessment for Sustainable Agriculture. Phys.org, Sept. 17. https://phys.org/news/2021-09-first-of-its-kind-quantitative-sustainable-agriculture.html

Vaden, T, Lahde, V, Majava, A, Jarvensivu, P, Toivanen, T, Hakala, E and Eronen, J (2020). Decoupling for Ecological Sustainability: A Categorisation and Review of Research Literature. Environmental Science and Policy, 112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2020.06.016

Vasagar, J and Pilsworth, T (2020). Sustainability Makes People Happier, Research Finds. Sustainable Development Solutions Network. https://worldhappiness.report/blog/sustainability-makes-people-happier-research-finds/

Wackernagel, M, Hanscom, L and Lin, D (2017). Making the Sustainable Development Goals Consistent with Sustainability. Frontiers in Energy Research, 5(18). https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2017.00018

Webster, D (2018). Strengthening Sustainability Through Data. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(44). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1816077115 [“Given the diversity and complexity of fisheries systems, carefully prepared, large-scale databases are useful for piecing together a more complete picture of sustainability.”]

Wendling, Z, Emerson, J, de Sherbinin, A,Esty, D, et al., (2020). 2020 Environmental Performance Index. Yale Center for Environmental Law & Policy. https://epi.yale.edu/downloads/epi2020report20200911.pdf

Winters, C (2021). Three Cities Switching To Life-Affirming Economies: “Doughnut Economics” Invites Nature Into Urban Planning. Yes Magazine, Feb. 16. https://www.yesmagazine.org/issue/ecological-civilization/2021/02/16/cities-life-affirming-economies/

World Economic Forum (2019). The Net-Zero Challenge: Global Climate Action at a Crossroads (Part 1). https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-net-zero-challenge-global-climate-action-at-a-crossroads-part-1

World Economic Forum (2021). The Global Risks Report 2021. https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-global-risks-report-2021

World Energy Outlook Team, Directorate of Sustainability (2022). The Role of Critical Minerals in Clean Energy Transitions. International Energy Agency. https://www.iea.org/reports/the-role-of-critical-minerals-in-clean-energy-transitions

World Values Survey (2020). http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/wvs.jsp

Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy (2020). 2020 Environmental Performance Index. https://epi.yale.edu/epi-results/2020/component/epi

Zeng, Y, Maxwell, S, Runting, R, Venter, O, Watson, J and Carrasco, R (2020). Environmental Destruction Not Avoided with the Sustainable Development Goals. Nature Sustainability, 3. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-020-0555-0

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Last Updated – June 16, 2022