Iberian Orca-Human Interaction Crisis Escalates

Recent reports are documenting what is suspected to be shotgun pellet injuries sustained by the matriarch and one of oldest known members of the critically endangered Iberian orca subpopulation. It underscores an escalating crisis of human–marine wildlife conflict in the Strait of Gibraltar and around the Atlantic waters of the Iberian peninsula. The incident was first highlighted by WeWhale’s press release and then widely covered across international media (including The Guardian and Fox News). It demonstrates the critical urgency of moving beyond ad-hoc responses in this interaction crisis. As human retaliatory action and/or self-defense risk accelerating the extinction of this vulnerable group, proactive and structural mitigation strategies are urgently needed. For an in-depth analysis and framework on addressing this crisis through managed co-existence, my just published working paper will be of interest: Passive Acoustic Monitoring for Iberian Orca Conservation and Maritime Safety: Managed Coexistence in the Strait of Gibraltar on SSRN. [Versión impresa en español]

A 9-min interview exchange explains some details of the crisis.

Orca Zone Checklist for Mariners (now also in Spanish)

After receiving quite positive feedback from both mariners and marine biologists I have created a Spanish-language version of the Orca Zone checklists and protocols, which can be downloaded here. Also, some minor corrections were incorporated into the English-language version, which is also available for downloading here. Any comments and suggestions for improvement are welcome.

Tras recibir comentarios muy positivos de navegantes y biólogos marinos, he creado una versión en español de las listas de verificación y protocolos de Orca Zone, que puede descargarse aquí. Además, se incorporaron algunas correcciones menores a la versión en inglés, que también está disponible para descargar aquí. Cualquier comentario o sugerencia de mejora es bienvenida.

Orca Zone Checklist for Mariners

As an inspiration and direct result from the discussions at the February Orca Symposium in Tarifa Spain, I have developed a set of checklists and practical protocols, which will be helpful to mariners intending to pass through orcas zones and orca attack hotspots. The 19-page document can be downloaded here. Any comments and suggestions for improvement are welcome.

The Iberian Orca Interaction Crisis: Disentangling Wild Marine and Human Lives—A Call for Managed Co-existence

Here is the revised PDF version of the paper, which was presented at ITDRR 2024, the 9th IFIP WG5.15 Conference on Information Technology in Disaster Risk Reduction, held at Krems, Austria from Oct 14, 2024 to Oct 16, 2024.

Citation: Scholl, Hans J. (2024, Oct 14-16), “The Iberian Orca Interaction Crisis: Disentangling Wild Marine and Human Lives—A Call for Managed Co-existence” Paper presented at the 9th IFIP WG5.15 Conference on Information Technology in Disaster Risk Reduction, held at Krems, Austria. https://faculty.waschington.edu/jscholl/itdrr2024/Scholl_2024b.pdf

Impressions from the Orca Symposium, Tarifa (Spain)

Orca-related research appears to attract an increasing number of academic disciplines beyond marine biology, wildlife behavioral studies, and conservation. Most empirical research in the subject area involves all kind of advanced sensory, measuring, observational, and information technologies. Other scholars here come from as distant fields as linguistics, genetics, and history among others. My own participation, which emphasizes the perspectives of emergency management and information management, is only another case in point. Learning from these different academic perspectives is fascinating to me.

For showing accepted posters (see below) the organizers chose a historical spot (a building, which had served for a long time as a Christian Church once converted from an Islamic Mosque, which in turn was built on a large Roman foundation adjacent to a Medieval Fortress).

Entrance to the “Iglesia Santa Maria” hosting the poster exhibition
Inside the former church
Sailors’ Telegram self-help groups have helped disentangle sailors and orcas
Scale model of an orca outside the symposium venue
Panel discussion on human-orca interaction on February 20, 2025