Figures for East Pacific inverse work

AOML XBT dataset figures, etc.

Other relevant pages:
  • Winds
  • Rossby model
  • Sverdrup Balance
  • Mountain-gap winds (NSCAT!)
  • Quikscat winds
  • Bv=fdw/dz page
  • Coastal BC page
  • McCreary model page (grunter and TJ models)
  • Drifter page
  • Southern Tsuchiya Jet page
  • Paper figures page
  • Talk pages: AGU  Feb 01 talks

  • Page for ETP review work

  • Jump down to annual cycle
    1. AOML XBT Profile distribution
      1. Locations of profiles  
      2. Total count of profiles   Grayscale   Grayscale (NH)
      3. Depth extent of profiles
      4. Profile distribution by years  By months
      5. Profile locations year by year: 1979-84  1985-90  1991-96
      6. Profile locations month by month: January-June  July-December  Seasonal
      7. Bimonthly count of profiles
      8. Number of months with N profiles: N= 1   2   3   4   5   1 (NH)
      9. Hofmuller of profile dots along 13°-15°N
      10. Seasonal count of profiles along the coast
      11. Profiles near Peru

      12. K90 interannual distribution: 
        Percent bimonths filled   Z20 along equator   Z20 along equator (average 3°S-3°N)

    2. Some checks on various regions (dot diagrams)
      1. Locations of profiles near the CR Dome  Larger region
      2. Region along 120°W near 15°N: SST  100m  200m  300m  400m  
      3. Wavy region along 3.5°N: Overall  surface  50m  200m
      4. Z22 along 14°N: Data  Anomalies  Seasonal
    3. Average quantities
      1. Mean SST and isotherm depths (E of 105°W)  (to 120°W, including Z12 and Z10)
          SST and Z20 to 120°W  (overlay Ug)  Overlay SST and Z20
          Min SST/Max T(300m)
      2. Mean 20°C depth
      3. Thickness: Z20 and Z12: Z12  Z20 on Z12  Z12 on Z20   Thickness: 24°C-14°C    20°C-12°C
          More thickness: Z24-20-14-12
          Even more thickness (Compare Wyrtki 1967): Z13 and Z19 depths   Z13 and Z19 thickness
      4. Mean temperatures at various levels: 50-100-150m  200-250-300m
            Wire diagrams of Z12 and Z20: K90  AOML
      5. Mean and RMS of Reynolds SST (SWCA)

      6. Meridional sections of T and Ug:  95°W   110°W   110°W (extend to 25°N)
          Combined meridional sections: Temperature  Overlay Ug contours  Rel 450m: Overlay Ug contours Overlay T on Ug
          Sections at 116°W and 111°W (weakening of NECC): T and Ug  Difference 116°W - 111°W

      7. Zonal sections:
          T, Vg, Ug:  2.5°N  3.5°N  4.5°N  5.5°N  6.5°N  7.5°N  8.5°N  9.5°N  10.5°N  11.5°N  12.5°N  13.5°N  14.5°N  15.5°N  16.5°N  17.5°N  18.5°N  19.5°N  20.5°N
          To 450m:  1.5°N  2.5°N  3.5°N  4.5°N  5.5°N  6.5°N  7.5°N  8.5°N  9.5°N  10.5°N  11.5°N  12.5°N  13.5°N  14.5°N  15.5°N  16.5°N  17.5°N  18.5°N  19.5°N  20.5°N
          From K90 XBT: At 8°N
          Zonal sections of Vg (with handmade transport totals):  9°N    13°N    20°N   8.5°N (T and V only)
            Combined zonal sections of T
            T and Vg (Rel 450m) with Curl   Also overlay (B/f)Int(Vg)dz on CTOF  Along the Z20 ridgeline
        Sections along the thermocline ridge (CCT) near 10°N and trough (CCR) near 5°N:
            (some confusion about labeling on plots, but best is Wyrtki's notation based on dynamic height): 
            Positions of ridges and troughs:  Mean positions on Z20   Seasonal positions: From Z20   From DH
            Latitude of the Z20 ridge (CCT): CCT on mean Z20  Seasonal CCT  CCT(x,t)  Smoothed  
            Mean T and Vg along CCT: From mean CCT  From time-dependent CCT
            Mean T and Vg along CCR: From time-dependent CCR
            Positive and negative meridional transports

      8. Mean DH and Ug:  Overlay Ug on mean DH    Rel 450m    V2
             Unsmoothed (old version)    Smoothed (old version)    Mean Ug (full region)
             Compare mean DH and Sverdrup pressure
             DH+Ug AMJ/OND   K90
             Advective pathline around CR Dome
      9. Mean velocity components:  Surface rel 300m Overlay other component

      10. Subsurface DH and Ug:  Sfc and 100m
          Sfc rel 100 and 100 rel 300m: Overlaid DH contours  Color fields  Grayscale  Rel 450m
          Geostrophic divergence: Contours over DH  Color fill  Overlay other level
          Sfc and on Sigma-t=26 (MSF): T and Sigma-t along 100°W   Depth of 14°C and Sigma-t=26   T and S on Sigma-t=26   DH/MSP and currents at sfc and Sigma-t=26  
          Currents on isotherms: 11°C  12°C  13°C  14°C  16°C  17°C  18°C  20°C  22°C  24°C  
          DH and Ug at levels from 50-400m  Circulation at 300m (12°S-12°N)  Without vectors as published
          Deep zonal currents at 110°W (Compare Rowe et al Fig 1): 200-450m  0-450m

      11. Integrated pressure and geostrophic transport:
             Pressure   Rel 450m
             P and Vectors   Vectors only
             Integrated transport components    Overlay region boundaries
             Transport by regions:   Vectors    Correct aspect ratio    Transport components    Double vectors
             Original regions:   Vectors    Correct aspect ratio    Scaled in Sverdrups    Transport components
             Transport below 17°C (Rel 450m):   Mean depth of Z17  Transport vectors  y-integrated zonal transport
                  Compare with sfc DH:  Vectors over DH   DH over Vectors!
                  Vertically-integrated divergence (above and below Z17)  w above and below Z17
             Comparing Ekman and geostrophic transports:   Components   Vectors
                      Components over smaller ranges: 200m  150m  100m  80m  60m  40m
             K90: DH and Integ. P  Ug: Sfc and Vertical average  Currents on Z12 and Z20  

      12. Compare AOML XBT vs Kessler 90 and Levitus data sets:
             K90 mean Z20: Pacific  N. Pacific
             Mean 20°C depth (overlay AOML on K90)
             1 cpy amplitude and phase of 20°C depth
             Mean DH  Kessler 90    K90 vs AOML
             Seasonal cycle DH+Ug:  AOML    K90
        Levitus dynamic height:
             Whole Pacific:  Rel 1000m    Rel 300m
                 N Pacific:   Rel 300-500-1000m  Value at 8.5°N,91.5°W subtracted
                 N Pacific:   300m SWCA
        Levitus integrated pressure:  Rel 1000m    Rel 500m

      13. Fabrice Bonjean velocities

      14. Compare DH from mean TS vs using obs SSS in ML:
        Mean MLD based on dT/dz=0.06    Difference in Ug mean vectors
        Differences in Ug y-t sections:  115°W-105°W  105°W-95°W  95°W-85°W  

      15. Compare DH from mean TS vs from EPIC CTDs:
        CTD DH rel 300m: 110°W  95°W  95°W all locations
        Comparison of mean DH: 110°W  95°W

      16. SST and OLR (from Reynolds): SWCA  Pacific

      17. Vertical Temperature gradient maximum (compare K90 and AOML): AOML  K90
                Another version (forgot I did this only 1 month ago!):
                K90: dT/dz  z at dT/dz  T at dT/dz  AOML: dT/dz  z at dT/dz  T at dT/dz  
    4. The annual cycle SW of Central America

      1. Annual cycle total RMS of Z20
      2. Temperatures and DH:
             SST Observed    Anomalies    Larger region (to 120°W)    Full region    SST along the coast:  Observed   Anomalies
             Z24 Observed    Anomalies    Anomalies + obs
             Z20 Observed    Anomalies    Anomalies + obs    Extend to 120°W:   Observed    Anomalies    Along coast
             Z14 Observed    Anomalies    Anomalies + obs
             DH Observed    Anomalies    To 120°W:  Observed    Anomalies    Anomalies (DH from SSS)
             Thickness 24°C-14°C    20°C-12°C
             DH (large region) Observed    Filled    Anomalies
             DH and overlaid Ug vectors   Zonal component only   Meridional component only
             Bimonthly DH and overlaid Ug vectors
      3. Correlation between Z20 and SST
      4. Reference sections:
            Some hofmuller diagrams of Z20:  8.5°N-19.5°N    20.5°S-9.5°S
            Zonal sections of Z20 (obs and anomalies):  Eq  2°N  3°N  4°N  5°N  6°N  7°N  8°N  9°N  10°N  11°N  12°N  13°N  14°N  15°N  16°N  17°N  18°N  19°N  20°N  21°N  22°N 
            Meridional sections of Z20 (obs and anomalies):  115°W  110°W  105°W  100°W  95°W  90°W  85°W
            Same meridional sections (Kessler 90 XBT data):  115°W  110°W  105°W  100°W  95°W  90°W  85°W 
               A few further west:   125°W  145°W  165°W
            Meridional profiles of Z20 for mean, April and October  Twiddled: Eq-25°N, etc

      5. Currents (Quarterly):
            Vectors: Surface    50m    100m    150m
             Ug maps:   Surface    50m    100m    150m
             Vg maps:   Surface    50m    100m    150m
             Ug sections:   110°W     95°W
        Current anomalies:
             Vectors:   Surface
             Ug maps:   Surface    50m    100m    150m
             Vg maps:   Surface    50m    100m    150m
             Ug sections:   110°W     95°W

      6. SST advection:   Mean   Amp/Phase of dT/dt and u*Grad(T)   Correlation
             Geostrophic particle advection:   One year of advection    Colors change every three months

      7. Mixed layer depth: MLD stats  Correlations: MLD and SST  MLD and Z20  1 cpy harmonics: MLD  Z20

      8. Seasonal cycle at the surface:
            Xie-Arkin rainfall:  4 seasons of rain   (y-t) sections: 90°W  95°W  100°W  100°W (with SST)  (with SST anomalies)
            Levitus SSS:  SSS  SSS anomalies  Sigma-t  Sigma-t anomalies

      9. Annual harmonics:
             1st harmonic of 20°C depth   Overlay mean Z20  Modern version
             1 and 2 cpy amplitude and phase of 20°C depth
             1 and 2 cpy amplitude and phase of 20°C depth near the CR dome
             1 cpy amplitude and phase of SST
             1 cpy amplitude and phase of 60m temperature
             1 cpy temperature maximum (fn of z)
             Harmonics shown by vectors:   Z20 1 and 2 cpy    d(Z20)/dt 1 cpy   
                Z20 Harmonics from K90: AOML and K90 XBT Z20 overlaid
                K90 Z20 alone:  SWCA  Pacific
                FSU Curl 1 and 2 cpy
                FSU: d(Z20)/dt and Curl 1 cpy    d(Z20)/dt and Curl(Tau/f) 1 cpy   Curl(Tau/f) 1 cpy Mean/Amp/Phase/VarFrac
                ERS: d(Z20)/dt and Curl(Tau/f)  Overlay mean Z20    Curl(Tau/f) 1 cpy Mean/Amp/Phase/VarFrac
             (See more Curl harmonics on the Wind page )
            Check effect of smoothing data on harmonic calculation: Amplitude  Phase
            Amplitude and phase of 2nd harmonic (redone)
            Compare total RMS to annual harmonics
            Amplitude ratio of 1st to 2nd annual harmonics
            Phase of the 1 cpy harmonic of Z20 along the coast   Better version: Z20 harmonic
            SST annual harmonic (compare Curl(Tau/f):
              Reynolds  SST vs ERS Curl(Tau/f)  ERS Curl(Tau) and Curl(Tau/f)  Overlay Reynolds SST  Time series in CR dome
            Wavelength of Z20 1 cpy propagation    Overlay wavenumber vectors
            Page showing harmonic fitting checks

      10. TAO Z20 harmonics:
             Meridional sections: 95°W 110°W 125°W 140°W 155°W 170°W 165°E  Combined Combined SST 
             Zonal sections: Equator 2°N 5°N 8°N Combined
             Details along 95°W: Observations Anomalies Harmonic Residual Time series on Eq

      11. Some results from a coastal section along Central America:
          First set are old:
             The coastal section defined
             Bimonthly temperatures
             Bimonthly temperature anomalies
             Bimonthly temperatures (detail)
             Bimonthly temperature anomalies (detail)
             1 and 2 cpy temperature variations on a section along the C.A. coast
          Newer versions:
             Mean T   Z20(t)   Z15(t)  
    5. Reynolds SST stuff
      1. Compare Reynolds vs AOML annual cycle of SST:  Annual cycle RMS  Ratio of annual cycle RMS
      2. Bimonthly SST anomalies
      3. Mean and RMS of Reynolds SST (SWCA) (repeat from top)
      4. SST RMS in bands: RMS   Grayscale   Overlay Z20   Variance fractions
      5. SST advection: Mean
          Quarterly: Reynolds   AOML SST
          Monthly: Reynolds   AOML SST   AOML SST (unfiltered)
    6. Comparison of gridding on depth or on isotherm depths
      1. Mean depth of 26°C
      2. Mean depth of 20°C
      3. 17°C along 7°S
      4. 26°C along 7°S
      5. 26°C along 5°N
      6. 26°C along 12°N
      7. 26°C along 105°W
    7. Low-S tongue (and other stuff) from Levitus
      1. T and S on isopycnals (listed by Sigma-t values):  23.5   24   24.5   25   25.5   26   26.3   26.5   27   
      2. The surface isopycnal region near 15°-30°S in the eastern Pacific: 
        Surface T,S,Sigma-t  T,S,Sigma-t along 100°W (same color levels as surface plot  Overlay T,S,Sigma-t along 100°W  
      3. Also see plots of the mean TS along sections
      4. CTD observations from EPIC: 1by1 grid  2by1 grid
    8. PV stuff (Some Levitus and some XBT)
      1. XBT
        1. PV maps on isopycnals: Sigma-t =  22   23   24   25   25.5   26
        2. PV maps on isotherms (f/H): 14°C  16°C  18°C  20°C  22°C  24°C  
        3. PV meridional sections (with Ug and Sigma-t):  115°W  110°W  105°W  100°W  95°W  90°W
        4. PV zonal sections:  3.5°N  4.5°N  5.5°N  6.5°N  7.5°N  8.5°N  9.5°N  10.5°N  11.5°N  12.5°N  13.5°N  14.5°N  15.5°N  
        5. Some details along 8.5°N: PV    Relative vorticity    (dRHO/dz)/RHO0
      2. Levitus
        1. PV on isopycnals, with MSF (Levitus, N Pacific): Sigma-theta =  23.5  24  24.5  24.5 (overlay FSU curl)  25  25.5  26  
        2. PV on isopycnals, with MSF (Levitus, SWCA): Sigma-theta =  23.5  24  24.5  25  25.5  26  
        3. PV and MSf along 105°W (Levitus)
      3. Beta v = f dw/dz    See the Bv = fdw/dz page

    9. Interannual isotherm depth variations
      1. Number of profiles by latitude and year: 3.5°S-5.5°N  6.5°N-15.5°N
      2. Z15: 3.5°S  2.5°S  1.5°S  0.5°S  0.5°N  1.5°N  2.5°N  3.5°N  4.5°N  5.5°N  6.5°N  7.5°N  8.5°N  9.5°N  10.5°N  11.5°N
      3. Z20: 3.5°S  2.5°S  1.5°S  0.5°S  0.5°N  1.5°N  2.5°N  3.5°N  4.5°N  5.5°N  6.5°N  7.5°N  8.5°N  9.5°N  10.5°N  11.5°N  12.5°N  13.5°N  14.5°N  15.5°N
      4. Z25: 1.5°N  2.5°N  3.5°N  4.5°N  5.5°N  6.5°N  7.5°N  8.5°N  9.5°N  10.5°N  11.5°N 
      5. Different versions at 8.5°N: Z20 Z14 Z12 
        Zonal sections of temperature:
      6. Observations:  0.5°S   0.5°N   1.5°N   2.5°N   3.5°N   4.5°N   5.5°N   6.5°N   7.5°N   8.5°N   9.5°N   10.5°N   11.5°N   12.5°N   13.5°N   14.5°N   15.5°N   16.5°N   17.5°N   18.5°N   19.5°N   20.5°N
      7. Anomalies:      0.5°S   0.5°N   1.5°N   2.5°N   3.5°N   4.5°N   5.5°N   6.5°N   7.5°N   8.5°N   9.5°N   10.5°N   11.5°N   12.5°N   13.5°N   14.5°N   15.5°N   16.5°N   17.5°N   18.5°N   19.5°N   20.5°N
      8. Displacement:  0.5°S   0.5°N   1.5°N   2.5°N   3.5°N   4.5°N   5.5°N   6.5°N   7.5°N   8.5°N   9.5°N   10.5°N   11.5°N   12.5°N   13.5°N   14.5°N   15.5°N   16.5°N   17.5°N   18.5°N   19.5°N   20.5°N
    10. Clouds/solar radiation/heat balance stuff
      1. ISCCP mean clouds: E Pacific total  SWCA clouds by type  Overlay Z20  
      2. ISCCP annual cycle: Total cloud  Low cloud  Middle cloud  High cloud  
      3. ISCCP annual cycle anomalies: Total cloud  Low cloud  Middle cloud  High cloud  
      4. Qsw annual cycle: NE Pacific  Anomalies
      5. ISCCP annual cycle near CR dome: 9°N,92°W  9°N,90°W  9°N,89°W  
      6. Mean heat fluxes (including advection): All terms  Sfc terms (ERS) (Qsw,Qlat,Qlw)  Sfc terms (ECMWF, Qsw,Qlat)  Net sfc, advective and total  Geostrophic vs Ekman advection  
          Check Latent HF (Tair = SST - 1)
          Quikscat: All HF terms  Rel 300m  Net Sfc and Advection  Overlay SST  Compare QS and ERS terms
      7. Geostrophic advective heat flux (udT/dx+vdT/dy+wdT/dz):
          On level surfaces: 50m  100m  150m  200m  250m  300m  350m
          On isotherms: 10°C  12°C  15°C  17°C  20°C  22°C  24°C  25°C  26°C
      8. Solar radiation near CR dome: Qsw at 9°N,90°W  with dSST/dt  2-year plot
      9. Windspeed near CR dome:
            ECMWF: Mean windspeed  Overlay Z20  Overlay Z20 and SST  Annual cycle
            TAO SST and windspeed at 8°N,95°W: 31 DRM  5 DRM  Both  Annual cycles
            TAO dSST/dt and windspeed at 8°N,95°W: 31 DRM  5 DRM  Annual cycles
      10. 1 cpy harmonics of heat balance quantities:
        SST (AOML)  SST (Reynolds)  dSST/dt  
        Qsw  ISCCP clouds: Total  Low  Middle  High
        ECMWF windspeed  ECMWF latent heat flux  ERS windspeed  ERS latent heat flux  Net longwave radiation  
        Qsw+Qlatent: Q  Q/rho*Cp*Hmix
        Justify use of constant values for longwave and LHF calculations:RH  SST-Tair  
    11. SVP Drifter stuff (Also see the Drifters page)
      1. Basinwide count of drifters by 1°x1° bins
      2. Mean drifter velocity within 30°S-30°N
      3. Drifter count and mean velocity in NE tropical Pacific
      4. Compare drifter and XBT geostrophic currents in NE tropical Pacific    Smooth drifters w 5-pt triangle in x    Vector comparison    Component differences

    12. Comparison with models
      1. Bimonthly SST anomalies from Ragu model
      2. Bimonthly SST anomalies from Chen/Kessler model

      3. Mean and RMS of Z20 from exp-82
      4. Amplitude and Phase of Z20 from exp-82

      5. Bimonthly Z20 from exp-16.ragu
      6. Bimonthly Z20 from exp-82.mambo
      7. Bimonthly Z20 anomalies from exp-16.ragu
      8. Bimonthly Z20 anomalies from exp-82.mambo

      9. Quarterly "Z20" from Zuojun's model (thickness of 2 upper layers)
      10. Quarterly Z20 from Exp-82    Anomalies

      11. Compare G/C model and AOML XBT means: SST    Z20    Z20 w mean zonal slope removed    T(x,z) along 8.5°N

        -> Comparisons along 9°N

      12. Observed (Reynolds) SST
      13. Model (exp-82) SST
      14. Model (exp-16r) SST
      15. Observed (AOML XBT) Z20
      16. Model (exp-82) Z20
      17. Model (exp-16r) Z20

        -> Comparisons between the two models

      18. Zonal winds SW of CA
      19. Meridional winds SW of CA
      20. Vector winds SW of CA

      21. Rossby waves on a tilted coast:  RW rays and phase (tilted coast WKB solution)   
    13. Mean sections for Steve Esbensen
      1. Mean meridional sections of T at 110°W and 95°W
      2. Meridional sections of T at 110°W and 95°W; Mean March-April
      3. Meridional sections of T at 110°W and 95°W; Mean September-October
    14. Old bimonthly plots and various shit
      1. Bimonthly SST    Anomalies
      2. Bimonthly 20°C depth    Bimonthly anomalies    Monthly anomalies
      3. Bimonthly 20°C depth over a larger region
      4. Bimonthly DH and Ug anomalies    Bimonthly DH over a larger region
      5. Quarterly Ug anomalies over the large region
      Back to Kessler main figures page
      Back to Kessler home page