Macroeconomic Policy in Closed and Open Economies

Fabio Ghironi

Department of Economics
Boston College
Administration Building 473
Chestnut Hill, MA 02467-3806

Phone: 1-617-552-3686
Fax: 1-617-552-2308
E-mail: Fabio.Ghironi@bc.edu
Web page: http://www2.bc.edu/~ghironi

This version: January 27, 2003


Introduction, Readings, Useful Links

Introduction

This web page is an outgrowth of the syllabus of the second-year, Ph.D. course in Monetary Economics that I taught at Boston College in the Fall of 2001. That syllabus contained an extensive reading list on several topics in monetary economics as well as a set of useful links. It was meant to be a resource for my students. It quickly became a resource also for myself and for a number of other scholars outside the Boston College community, several of whom honored me with their compliments or by including links to my syllabus in their web page.

This web page contains an updated version of the reading list in the original syllabus and of the links. Boston College students who are taking my second-year, Ph.D. course on "Macroeconomic Policy in Closed and Open Economies" must use this page in conjunction with the course syllabus.

I hope you will find this page as useful as it has been for me. Comments are welcome, as well as suggestions of additional links for inclusion and the indication of links that no longer work and/or of references that should be updated. E-mail me at Fabio.Ghironi@bc.edu.
 

Readings on Macroeconomic Policy in Closed and Open Economies


Preface
Introduction
Models of Money
Evidence on the Effects of Monetary Policy
Money and Output: Real Effects of Monetary Policy through Price Stickiness
Limited Participation vs. Sticky Prices
The Financial Accelerator
Time Inconsistency, Rules vs. Discretion, Transparency
Should Central Banks Follow Friedman's Zero Interest Rate Rule?
Alternative Interest Rate Rules: Introduction
Determinacy
Inflation, Welfare, and Optimal Monetary Policy/Interest Rate Rules
Price Stability in the Policy Debate
Inflation Targeting
More on Optimal Monetary Policy, Comparison of Rules, and Rules vs. Discretion Revisited
Monetary Policy and Asset Bubbles
Evidence on Interest Rate Rules
Indeterminacy, Liquidity Traps, the Zero Bound: Drawbacks of Interest Rate Rules?
Monetary Policy Without Money
Parameter Uncertainty, Model Uncertainty, Measurement Errors
Learning
The Open Economy Framework
Monetary Policy Rules in Open Economies
Monetary Rules for Emerging Market Economies
Fiscal Policy and Inflation
Optimal Monetary and Fiscal Policy
Political Economy of Inflation

Preface

Four published books provide extensive surveys of several topics in this page:

Bernanke, Ben S., Thomas Laubach, Frederic S. Mishkin, and Adam S. Posen, 1999: Inflation Targeting: Lessons from the International Experience, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Mankiw, N. Gregory (ed.), 1994: Monetary Policy, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Taylor, John B. (ed.), 1999: Monetary Policy Rules, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Walsh, Carl E., 1998: Monetary Theory and Policy, Cambridge: MIT Press.

Below, I refer to these books as BetAL99, MANKIW94, TAYLOR99, and WALSH98, respectively. In addition, I mention other volumes in various places. Particularly important is Michael Woodford's manuscript on Interest and Prices: Foundations of a Theory of Monetary Policy (forthcoming, Princeton University Press).

Following is an incomplete list of papers on the topics mentioned in the table above. Papers that are highlighted by writing the name of the author(s) in boldface green fonts are those among which my students can choose for their referee report exercises.

The list includes links to downloadable files for a number of papers. You should be able to access several of those published in journals through JSTOR or RePec. If you have the proper subscriptions, you should also be able to access papers published in the Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, the Journal of Monetary Economics, and the Journal of International Economics from the journals' web sites. (I suggest you browse recent volumes for additional readings that are not listed below.) For some published papers, I included links to working paper versions.

In addition to the papers in the list, John Taylor's "Monetary Policy Rule Home Page" is an excellent reference source. It also contains a number of interesting links.
 

Introduction

    Cooley, Thomas F., and Gary D. Hansen (1995): "Money and the Business Cycle," in Cooley, Thomas F. (ed.), Frontiers of Business Cycle Research, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
    Friedman, Milton (1968): "The Role of Monetary Policy," American Economic Review 58: 1-17 (link: JSTOR).
    Goodfriend, Marvin S. (2000): "Maintaining Low Inflation: Rationale and Reality," unpublished manuscript, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.
    Greenspan, Alan (1999): "Opening Remarks," in New Challenges for Monetary Policy, proceedings of a symposium organized by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City.
    King, Mervyn (1999): "Challenges for Monetary Policy: New and Old," in New Challenges for Monetary Policy, proceedings of a symposium organized by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City (with John B. Taylor's commentary and the general discussion).
    Walsh, Carl E. (1998): "Empirical Evidence on Money and Output," Chapter 1 in WALSH98.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Models of Money

    Aiyagari, S. Rao, Neil Wallace, and Randall Wright (1996): "Coexistence of Money and Interest-Bearing Securities," Journal of Monetary Economics 37: 397-419.
    Brock, William A. (1974): "Money and Growth: The Case of Long-Run Perfect Foresight," International Economic Review 15: 750-777 (link: JSTOR).
    Bullard, James, and Bruce D. Smith (2000): "The Value of Inside and Outside Money," Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WP 2000-027B.
    Camera, Gabriele, and Dean Corbae (1999): "Money and Price Dispersion," International Economic Review 40: 985-1008.
    Camera, Gabriele, Ben Craig, and Christopher J. Waller (2001): "Dollarization via Currency Substitution," unpublished manuscript, Purdue University, Federal Reserve of Cleveland, and University of Kentucky.
    Camera, Gabriele, Robert R. Reed, and Christopher J. Waller (2000): "Jack of All Trades or Master of One? Specialization, Trade and Money," unpublished manuscript, Purdue University and University of Kentucky (authors 2 and 3).
    Cavalcanti, Ricardo de O., and Neil Wallace (1999): "Inside and Outside Money as Alternative Media of Exchange," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 31: 443-457.
    Friedman, Milton (1969): "The Optimum Quantity of Money," in Friedman, Milton (ed.), The Optimum Quantity of Money and Other Essays, Chicago: Aldine.
    Kiyotaki, Nobuhiro, and Randall Wright (1989): "On Money as a Medium of Exchange," Journal of Political Economy 97: 927-954 (link: JSTOR).
    Kiyotaki, Nobuhiro, and Randall Wright (1993): "A Search-Theoretic Approach to Monetary Economics," American Economic Review 83: 63-77 (link: JSTOR).
    Lagos, Ricardo, and Randall Wright (2001): "A New Framework for Monetary Theory and Policy Analysis," unpublished manuscript, New York University and University of Pennsylvania.
    Lucas, Robert E., Jr. (1982): "Interest Rates and Currency Prices in a Two-Country World," Journal of Monetary Economics 10: 335-359.
    Lucas, Robert E., Jr., and Nancy L. Stokey (1987): "Money and Interest in a Cash-in-advance Economy," Econometrica 55: 491-514 (link: JSTOR).
    Matsuyama, Kiminori, Nobuhiro Kiyotaki, and Akihiro Matsui (1993): "Toward a Theory of International Currency," Review of Economic Studies 60: 283-307.
    Rupert, Peter, Martin Schindler, Andrei Schevchenko, and Randall Wright (2000): "The Search-Theoretic Approach to Monetary Economics: A Primer," unpublished manuscript, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland and University of Pennsylvania (authors 2-4). (Note: This paper is also an excellent source of references on this topic.)
    Samuelson, Paul A. (1958): "An Exact Consumption-Loan Model of Interest with or without the Social Contrivance of Money," Journal of Political Economy 66: 467-482 (link: JSTOR).
    Sargent, Thomas J. (1987): Dynamic Macroeconomic Theory, Cambridge: Harvard University Press (chapters 4-7; see chapters 4 and 5 on MIUF and CIA models).
    Sidrauski, Miguel (1967): "Rational Choice and Patterns of Growth in a Monetary Economy," American Economic Review 57: 534-544 (link: JSTOR).
    Svensson, Lars E. O. (1985): "Money and Asset Prices in a Cash-in-Advance Economy," Journal of Political Economy 93: 919-944 (link: JSTOR).
    Townsend, Robert M. (1980): "Models of Money with Spatially Separated Agents," in Kareken, John H., and Neil Wallace (eds.), Models of Monetary Economies, Minneapolis: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
    Trejos, Alberto, and Randall Wright (1995): "Search, Bargaining, Money and Prices," Journal of Political Economy 103: 118-141 (link: JSTOR).
    Trejos, Alberto, and Randall Wright (2001): "International Currency," Advances in Macroeconomics: Vol. 1: No. 1, Article 3.
    Wallace, Neil (1998): "Short-Run and Long-Run Effects of Changes in Money in a Random-Matching Model," Journal of Political Economy 105: 1293-1307 (link: JSTOR).
    Wallace, Neil (2001): "Whither Monetary Economics?," International Economic Review, forthcoming.
    Walsh, Carl E. (1998): "Money in a General Equilibrium Framework," Chapter 2 in WALSH98.
    Walsh, Carl E. (1998): "Money and Transactions," Chapter 3 in WALSH98.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Evidence on the Effects of Monetary Policy

    Bernanke, Ben S., and Ilian Mihov (1995): "Measuring Monetary Policy," NBER WP 5145.
    Bernanke, Ben S., and Ilian Mihov (1998): "The Liquidity Effect and Long-Run Neutrality," NBER WP 6608.
    Faust, Jon (1998): “The Robustness of Identified VAR Conclusions About Money,” Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy 49: 207-244 (with Harald Uhlig's comment, pp. 245-263).
    Blanchard, Olivier, and Danny Quah (1989): “The Dynamic Effects of Aggregate Demand and Supply Disturbances,” American Economic Review 79: 655-673.
    Christiano, Lawrence J., Martin Eichenbaum, and Charles Evans (1996): “The Effects of Monetary Policy Shocks: Evidence from the Flow of Funds,” Review of Economics and Statistics 78: 16-34.
    Christiano, Lawrence J., Martin Eichenbaum, and Charles Evans (1999): “Monetary Policy Shocks: What Have We Learned and To What End?” in John B. Taylor and Michael Woodford (eds.), Handbook of Macroeconomics, Amsterdam: North-Holland (link: L. Christiano's web page).
    Cochrane, John H. (1998): "What Do the VARs Mean? Measuring the Output Effects of Monetary Policy," Journal of Monetary Economics 41: 277-300.
    Eichenbaum, Martin (1992): "Comments: 'Interpreting the Macroeconomic Time Series Facts: The Effects of Monetary Policy' by Christopher Sims,” European Economic Review 36: 1001-1011.
    Faust, Jon, and Eric Leeper (1997): "When Do Long-Run Identifying Restrictions Give Reliable Results?" Journal of Business Economics and Statistics 15: 345-354.
    Gordon, David, and Eric Leeper (1994): "The Dynamic Impacts of Monetary Policy: An Exercise in Tentative Identification," Journal of Political Economy 102: 1228-1247.
    Ireland, Peter N. (1999): "A Method for Taking Models to the Data," Boston College Economics Department WP 421.
    Leeper, Eric M., Christopher A. Sims, and Tao Zha (1996): "What Does Monetary Policy Do?" Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 2: 1-63 (with Ben S. Bernanke's discussion, pp. 69-73; link: C.A. Sims' web page).
    Mankiw, N. Gregory (2000): "The Inexorable and Mysterious Tradeoff Between Inflation and Unemployment," NBER WP 7884.
    McCallum, Bennett T. (1999): "Analysis of the Monetary Transmission Mechanism: Methodological Issues," unpublished manuscript, Carnegie Mellon University.
    Romer, Christina D., and David H. Romer (1989): "Does Monetary Policy Matter? A New Test in the Spirit of Friedman and Schwartz," in Olivier J. Blanchard and Stanley Fischer (eds.), NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1989, Cambridge: MIT Press (link: NBER WP version).
    Romer, Christina D., and David H. Romer (1990): "New Evidence on the Monetary Transmission Mechanism," Brookings papers on Economic Activity 1: 149-198 (link: NBER WP version).
    Rudebusch, Glenn (1997): "Do Measures of Monetary Policy in a VAR Make Sense?" Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 2: ??? (with Christopher A. Sims' discussion; link: C.A. Sims' web page).
    Sims, Christopher A. (1972): "Money, Income and Causality," American Economic Review 62: 540-552.
    Sims, Christopher A. (1980): “Macroeconomics and Reality,” Econometrica 48: 1-48.
    Sims, Christopher A. (1992): “Interpreting the Macroeconomic Time Series Facts: The Effects of Monetary Policy,” European Economic Review 36: 975-1000.
    Sims, Christopher A., and Tao Zha (1996): "Does Monetary Policy Generate Recessions?" unpublished manuscript, Princeton University and Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    Strongin, S. (1995): “The Identification of Monetary Policy Disturbances: Explaining the Liquidity Puzzle,” Journal of Monetary Economics 35: 463-497.
    Uhlig, Harald (2001): “What Are the Effects of Monetary Policy? Results from an Agnostic Identification Procedure,” unpublished manuscript, Humboldt University.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Money and Output: Real Effects of Monetary Policy through Price Stickiness

I strongly recommend the following background reading on the topic of this section: David Romer, "Microeconomic Foundations of Incomplete Nominal Adjustment," Chapter 6 in Advanced Macroeconomics, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1996.

    Blanchard, Olivier J., and Nobuhiro Kiyotaki (1983): "Monopolistic Competition and the Effects of Aggregate Demand," American Economic Review 77: 647-666.
    Blinder, Alan S. (1994): "On Sticky Prices: Academic Theories Meet the Real World," in MANKIW94 (with Olivier J. Blanchard's comment).
    Calvo, Guillermo A. (1983): "Staggered Prices in a Utility Maximizing Framework," Journal of Monetary Economics 12: 383-398.
    Caplin, Andrew, and John Leahy (1991): "State-Dependent Pricing and the Dynamics of Money and Output," Quarterly Journal of Economics 106: 683-708.
    Caplin, Andrew, and John Leahy (1997): "Aggregation and Optimization with State-Dependent Pricing," Econometrica 65: 601-625.
    Caplin, Andrew, and Daniel Spulber (1987): "Menu Costs and the Neutrality of Money, " Quarterly Journal of Economics 102: 703-725.
    Chari, V. V., Patrick J. Kehoe, and Ellen R. McGrattan (2000): "Sticky price Models of the Business Cycle: Can the Contract Multiplier Solve the Persistence Problem?" Econometrica 68: 1151-1179 (link: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Staff Report version).
    Christiano, Lawrence J., Martin Eichenbaum, and Charles Evans (2001): "Nominal Rigidities and the Dynamic Effects of a Shock to Monetary Policy," NBER WP 8403.
    Dotsey, Michael, Robert G. King, and Alexander L. Wolman (1999): "State Dependent Pricing and the General Equilibrium Dynamics of Money and Output," Quarterly Journal of Economics 114: 655-690.
    Fuhrer, Jeff, and George Moore (1995): "Inflation Persistence," Quarterly Journal of Economics 110: 127-159.
    Galí, Jordi, and Mark Gertler (1999): "Inflation Dynamics: A Structural Econometric Analysis," Journal of Monetary Economics 44: 195-222.
    Goodfriend, Marvin S., and Robert G. King (1997): "The New Neoclassical Synthesis and the Role of Monetary Policy," in Ben S. Bernanke and Julio J. Rotemberg (eds.), NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1997, Cambridge: MIT Press (with Olivier J. Blanchard's comments; link: Federal Reserve of Richmond WP version).
    Hairault, Jean-Olivier and Franck Portier (1993): "Money, New-Keynesian Macroeconomics and the Business Cycle," European Economic Review 37: 1533-1568.
    Ireland, Peter N. (2000): "Money’s Role in the Monetary Business Cycle," Boston College Economics Department WP 458.
    Ireland, Peter N. (2001): "Sticky-Price Models of the Business Cycle: Specification and Stability," Journal of Monetary Economics 47: 3-18 (link: BC WP version).
    Ireland, Peter N. (2001): "Endogenous Money or Sticky Prices?," Boston College Economics Department WP 499.
    Lucas, Robert E., Jr. (1972): "Expectations and the Neutrality of Money," Journal of Economic Theory 4: 103-124.
    Mankiw, N. Gregory, and Ricardo Reis (2001): "Sticky Information versus Sticky Prices: A Proposal to Replace the New Keynesian Phillips Curve," NBER WP 8290.
    McCallum, Bennett T., and Edward Nelson (1999): "An Optimizing IS-LM Specification for Monetary Policy ad Business Cycle Analysis," Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking 31: 296-316 (link: NBER WP version).
    Nelson, Edward (1998): "Sluggish Inflation and Optimizing Models of the Business Cycle," Journal of Monetary Economics 42: 303-322.
    Roberts, John M. (2001): "How Well Does the New Keynesian Sticky-Price Model Fit the Data?" Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Staff WP 2001-13, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    Rotemberg, Julio J. (1982): "Monopolistic Price Adjustment and Aggregate Output," Review of Economic Studies 49: 517-531.
    Rotemberg, Julio J. (1987): "The New Keynesian Microfoundations," in NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1987, Cambridge: MIT Press.
    Rotemberg, Julio J., and Michael Woodford (1999): "The Cyclical Behavior of Prices and Costs," in John B. Taylor and Michael Woodford (eds.), Handbook of Macroeconomics, Amsterdam: Elsevier Science (link: NBER WP version).
    Sbordone, Argia M. (1998): "Prices and Unit Labor Costs: A New Test of Price Stickiness," unpublished manuscript, Rutgers University.
    Sbordone, Argia M. (2001): "An Optimizing Model of U.S. Wage and Price Dynamics," unpublished manuscript, Rutgers University.
    Sims, Christopher A. (1998): "Stickiness," Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy 49: 317-356 (link: C. A. Sims' web page).
    Taylor, John B. (1980): "Aggregate Dynamics and Staggered Contracts," Journal of Political Economy 88: 1-24.
    Taylor, John B. (1999): "Staggered Price and Wage Setting in Macroeconomics," in John B. Taylor and Michael Woodford (eds.), Handbook of Macroeconomics, Amsterdam: Elsevier Science (link: NBER WP version).
    Walsh, Carl E. (1998): "Money and Output in the Short Run," Chapter 5 in WALSH98.
    Woodford, Michael (2001): "Optimizing Models with Nominal Rigidities," Chapter 3 in Interest and Prices, unpublished manuscript, Princeton University.
    Yun, Tack (1996): "Nominal Price Rigidity, Money Supply Endogeneity, and Business Cycles," Journal of Monetary Economics 37: 345-370.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Limited Participation vs. Sticky Prices

    Christiano, Lawrence J., Martin Eichenbaum, and Charles Evans (1997): "Sticky Price and Limited Participation Models of Money: A Comparison," European Economic Review 41: 1201-1249 (link: NBER WP version).
    Cooley, Thomas F., and Vincenzo Quadrini (1999): "A Neoclassical Model of the Phillips Curve Relation," Journal of Monetary Economics 44: 165-193 (link: V. Quadrini's web page).
    Hendry, Scott, and Guang-Jia Zhang (2001): "Liquidity Effects and Market Frictions," Journal of Macroeconomics 23: 153-176.
    Keen, Benjamin D. (2001): "In Search of the Liquidity Effect in a Modern Monetary Model," unpublished manuscript, University of Virginia.
    King, Robert G., and Mark W. Watson (1996): "Money, Prices, Interest Rates, and the Business Cycle," Review of Economics and Statistics 78: 35-53.
    Papadopoulou, Niki X. (2001): "A Model with Sticky Prices and Limited Participation," unpublished manuscript, Boston College.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

The Financial Accelerator

    Bernanke, Ben S., and Mark Gertler (1989): "Agency Costs, Net Worth, and Business Fluctuations," American Economic Review 79: 14-31 (link: JSTOR).
    Bernanke, Ben S., and Mark Gertler (1995): "Inside the Black Box: The Credit Channel of Monetary Transmission," Journal of Economic Perspectives 9: 27-48 (link: NBER WP version).
    Bernanke, Ben S., Mark Gertler, and Simon Gilchrist (1999): "The Financial Accelerator in a Quantitative Business Cycle Framework," in John B. Taylor and Michael Woodford (eds.), Handbook of Macroeconomics, Amsterdam: North-Holland (link: NBER WP version).
    Carlstrom, Charles T., and Timothy S. Fuerst (1997): "Agency Costs, Net Worth, and Business Cycle Fluctuations: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis," American Economic Review 87: 893-910 (link: JSTOR).
    Walsh, Carl E. (1998): "The Credit Channel of Monetary Policy," Chapter 7 in WALSH98.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Time Inconsistency, Rules vs. Discretion, Transparency

    Albanesi, Stefania, V. V. Chari, and Lawrence J. Christiano (2000): "Expectation Traps and Monetary Policy" unpublished manuscript, Northwestern University and University of Minnesota.
    Albanesi, Stefania, V. V. Chari, and Lawrence J. Christiano (2001): "How Severe Is the Time Inconsistency Problem in Monetary Policy?" unpublished manuscript, Northwestern University and University of Minnesota.
    Barro, Robert J., and David B. Gordon (1983a): "A Positive Theory of Monetary Policy in a Natural-Rate Model," Journal of Political Economy 91(4): 589-610 (link: NBER WP version).
    Barro, Robert J., and David B. Gordon (1983b): "Rules, Discretion, and Reputation in a Model of Monetary Policy," Journal of Monetary Economics 12(1): 101-121 (link: NBER WP version).
    Calvo, Guillermo A. (1978): "On the Time Consistency of Optimal Monetary Policy in a Monetary Economy," Econometrica 46(6): 1411-1428.
    Chari, V. V., Lawrence J. Christiano, and Martin Eichenbaum (1998): "Expectation Traps and Discretion," unpublished manuscript, University of Minnesota and Northwestern University.
    Christiano, Lawrence J., and Christopher Gust (2000): "The Expectations Trap Hypothesis," Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    Clarida, Richard, Jordi Galí, and Mark Gertler (1999): "The Science of Monetary Policy: A New Keynesian Perspective," Journal of Economic Literature 37: 1661-1707 (link: M. Gertler's web page).
    Faust, Jon, and Lars E. O. Svensson (1998): "Transparency and Credibility: Monetary Policy with Unobservable Goals," International Economic Review (link: NBER WP version).
    Faust, Jon, and Lars E. O. Svensson (1999): "The Equilibrium Degree of Transparency and Control in Monetary Policy," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, forthcoming (link: NBER WP version).
    Geraats, Petra (2000): "Precommitment, Transparency and Monetary Policy," unpublished manuscript, University of Cambridge.
    Geraats, Petra (2001a): "Why Adopt Transparency? The Publication of Central Bank Forecasts," ECB WP 41.
    Geraats, Petra (2001b): "Transparency of Monetary Policy: Does the Institutional Framework Matter?" unpublished manuscript, University of Cambridge.
    Geraats, Petra (2001c): "Central Bank Transparency," unpublished manuscript, University of Cambridge.
    Ireland, Peter N. (1998): "Expectations, Credibility, and Time-Consistent Monetary Policy," Boston College Economics Department WP 425.
    Ireland, Peter N. (1999): "Does the Time-Consistency Problem Explain the Behavior of Inflation in the United States?" Journal of Monetary Economics 44: 279-291 (link: BC WP version).
    Jensen, Henrik (1999): "Optimal Degrees of Transparency in Monetary Policymaking," CEPR DP 2689.
    Kydland, Finn E., and Edward C. Prescott (1977): "Rules Rather Than Discretion: The Inconsistency of Optimal Plans," Journal of Political Economy 85(3): 473-491 (link: JSTOR).
    Lucas, Robert E. (1980): "Rules, Discretion, and the Role of the Economic Advisor," in Stanley Fisher (ed.), Rational Expectations and Economic Policy, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
    Persson, Torsten, and Guido Tabellini (1993): "Designing Institutions for Monetary Stability," Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy 39.
    Rogoff, Kenneth S. (1985): "The Optimal Degree of Commitment to an Intermediate Monetary Target," Quarterly Journal of Economics 100: 1169-1189 (link: K. S. Rogoff's web page).
    Walsh, Carl E. (1995): "Optimal Contracts for Central Bankers," American Economic Review 85: 150-167.
    Walsh, Carl E. (1998): "Discretionary Policy and Time Inconsistency," Chapter 8 in WALSH98.

Note: An excellent treatment of this topic is also in Cukierman, Alex (1995): Central Bank Strategy, Credibility, and Independence: Theory and Evidence, Cambridge: MIT Press.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Should Central Banks Follow Friedman's Zero Interest Rate Rule?

    Carlstrom, Charles T., and Timothy S. Fuerst (1998): "A Note on the Role of Countercyclical Monetary Policy," Journal of Political Economy 106: 860-866 (link: JSTOR).
    Cole, Harold L., and Narayana Kocherlakota (1998) "Zero Nominal Interest Rates: Why They're Good and How to Get Them," Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Quarterly Review 22: 2-10.
    Ireland, Peter N. (1996): "The Role of Countercyclical Monetary Policy," Journal of Political Economy 104: 704-724 (link: JSTOR).
    Ireland, Peter N. (2000): "Implementing the Friedman Rule," Boston College Economics Department WP 460.
    Paal, Beatrix, and Bruce D. Smith (2000): "The Suboptimality of the Friedman Rule and the Optimum Quantity of Money," unpublished manuscript, Stanford University and University of Texas, Austin.
    Uhlig, Harald (1999): "Should We Be Afraid of Friedman's Rule?" Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, forthcoming.
    Williamson, Stephen D. (1996) "Sequential Markets and the Suboptimality of the Friedman Rule," Journal of Monetary Economics 37: 549-572.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Alternative Interest Rate Rules: Introduction

    McCallum, Bennett T. (1999): "Recent Developments in the Analysis of Monetary Policy Rules," Holmer Jones Memorial Lecture at the University of Missouri.
    McCallum, Bennett T. (2000): “The Present and Future of Monetary Policy Rules,” International Finance, forthcoming.
    Poole, William (1999): “Monetary Policy Rules?” Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, Vol. 81, no. 2.
    Romer, David (2000): "Keynesian Macroeconomics Without the LM Curve," NBER WP 7461.
    Taylor, John B. (1993): "Discretion vs. Policy Rules in Practice," Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy 39: 195-214.
    Taylor, John B. (1999): "A Historical Analysis of Monetary Policy Rules," in TAYLOR99 (with Richard Clarida's  comment).
    Tobin, James (1998): "Monetary Policy: Recent Theory and Practice," unpublished manuscript, Yale University.
    Walsh, Carl E. (1998): "Monetary-Policy Operating Procedures," Chapter 9 in WALSH98.
    Walsh, Carl E. (1998): "Interest Rates and Monetary Policy," Chapter 10 in WALSH98.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Determinacy

    Blanchard, Olivier J., and Charles M. Kahn (1980): "The Solution of Linear Difference Models under Rational Expectations," Econometrica 48: 1305-1311 (link: JSTOR).
    Carlstrom, Charles T., and Timothy S. Fuerst (2000): "Forward-Looking Versus Backward-Looking Taylor Rules," Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland WP 0009.
    Carlstrom, Charles T., and Timothy S. Fuerst (2001): "Timing and Real Indeterminacy in Monetary Models," Journal of Monetary Economics 47: 285-298 (link: Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland WP version).
    Dupor, William (1999): "Interest Rate Policy and Global Indeterminacy," unpublished manuscript, University of Pennsylvania.
    Dupor, William (2000): "August 14, 1990:  Monetary Policy and Confidence," unpublished manuscript, University of Pennsylvania.
    Woodford, Michael (1999): "Price-Level Determination under Interest-Rate Rules," Chapter 2 in Interest and Prices, unpublished manuscript, Princeton University.
    Woodford, Michael (2000): "A Neo-Wicksellian Framework for the Analysis of Monetary Policy," Chapter 4 in Interest and Prices, unpublished manuscript, Princeton University.
    Woodford, Michael (2000): "Pitfalls of Forward-Looking Monetary Policy," American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings 90: 100-104.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Inflation, Welfare, and Optimal Monetary Policy/Interest Rate Rules

    Ball, Laurence (1997): "Efficient Monetary Policy Rules," NBER WP 5952.
    Bassetto, Marco (2001): "Equilibrium and Government Commitment," unpublished manuscript, University of Minnesota.
    Cecchetti, Stephen G., and Erica L. Groshen (2000): "Understanding Inflation: Implications for Monetary Policy," NBER WP 7482.
    Clark, Peter, Charles Goodhart, and Haizhou Huang (1999): "Optimal Monetary Policy Rules in a Rational Expectations Model of the Phillips Curve," FMG DP 0247, London School of Economics.
    Dotsey, Michael, and Peter N. Ireland (1996): "The Welfare Cost of Inflation in General Equilibrium," Journal of Monetary Economics 37: 29-47.
    Galí, Jordi, Mark Gertler, and J. David López-Salido (2001): "Markups, Gaps, and Economic Fluctuations," unpublished manuscript, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, New York University, and Bank of Spain.
    Giannoni, Marc P. (2000): "Optimal Interest-Rate Rules in a Forward-Looking Model, and Inflation Stabilization versus Price-Level Stabilization," unpublished manuscript, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    Giannoni, Marc P., and Michael Woodford (2001): "Optimal Interest-Rate Rules," unpublished manuscript, Federal Reserve Bank of New York and Princeton University.
    Goodfriend, Marvin S., and Robert G. King (2000): "The Case for Price Stability," unpublished manuscript, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond and Boston University.
    Khan, Aubhik, Robert G. King, and Alexander L. Wolman (2000): "Optimal Monetary Policy," Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond WP 00-10.
    King, Robert G., and Alexander L. Wolman (1999): "What Should the Monetary Authority Do When Prices Are Sticky?" in TAYLOR99 (with Benjamin M. Friedman's comment).
    McCallum, Bennett T. (1997): "Issues in the Design of Monetary Policy Rules," in John B. Taylor and Michael Woodford (eds.), Handbook of Macroeconomics, Amsterdam: Elsevier Science (link: NBER WP version).
    Rotemberg, Julio J., and Michael Woodford (1997): "An Optimization-Based Framework for the Evaluation of Monetary Policy," in Ben S. Bernanke and Julio J. Rotemberg (eds.), NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1997, Cambridge: MIT Press (link: NBER WP version).
    Rotemberg, Julio J., and Michael Woodford (1999): “Interest Rate Rules in an Estimated Sticky Price Model,” in TAYLOR99 (with Martin Feldstein's comment).
    Svensson, Lars E. O. (1999): "How Should Monetary Policy Be Conducted in an Era of Price Stability?" in New Challenges for Monetary Policy, proceedings of a symposium organized by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City (with commentaries--Allan Meltzer and Michael Woodford--and general discussion).
    Steinsson, Jon (2000): "Optimal Monetary Policy in an Economy with Inflation Persistence," unpublished manuscript, Princeton University.
    Woodford, Michael (1999): "Inflation Stabilization and Welfare," Chapter 6 in Interest and Prices, unpublished manuscript, Princeton University (NBER WP 8071, 2001).

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Price Stability in the Policy Debate

In 1996, the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City organized a symposium on "Achieving Price Stability."  The proceedings were published in a volume with the same title. Here are some contributions (in the order in which they appear in the volume):

    Greenspan, Alan (1996): "Opening Remarks."
    Fischer, Stanley (1996): "Why Are Central Banks Pursuing Long-Run Price Stability?" (with Lawrence Summers' commentary and the general discussion).
    King, Mervyn (1996): "How Should Central Banks Reduce Inflation? Conceptual Issues" (with commentaries--Rudiger Dornbusch and Bennett T. McCallum--and general discussion).
    Freedman, Charles (1996): "What Operating Procedures Should Be Adopted to Maintain Price Stability?--Practical Issues" (with commentaries--Otmar Issing and Donald L. Kohn--and general discussion).
    Taylor, John B. (1996): "How Should Monetary Policy Respond to Shocks While Maintaining Long Run Price Stability" (with commentaries--David W. Mullins and Lars E. O. Svensson--and general discussion).

You can find the remaining contributions at http://www.kc.frb.org/PUBLICAT/SYMPOS/1996/Sym96prg.htm. FYI, the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City organizes a symposium on an important policy issue each year. The proceedings of recent symposia can be found at http://www.kc.frb.org/PUBLICAT/SYMPOS/SYMMAIN.HTM.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Inflation Targeting

    Batini, Nicoletta, and Andrew G. Haldane (1999): "Forward-Looking Rules for Monetary Policy," in TAYLOR99 (with Donald L. Khon's comment; link: Bank of England WP version).
    Batini, Nicoletta, and Edward Nelson (2000): "Optimal Horizons for Inflation Targeting," WP 119, Bank of England.
    Bernanke, Ben S., and Frederic S. Mishkin (1997): "Inflation Targeting: A New Framework for Monetary Policy?" Journal of Economic Perspectives 11: 97-116 (link: NBER WP version).
    Bernanke, Ben S., and Michael Woodford (1997): "Inflation Forecasts and Monetary Policy," NBER WP 6157.
    Carlstrom, Charles T., and Timothy S. Fuerst (1998): "Real Indeterminacy in Monetary Models with Nominal Interest rate Distortions: The Problem with Inflation Targets," Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland WP 9818.
    Carlstrom, Charles T., and Timothy S. Fuerst (1998): "Price-Level and Interest-Rate Targeting in a Model with Sticky Prices," Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland WP 9819.
    Cecchetti, Stephen G. (1995): "Inflation Indicators and Inflation Policy," in Ben S. Bernanke and Julio J. Rotemberg (eds.), NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1995, Cambridge: MIT Press (link: NBER WP version).
    Cecchetti, Stephen G., and Michael Ehrmann (1999): "Does Inflation Targeting Increase Output Volatility? An International Comparison of Policymakers' Preferences and Outcomes," NBER WP 7426.
    Cukierman, Alex (2000): "Establishing a Reputation for Dependability by Means of Inflation Targets," Economics of Governance, February.
    Erceg, Christopher J., Dale W. Henderson, and Andrew T. Levin (1999): "Tradeoffs Between Inflation and Output-Gap Variances in an Optimizing Agent Model," unpublished manuscript, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    European Central Bank (1999): "The Monetary Policy Strategy and the Operational Framework of the Eurosystem," from the ECB's web site.
    Galí, Jordi (2001): "Targeting Inflation in an Economy with Staggered Price Setting," unpublished manuscript, Universitat Pompeu Fabra.
    King, Mervyn (1997): "Changes in UK Monetary Policy: Rules and Discretion in Practice," Journal of Monetary Economics 39: 81-97.
    King, Robert G., and Alexander L. Wolman (1996): "Inflation Targeting in a St. Louis Model of the 21st Century," Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Review 78: 83-107 (with commentaries: Edward C. Prescott and Julio J. Rotemberg).
    Kuttner, Kenneth N., and Adam S. Posen (1999): "Does Talk Matter After All? Inflation Targeting and Central Bank Behavior," Staff Report 88, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    McDonough, William J, (1997): "A Framework for the Pursuit of Price Stability," Economic Policy Review, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Vol. 3, No. 3.
    Mishkin, Frederic S., and Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel (2001): "One Decade of Inflation Targeting in the World: What Do We Know and What Do We Need to Know?" NBER WP 8397.
    Mishkin, Frederic S., and Adam S. Posen (1997): "Inflation Targeting: Lessons from Four Countries," Economic Policy Review, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Vol. 3, No. 3.
    Nessén, Marianne, and David Vestin (2000): "Average Inflation Targeting," unpublished manuscript, Sveriges Riksbank and Institute for International Economic Studies, Stockholm University.
    Rudebusch, Glenn D., and Lars E. O. Svensson (1999): "Policy Rules for Inflation Targeting," in TAYLOR99 (with Frederic S. Mishkin and James H. Stock's comments).
    Rudebusch, Glenn D., and Lars E. O. Svensson (1999): "Eurosystem Monetary Targeting: Lessons from U.S. Data," European Economic Review, forthcoming (link: NBER WP version).
    Smets, Frank (2000): "What Horizon for Price Stability?" ECB WP 24.
    Svensson, Lars E. O. (1997): "Inflation Forecast Targeting: Implementing and Monitoring Inflation Targets," European Economic Review 41: 1111-1146 (link: NBER WP version).
    Svensson, Lars E. O. (1999): "Inflation Targeting as a Monetary Policy Rule," Journal of Monetary Economics 43: 607-654 (link: NBER WP version).
    Svensson, Lars E. O. (1999): "Inflation Targeting: Some Extensions," Scandinavian Journal of Economics 101: 337-361 (link: NBER WP version).
    Svensson, Lars E. O. (1999): "Monetary Policy Issues for the Eurosystem," Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy 51: 79-136 (link: NBER WP version).
    Svensson, Lars E. O. (1999): "Price Stability as a Target for Monetary Policy: Defining and Maintaining Price Stability," forthcoming in Deutsche Bundesbank, The Monetary Transmission Process: Recent Developments and Lessons for Europe, London: MacMillan (link: NBER WP version).
    Svensson, Lars E. O. (2000): "The First Year of the Eurosystem: Inflation Targeting or Not?" American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings 90: 95-99 (link: NBER WP version).
    Svensson, Lars E. O. (2001): "What Is Wrong with Taylor Rules? Using Judgment in Monetary Policy through Targeting Rules," unpublished manuscript, Princeton University.
    Svensson, Lars E. O., and Michael Woodford (1999): "Implementing Optimal Policy Through Inflation Forecast Targeting," unpublished manuscript, IIES and Princeton University.
    Végh, Carlos A. (1998): "Monetary Policy, Interest Rate Rules, and Inflation Targeting: Some Basic Equivalences," unpublished manuscript, University of California, Los Angeles.

Note: BetAL99 is an excellent reading on this topic. On the U.S. experience reducing inflation, you may want to read Thomas J. Sargent's The Conquest of American Inflation, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

More on Optimal Monetary Policy, Comparison of Rules, and Rules vs. Discretion Revisited

    Alvarez, Fernando, Robert E. Lucas, and Warren E. Weber (2001): "Interest Rates and Inflation," American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings, forthcoming.
    Canzoneri, Matthew B., Dale W. Henderson, and Kenneth S. Rogoff (1983): "The Information Content of the Interest Rate and Optimal Monetary Policy," Quarterly Journal of Economics 98: 545-566 (link: K. S. Rogoff's web page).
    Carlstrom, Charles T., and Timothy S. Fuerst (1995): "Interest Rate Rules vs. Money Growth Rules: A Welfare Comparison in a Cash-in-Advance Economy," Journal of Monetary Economics 36: 247-267.
    Carlstrom, Charles T., and Timothy S. Fuerst (2000): "Money Growth Rules and Price Level Determinacy," Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland WP 0010.
    Christiano, Lawrence J., and Christopher J. Gust (1999): "Taylor Rules in a Limited Participation Model," NBER WP 7017.
    Cooley, Thomas F., and Vincenzo Quadrini (2000): "Optimal Monetary Policy in a Phillips-Curve World," unpublished manuscript, New York University.
    Dupor, William (1999): "Optimal Monetary Policy with Nominal Rigidities," unpublished manuscript, University of Pennsylvania.
    Erceg, Christopher J., Dale W. Henderson, and Andrew T. Levin (2000): "Optimal Monetary Policy with Staggered Wage and Price Contracts," Journal of Monetary Economics 46: 281-313.
    Feldstein, Martin, and James H. Stock (1994): "The Use of a Monetary Aggregate to Target Nominal GDP," in MANKIW94 (with John B. Taylor and Bennett T. McCallum comments; link: NBER WP version).
    Galí, Jordi (2000): "New Perspectives on Monetary Policy, Inflation, and the Business Cycle," unpublished manuscript, Universitat Pompeu Fabra.
    Gerlach, Stefan, and Lars E. O. Svensson (2000): "Money and Inflation in the Euro Area: A Case for Monetary Indicators?" NBER WP 8025.
    Hall, Robert E., and N. Gregory Mankiw (1994): "Nominal Income Targeting," in MANKIW94 (with Kenneth D. West's comment; link: NBER WP version).
    Henderson, Dale W., and Jinill Kim (1999): "Exact Utilities under alternative Monetary Rules in a Simple Macro Model with Optimizing Agents," International Finance Discussion Paper 635, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    Henderson, Dale W., and Jinill Kim (2000): "Exactly How Suboptimal Are Inflation Targeting and Nominal Income Growth Targeting?" unpublished manuscript, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and University of Virginia.
    Jensen, Henrik (1999): "Targeting Nominal Income Growth or Inflation?" American Economic Review, forthcoming (link: H. Jensen's web page).
    Khan, Aubhik, Robert G. King, and Alexander L. Wolman (2001): "The Pitfalls of Monetary Discretion," WP 01-8, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.
    Lengwiler, Yvan, and Athanasios Orphanides (1999): "Optimal Discretion," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Staff WP 1999-42, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    McCallum, Bennett T. (1997): "The Alleged Instability of Nominal Income Targeting," NBER WP 6291.
    McCallum, Bennett T. (1999): "Recent Developments in Monetary Policy Analysis: The Roles of Theory and Evidence," unpublished manuscript, Carnegie Mellon University.
    McCallum, Bennett T. (2001): "Should Monetary Policy Respond Strongly to Output Gaps?" unpublished manuscript, Carnegie Mellon University.
    McCallum, Bennett T., and Edward Nelson (1999): "Performance of Operational Policy Rules in an Estimated Semiclassical Structural Model," in TAYLOR99 (with Mark Gertler's comment; link: NBER WP version).
    McCallum, Bennett T., and Edward Nelson (2000): "Timeless Perspective vs. Discretionary Monetary Policy in Forward-Looking Models," NBER WP 7915.
    Mishkin, Frederic S. (1999): "International Experiences with Different Monetary Policy Regimes," NBER WP 7044.
    Neiss, Katharine S., and Edward Nelson (2000): "The Real Interest rate Gap as an Inflation Indicator," unpublished manuscript, Bank of England.
    Sack, Brian, and Volker Wieland (1999): "Interest-rate Smoothing and Optimal Monetary Policy: A Review of Recent Empirical Evidence," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Staff WP 1999-39, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    Svensson, Lars E. O. (2000): "Does the P* Model Provide Any Rationale for Monetary Targeting?" NBER WP 7178.
    Svensson, Lars E. O. (2001): "Requiem for Forecast-Based Instrument Rules," unpublished manuscript, Princeton University.
    Walsh, Carl E. (2001): "The Output Gap and Optimal Monetary Policy," unpublished manuscript, University of California, Santa Cruz.
    Williams, John C. (1999): "Simple Rules for Monetary Policy, " Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Staff WP 1999-12, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    Woodford, Michael (1994): "Nonstandard Indicators for Monetary Policy: Can Their Usefulness Be Judged from Forecasting Regressions?" in MANKIW94.
    Woodford, Michael (1999): “Optimal Monetary Policy Inertia,” The Manchester School 67 (Supplement): 1-35 (link: NBER WP version).

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Monetary Policy and Asset Bubbles

    Bernanke, Ben S., and Mark Gertler (1999): "Monetary Policy and Asset Price Volatility," in New Challenges for Monetary Policy, proceedings of a symposium organized by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City (with Rudiger Dornbusch's commentary and the general discussion).
    Bernanke, Ben S., and Mark Gertler (2001): "Should Central Bankers Respond to Asset Prices?" American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings.
    Bryan, Michael F., Stephen G. Cecchetti, and Roisin O'Sullivan (2001): "Asset Prices in the Measurement of Inflation," unpublished manuscript, Ohio State University.
    Cecchetti, Stephen G., Hans Genberg, John Lipsky, and Sushil Wadhwani (2000): "Asset Prices and Central Bank Policy," Geneva Report on the World Economy No. 2.
    Rigobon, Roberto, and Brian Sack (2001): "Measuring the Reaction of Monetary Policy to the Stock Market," NBER WP 8350.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Evidence on Interest Rate Rules

    Christiano, Lawrence J., and Christopher Gust (1999): "The Great Inflation of the 1970s," unpublished manuscript, Northwestern University and Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    Clarida, Richard, Jordi Galí, and Mark Gertler (1998): "Monetary Policy Rules in Practice: Some International Evidence," European Economic Review 42: 1033-1067 (link: M. Gertler's web page).
    Clarida, Richard, Jordi Galí, and Mark Gertler (2000): "Monetary Policy Rules and Macroeconomic Stability: Evidence and Some Theory," Quarterly Journal of Economics 115: 147-180 (link: M. Gertler's web page).
    Galí, Jordi, J. David López-Salido, and Javier Vallés (2000): "Technology Shocks and Monetary Policy: Assessing the Fed's Performance," unpublished manuscript, Universitat Pompeu Fabra and Bank of Spain.
    Ireland, Peter N. (1999): "Interest Rates, Inflation, and Federal Reserve Policy Since 1980," Boston College Economics Department WP 419.
    Leeper, Eric M., and Tao Zha (2000): "Assessing Simple Policy Rules: A View from a Complete Macro Model," Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta Working Paper 2000-19.
    McCallum, Bennett T. (2000): "Alternative Monetary Policy Rules: A Comparison with Historical Settings for the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan," Economic Quarterly, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.
    McGrattan, Ellen R. (1999): "Predicting the Effects of Federal Reserve Policy in a Sticky-Price Model: An Analytical Approach," Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Working Paper 598.
    Nelson, Edward (2000): "UK Monetary Policy 1972-97: A Guide Using Taylor Rules," Bank of England WP 120.
    Orphanides, Athanasios (2000): "Activist Stabilization Policy and Inflation: The Taylor Rule in the 1970s," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Staff WP 2000-13, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    Sims, Christopher (1998): "The Role of Interest Rate Policy in the Generation and Propagation of Business Cycles: What Has Changed Since the '30s?" unpublished manuscript, Princeton University (with Lawrence J. Christiano's discussion).

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Liquidity Traps, the Zero Bound: Drawbacks of Interest Rate Rules?

    Benhabib, Jess, Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé, and Martín Uribe (1999): "The Perils of Taylor Rules," Journal of Economic Theory 96: 40-69 (link: M. Uribe's web page).
    Benhabib, Jess, Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé, and Martín Uribe (2000): "Avoiding Liquidity Traps," unpublished manuscript, New York University, Rutgers University, and University of Pennsylvania.
    Benhabib, Jess, Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé, and Martín Uribe (2000): "Chaotic Interest Rate Rules," unpublished manuscript, New York University, Rutgers University, and University of Pennsylvania.
    Bernanke, Ben S. (2000): "Japanese Monetary Policy: A Case of Self Induced Paralysis?" Institute for International Economics.
    Blanchard, Olivier (2000): "Bubbles, Liquidity Traps, and Monetary Policy: Comments on Jinushi et al. and on Bernanke," unpublished manuscript, MIT.
    Buiter, Willem H., and Nikolaos Panigirtzoglou (1999): "Liquidity Traps: How to Avoid Them and How to Escape Them," NBER WP 7245.
    Clouse, James, Dale Henderson, Athanasios Orphanides, David Small, and Peter Tinsley (2000): "Monetary Policy When the Nominal Short-Term Interest Rate Is Zero," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Staff WP 2000-51, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    Goodfriend, Marvin S. (2000): "Overcoming the Zero Bound on Interest Rate Policy," Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond WP 00-3.
    Ireland, Peter N. (2001): "The Real Balance Effect," Boston College Economics Department WP 491.
    Jinushi, T., Y. Kuroki, and R. Miyao (2000): "Monetary Policy in Japan Since the Late 1980s: Delayed Policy Actions and Some Explanations," Institute for International Economics, forthcoming.
    McCallum, Bennett T. (1999): "Theoretical Analysis Regarding a Zero Lower Bound on Nominal Interest Rates," unpublished manuscript, Carnegie Mellon University (with Lawrence J. Christiano's comment).
    Orphanides, Athanasios (1999): "The Quest for Prosperity Without Inflation," Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    Orphanides, Athanasios, and Volker Wieland (1998): "Price Stability and Monetary Policy Effectiveness when Interest Rates Are Bounded at Zero," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Staff WP 1998-35, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    Orphanides, Athanasios, and Volker Wieland (1999): "Efficient Monetary Policy Design Near Price Stability," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Staff WP 1999-67, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    Reifschneider, David, and John C. Williams: "Three Lessons for Monetary Policy in a Low Inflation Era," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Staff WP 1999-44, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    Schmitt-Grohé, Stephanie, and Martín Uribe (2000): "Liquidity Traps with Global Taylor Rules," unpublished manuscript, Rutgers University and University of Pennsylvania.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Monetary Policy Without Money

    McCallum, Bennett T. (1999): "Role of the Minimal State Variable Criterion in Rational Expectation Models," International Tax and Public Finance 6: 621-639.
    McCallum, Bennett T. (2000): "Monetary Policy Analysis in Models Without Money," unpublished manuscript, Carnegie Mellon University.
    Woodford, Michael (1998): "Doing Without Money: Controlling Inflation in a Post-Monetary World," Review of Economic Dynamics 1: 173-219.
    Woodford, Michael (2000): "Monetary Policy in a World Without Money," NBER WP 7853.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Parameter Uncertainty, Model Uncertainty, Measurement Errors

    Estrella, Arturo, and Frederic S. Mishkin (1999): "Rethinking the Role of NAIRU in Monetary Policy: Implications of Model Formulation and Uncertainty," in TAYLOR99 (link: NBER WP version).
    Galí, Jordi (2000): "The Conduct of Monetary Policy in the Face of Technological Change: Theory and Postwar U.S. Evidence," unpublished manuscript, Universitat Pompeu Fabra.
    Giannoni, Marc P. (2000): "Does Model Uncertainty Justify Caution? Robust Optimal Monetary Policy in a Forward-Looking Model," Macroeconomic Dynamics, forthcoming.
    Giannoni, Marc P. (2000): "Robust Optimal Monetary Policy in a Forward-Looking Model with Parameter and Shock Uncertainty," unpublished manuscript, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    Levin, Andrew, Volker Wieland, and John C. Williams (1998): "Robustness of Simple Monetary Policy Rules under Model Uncertainty," in TAYLOR99 (with Lawrence J. Christiano and Christopher J. Gust's comment).
    Levin, Andrew, Volker Wieland, and John C. Williams (1999): "The Performance of Forecast-Based Monetary Policy Rules under Model Uncertainty," unpublished manuscript, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (authors 1 and 3) and Goethe University Frankfurt.
    Meyer, Laurence H., Eric T. Swanson, and Volker W. Wieland (2001): "NAIRU Uncertainty and Nonlinear Policy Rules," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Staff WP 2001-1, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    Orphanides, Athanasios (1997): "Monetary Policy Rules Based on Real Time Data," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Staff WP 1998-03, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    Orphanides, Athanasios (1998): "Monetary Policy with Noisy Information," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Staff WP 1998-50, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    Orphanides, Athanasios, Richard D. Porter, David Reifschneider, Robert Tetlow, and Frederico Finan (1999): "Errors in the Measurement of the Output Gap and the Design of Monetary Policy," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Staff WP 1999-45, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    Smets, Frank (1998): "Output Gap Uncertainty: Does It Matter for the Taylor Rule?" BIS WP 60.
    Svensson, Lars E. O., and Michael Woodford (2000): "Indicator Variables for Optimal Policy," unpublished manuscript, IIES and Princeton University.
    Tetlow, Robert J. (2000): "Inflation Targeting and Target Instability," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Staff WP 2000-1, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    Tetlow, Robert J., and Peter von zur Muehlen (2000): "Robust Monetary Policy with Misspecified Models: Does Model Uncertainty Always Call for Attenuated Policy?" Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Staff WP 2000-28, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    von zur Muehlen, Peter (2001): "Activist vs. Non-Activist Monetary Policy: Optimal Rules Under Extreme Uncertainty (A Primer on Robust Control)," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Staff WP 2001-2, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Learning

    Bullard, James, and Kaushik Mitra (1999): "Learning About Monetary Policy Rules," Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis WP 2000-001.
    Carlstrom, Charles T., and Timothy S. Fuerst (2001): "Learning and the Central Bank," unpublished manuscript, Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland and Bowling Green State University.
    Evans, George W., and Seppo Honkapohja (2001): "Expectations and the Stability Problem for Optimal Monetary Policy," unpublished manuscript, University of Oregon and University of Helsinki.
    Honkapohja, Seppo, and Kaushik Mitra (2001): "Are Non-Fundamental Equilibria Learnable in Models of Monetary Policy?" unpublished manuscript, University of Helsinki and University of York.
    Tetlow, Robert J., Peter von zur Muehlen, and Frederico S. Finan (1998): "Learning and the Complexity of Monetary Policy Rules," Reserve Bank of New Zealand.
    Tetlow, Robert J., and Peter von zur Muehlen (1999): "Simplicity Versus Optimality: The Choice of Monetary Policy Rules When Agents Must Learn," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Staff WP 1999-10, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    Wieland, Volker (1999): "Monetary Policy, Parameter Uncertainty, and Optimal Learning," Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Staff WP 1999-48, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.

George W. Evans and Seppo Honkapohja's Learning and Expectations in Macroeconomics, Princeton University Press, 2001 is an excellent reference on this topic.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

The Open Economy Framework

    Cavallo, Michele, and Fabio Ghironi (2001): "Net Foreign Assets and the Exchange Rate: Redux Revived," Boston College Economics Department WP 505 (prepared for the November 2001 Carnegie-Rochester Conference on Public Policy).
    Corsetti, Giancarlo, and Paolo Pesenti (2001): "Welfare and Macroeconomic Interdependence," Quarterly Journal of Economics 116: 421-446 (link: NBER WP version).
    Ghironi, Fabio (2000), "Understanding Macroeconomic Interdependence: Do We Really Need to Shut Off the Current Account?," Boston College Economics Department WP 465.
    Ghironi, Fabio (2000): "Macroeconomic Interdependence under Incomplete Markets," Boston College Economics Department WP 471.
    Lane, Philip (2000): "The New Open Economy Macroeconomics: A Survey," Journal of International Economics 54: 235-266 (link: P. Lane's web page).
    Obstfeld, Maurice, and Kenneth Rogoff (1995): "Exchange Rate Dynamics Redux," Journal of Political Economy 103: 624-660 (link: JSTOR).
    Obstfeld, Maurice, and Kenneth Rogoff (1998): "Risk and Exchange Rates," NBER WP 6694.
    Obstfeld, Maurice, and Kenneth Rogoff (2000): "New Directions for Stochastic Open Economy Models," Journal of International Economics 50: 117-154 (link: K. Rogoff's web page).
    Sarno, Lucio (2000), "Towards a New Paradigm in Open Economy Modeling: Where Do We Stand?" Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
    Tille, Cédric (2000): "The Role of Consumption Substitutability in the International Transmission of Shocks," Journal of International Economics (link: New York Fed Staff Report version).
    Walsh, Carl E. (1998): "Money and the Open Economy," Chapter 6 in WALSH98.

Visit Brian M. Doyle's "New Open Economy Macroeconomics" home page for an excellent coverage of the recent open economy literature.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Monetary Policy Rules in Open Economies

    Ball, Laurence (1998): "Policy Rules for Open Economies," in TAYLOR99 (with Thomas Sargent's comment; link: NBER WP version).
    Ball, Laurence (2000): "Policy Rules and External Shocks," NBER working paper #7910;
    Batini, Nicoletta, and Andrew Haldane (1999), "Forward Looking Rules for Monetary Policy," Bank of England WP 91.
    Benigno, Gianluca (1999): "Real Exchange Rate Persistence and Monetary Policy Rules," unpublished manuscript, Bank of England.
    Benigno, Gianluca, and Pierpaolo Benigno (2000): "Price Stability as a Nash Equilibrium in Monetary Open-Economy Models," unpublished manuscript, Bank of England and New York University.
    Benigno, Gianluca, and Pierpaolo Benigno (2000): "Monetary Policy Rules and the Exchange Rate," unpublished manuscript, Bank of England and New York University.
    Benigno, Gianluca, Pierpaolo Benigno, and Fabio Ghironi (2000): "Interest Rates Rules for Fixed Exchange Rate Regimes," Boston College Economics Department WP 468.
    Benigno, Pierpaolo (1999): "Optimal Monetary Policy in a Currency Area," unpublished manuscript, New York University.
    Benigno, Pierpaolo (2001): "Price Stability with Imperfect Financial Integration," unpublished manuscript, New York University.
    Borondo, Carlos (2000): "International Transmission of Monetary Shocks with Interest Rate Rules," unpublished manuscript, Universidad de Valladolid.
    Canzoneri, Matthew B., and Dale W. Henderson (1991): Monetary Policy in Interdependent Economies: A Game-Theoretic Approach, Cambridge: MIT Press.
    Carlstrom, Charles T., and Timothy S. Fuerst (1999): "Optimal Monetary Policy in a Small, Open Economy: A General-Equilibrium Analysis," Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, WP 9911;
    Clarida, Richard, Jordi Galí, and Mark Gertler (2001a): "Optimal Monetary Policy in Open vs. Closed Economies: An Integrated Approach," American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings.
    Clarida, Richard, Jordi Galí, and Mark Gertler (2001b): "A Simple Framework for International Monetary Policy Analysis," prepared for the November 2001 Carnegie-Rochester Conference on Public Policy.
    Cooley, Thomas F., and Vincenzo Quadrini (2001): "Common Currencies vs. Monetary Independence," unpublished manuscript, New York University.
    Corsetti, Giancarlo, and Paolo Pesenti (2001): "International Dimension of Optimal Monetary Policy," unpublished manuscript, University of Rome III and Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    Devereux, Michael, and Charles Engel (1998), "Fixed vs. Floating Exchange Rates: How Price Setting Affects the Optimal Choice of Exchange-Rate Regime," NBER WP 6867.
    Devereux, Michael, and Charles Engel (2000): "Monetary Policy in the Open Economy Revised: Price Setting and Exchange Rate Flexibility," NBER WP 7665.
    Galí, Jordi, and Tommaso Monacelli (1999): "Optimal Monetary Policy and Exchange Rate Variability in a Small Open Economy," unpublished manuscript, Universitat Pompeu Fabra and Boston College.
    Gertler, Mark, Simon Gilchrist and Fabio Massimo Natalucci (2000): "External Constraints on Monetary Policy and the Financial Accelerator," unpublished manuscript, New York University, Boston University, and Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
    Ghironi, Fabio (2000), "Alternative Monetary Rules for a Small Open Economy: The Case of Canada," Boston College Economics Department WP 466.
    Giavazzi, Francesco, and Marco Pagano (1988): "The Advantage of Tying One's Hands: EMS Discipline and Central Bank Credibility," European Economic Review 32: 1050-1082.
    Kollmann, Robert (2001): "Monetary Policy Rules in the Open Economy: Effects on Welfare and Business Cycles," prepared for the November 2001 Carnegie-Rochester Conference on Public Policy.
    Leitemo, Kai (1999): "Inflation Targeting Strategies in Small Open Economies," University of Oslo Economics Department WP 21/99.
    Leitemo, Kai (2000): "The Performance of Inflation Forecast Feedback Rules in Small Open Economies," Norges Bank WP.
    Leitemo, Kai, and Roisland Oistein (1999): "Choosing a Monetary Policy Regime: Effects on the Traded and Non-Traded Sectors," University of Oslo Economics Department WP 04/99.
    Leitemo, Kai, and Ulf Söderström  (2000): "Simple Monetary Policy Rules and Exchange Rate Uncertainty," unpublished manuscript, Norges Bank and Sveriges Riksbank;
    McCallum, Bennett T. (2000): "Inflation Targeting and the Liquidity Trap," unpublished manuscript, Carnegie-Mellon University.
    McCallum, Bennett T., and Edward Nelson (1999): "Nominal Income Targeting in an Open Economy Optimizing Model," Journal of Monetary Economics 43: 553-578 (link: NBER WP version).
    McCallum, Bennett T., and Edward Nelson (2001): "Monetary Policy for an Open Economy: An Alternative Framework with Optimizing Agents and Sticky Prices," NBER WP 8175.
    Monacelli, Tommaso (1998): "Into the Mussa Puzzle: Monetary Regimes and the Real Exchange Rate in a Small Open Economy," unpublished manuscript, Boston College.
    Monacelli, Tommaso (1999): "Open Economy Policy Rules under Imperfect Pass-Through," unpublished manuscript, Boston College.
    Monacelli, Tommaso (2000): "Relinquishing Monetary Policy Independence," Boston College Economics Department WP 483.
    Obstfeld, Maurice, and Kenneth Rogoff (2001): "Global Implications of Self-Oriented National Monetary Rules," Quarterly Journal of Economics, forthcoming.
    Parrado, Eric, and Andrés Velasco (2001): "Optimal interest Rate Policy in a Small Open Economy: The Case for a Clean Float," unpublished manuscript, New York University and Harvard University.
    Smets, Frank, and Raf Wouters (2001): "Openness, Imperfect Exchange Rate Pass-Through and Monetary Policy," prepared for the November 2001 Carnegie-Rochester Conference on Public Policy.
    Svensson, Lars E. O. (2000): "Open-Economy Inflation Targeting,"  Journal of International Economics 50: 155-183.
    Taylor, John B. (2000): "The Role of the Exchange Rate in Monetary Policy Rules," unpublished manuscript, Stanford University;
    Uribe, Martín (2000): "Real Exchange Rate Targeting and Macroeconomic Instability," unpublished manuscript, University of Pennsylvania.
    Walsh, Carl E. (1999): "Monetary Policy Trade-Offs in the Open Economy," unpublished manuscript, University of California, Santa Cruz;
    Weerapana, Akila (1998), "The Performance of Simple Monetary Policy Rules in a Large Open Economy," Wellesley College Economics Department WP 2000-05.
    Weerapana, Akila (1998), "Monetary Policy Interactions Between the U.S. and the EMU," unpublished manuscript, Wellesley College.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Monetary Rules for Emerging Market Economies

    Calvo, Guillermo A. (2000): "Notes on Price Stickiness: With Special Reference to Liability Dollarization and Credibility," unpublished manuscript, University of Maryland.
    Calvo, Guillermo A. (2001): "Capital Markets and the Exchange Rate, with Special Reference to the Dollarization Debate in Latin America," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 33: 312-334 (link: G. A. Calvo's web page).
    Calvo, Guillermo A., and Carlos A. Végh (1999): "Inflation Stabilization and BOP Crises in Developing Countries," in J. B. Taylor and M. Woodford (eds.), Handbook of Macroeconomics, Amsterdam: North-Holland (link: G. A. Calvo's web page).
    Céspedes, Luis F., Roberto Chang, and Andrés Velasco (2001): "Balance Sheets and Exchange Rate Policy," unpublished manuscript, International Monetary Fund, Rutgers University, and Harvard University.
    Céspedes, Luis F., Roberto Chang, and Andrés Velasco (2001): "Dollarization of Liabilities, Net Worth Effects and Optimal Monetary Policy," unpublished manuscript, International Monetary Fund, Rutgers University, and Harvard University.
    Cooley, Thomas F., and Vincenzo Quadrini (2001): "The Costs of Losing Monetary Independence: The Case of Mexico," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 33: 370-397 (link: V. Quadrini's web page).
    Devereux, Michael, and Philip Lane (2001): "Exchange Rates and Monetary Policy in Emerging Market Economies," unpublished manuscript, University of British Columbia and Trinity College.
    Ghironi, Fabio, and Alessandro Rebucci (2000): "Monetary Rules for Emerging Market Economies," Boston College Economics Department WP 476.
    Larraín B., Felipe, and Andrés Velasco (2001): "Exchange Rate Policy in Emerging Markets: The Case for Floating," unpublished manuscript, Harvard University.
    Mendoza, Enrique G. (2001): "The Benefits of Dollarization when Stabilization Policy Lacks Credibility and Financial Markets Are Imperfect," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 33: 440-474 (link: E. G. Mendoza's web page).
    Mishkin, Frederic S. (2000): "Inflation Targeting in Emerging Market Countries," NBER WP 7618.
    Morón, Eduardo, and Diego Winkelried (2001): "Monetary Policy Rules for Financially Vulnerable Economies," unpublished manuscript, Universidad del Pacifico and Banco Central de Reserva del Perú.
    Schmitt-Grohé, Stephanie, and Martín Uribe (2001): "Stabilization Policy and the Costs of Dollarization," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 33: 482-509 (link: M. Uribe's web page).
    Taylor, John B. (2000): "Using Monetary Policy Rules in Emerging Market Economies," unpublished manuscript, Stanford University.
    Velasco, Andrés (2001): "The Impossible Duo: Globalization and Monetary Independence in Emerging Markets," unpublished  manuscript, Harvard University.
 

Note: For additional references on monetary rules in open economies (and a number of empirical papers), visit the web page on Monetary Policy Rules in Open Economies created and maintained by Gianluca Benigno (Bank of England), Pierpaolo Benigno (New York University), and myself.

Browse the Journal of International Economics for interesting published papers on monetary policy in open economies.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Fiscal Policy and Inflation

    Bassetto, Marco (2001): "A Game-Theoretic View of the Fiscal Theory of the Price Level," Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis WP 612.
    Benhabib, Jess, Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé, and Martín Uribe (1999): "Monetary Policy and Multiple Equilibria," American Economic Review ??: 167-186.
    Buiter, Willem H. (1998): "The Young Person's Guide to Neutrality, Price Level Indeterminacy, Interest Rate Pegs, and Fiscal Theories of the Price Level," NBER WP 6396.
    Buiter, Willem H. (1999): "The Fallacy of the Fiscal Theory of the Price Level," NBER WP 7302.
    Canzoneri, Matthew B., Robert E. Cumby, and Behzad T. Diba (2000): "Is the Price Level Determined by the Need for Fiscal Solvency?" American Economic Review, forthcoming.
    Christiano, Lawrence J., and Terry J. Fitzgerald (2000): "Understanding the Fiscal Theory of the Price Level," unpublished manuscript, Northwestern University.
    Cochrane, John H. (1999): "A Frictionless View of U.S. Inflation," unpublished manuscript, University of Chicago.
    Cochrane, John H. (1999): "Money as Stock: Price Level Determination with No Money Demand," unpublished manuscript, University of Chicago.
    Cochrane, John H. (2001): "Long-Term Debt and Optimal Fiscal Policy in the Fiscal Theory of the Price Level," Econometrica 69: 69-116 (link: J. H. Cochrane's web page).
    Drazen, Allan, and Elhanan Helpman (1990): "Inflationary Consequences of Anticipated Macroeconomic Policies," Review of Economic Studies 57: 147-166.
    Kocherlakota, Narayana, and Christopher Phelan (1999): "Explaining the Fiscal Theory of the Price Level," Federal Reserve bank of Minneapolis Quarterly Review 23: 14-23.
    Sargent, Thomas J., and Neil Wallace (1981): "Some Unpleasant Monetarist Arithmetic," Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Quarterly Review 5: 1-17.
    Sims, Christopher A. (1993): "A Simple Model for the Study of the Determination of the Price Level and the Interaction of Monetary and Fiscal Policy," unpublished manuscript, Princeton University.
    Sims, Christopher A. (2000): "Whither ISLM," unpublished manuscript, Princeton University.
    Taylor, John B. (1995): "Monetary Policy Implications of Greater Fiscal Discipline," in Budget Deficits and Debt: Issues and Options, proceedings of a symposium organized by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City (with commentaries--Mervyn King and Helmut Schieber--and general discussion).
    Walsh, Carl E. (1998): "Money and Public Finance," Chapter 4 in WALSH98.
    Woodford, Michael (1997): "Control of the Public Debt: A Requirement for Price Stability," in Calvo, G., and M. King, The Debt Burden and Monetary Policy, London: Macmillan (link: NBER WP version).
    Woodford, Michael (1998): "Public Debt and the Price Level," unpublished manuscript, Princeton University.
    Woodford, Michael (2000): "Fiscal Requirements for Price Stability," Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, forthcoming.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Optimal Monetary and Fiscal Policy

    Chari, V. V., Lawrence J. Christiano, and Patrick J. Kehoe (1996): "Optimality of the Friedman Rule in Economies with Distorting Taxes," Journal of Monetary Economics 37: 203-223.
    Chari, V.V., and Patrick J. Kehoe (1999): “Optimal Fiscal and Monetary Policy,” in John B. Taylor and Michael Woodford (eds.), Handbook of Macroeconomics, Amsterdam: Elsevier Science.
    Correia, Isabel, and Pedro Teles (1997): "The Optimal Inflation Tax," Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Discussion Paper 123.
    Dixit, Avinash, and Luisa Lambertini (2001): "Fiscal Discretion Destroys Monetary Commitment," unpublished manuscript, Princeton University and UCLA.
    Lucas, Robert E., and Nancy L. Stokey (1983): "Optimal Fiscal and Monetary Policy in an Economy Without Capital," Journal of Monetary Economics 12: 55-93.
    Schmitt-Grohé, Stephanie, and Martín Uribe (2001a): “Optimal Fiscal and Monetary Policy under Imperfect Competition,” unpublished manuscript, Rutgers University and University of Pennsylvania.
    Schmitt-Grohé, Stephanie, and Martín Uribe (2001b): “Optimal Fiscal and Monetary Policy under Sticky Prices,” unpublished manuscript, Rutgers University and University of Pennsylvania.

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Political Economy of Inflation

Torsten Persson and Guido Tabellini's Political Economics (Cambridge: MIT Press, 2000) is an excellent survey of the literature on political economy. So is Allan Drazen's Political Economy in Macroeconomics (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000).

    Albanesi, Stefania (2000): "Inflation and Inequality," IGIER WP 199, Bocconi University.
    Persson, Torsten, and Guido Tabellini (1999): "Political Economics and Macroeconomic Policy," in John B. Taylor and Michael Woodford (eds.), Handbook of Macroeconomics, Amsterdam: North-Holland (link: NBER WP version).

TO BE COMPLETED

Back to Top of Reading List
 

Back to Table of Contents
 

Useful Links


Working Papers (Central Banks), Academic Journals, NBER and CEPR, The Fed, Some Other Central Banks, People, Other Interesting Web Pages

A number of researchers at various central banks' research departments work on issues that are directly relevant to the topics in this web page. Several of their papers were included in the list. I encourage you to explore the working paper series I list below to find additional interesting readings for your research:

Finance and Economics Discussion Series, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
Staff Reports, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
Staff Reports and Working Papers, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
Working Paper Series, Bank of England.
Working Paper Series, European Central Bank.
Working Paper Series, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.

For journal publications:

JSTOR
ECONbase: Elsevier Journals
Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy
Journal of Monetary Economics
Journal of International Economics

NBER and CEPR publish working paper series and organize high quality conferences. Keeping up to date with the papers and looking at the conference programs is a good way to gauge trends in research. (Links to conferences on monetary policy are also in the web page on "Monetary Policy Rules in Open Economies" mentioned above.)

Back to Top of Links

Here are links to the Federal Reserve's research departments:

Federal Reserve Board
Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta
Federal Reserve Bank of Boston
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland
Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas
Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City
Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis
Federal Reserve Bank of New York
Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia
Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond
Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

The map of the Federal Reserve (with links)

Back to Top of Links

Links to an arbitrary list of other central banks:

Banco Central de la República Argentina
Banco Central de Chile
Banco Central do Brasil
Banco de México
Bank of Canada
Bank of England
Bank of Israel
Bank of Japan
Banka Slovenije (Slovenia)
Central Bank of Egypt
Central bank of the Republic of Turkey
Central Bank of Swaziland
Eesti Pank (Estonia)
European Central Bank (with links to European Union central banks)
Narodowy Bank Polski (Poland)
Reserve Bank of Australia
Reserve Bank of India
Reserve Bank of New Zealand
South African Reserve Bank
Sveriges Riksbank (Sweden)
The Central Bank of the Russian Federation

More: http://directory.google.com/Top/Science/Social_Sciences/Economics/Central_Banks/

Back to Top of Links

Reading central bank press releases and the speeches of senior officials is a good way to keep up to date with policy issues and how central banks communicate with the public.

Here are links to the web pages of some of the scholars whose work is featured in the reading list:

Stefania Albanesi
Alberto Alesina
Fernando Alvarez
Laurence Ball
Robert J. Barro
Gianluca Benigno
Pierpaolo Benigno
Olivier J. Blanchard
Jess Benhabib
Ben S. Bernanke
Willem H. Buiter
Guillermo A. Calvo
Gabriele Camera
Matthew B. Canzoneri
Charles T. Carlstrom
Stephen G. Cecchetti
Roberto Chang
Richard Clarida
V. V. Chari
Lawrence J. Christiano
John H. Cochrane
Thomas F. Cooley
Dean Corbae
Giancarlo Corsetti
Michael B. Devereux
Michael Dotsey
Allan Drazen
William Dupor
Martin Eichenbaum
Charles Engel
Jon Faust
Martin Feldstein
Jordi Galí
Petra Geraats
Mark Gertler
Fabio Ghironi
Marc P. Giannoni
Francesco Giavazzi
Marvin S. Goodfriend
Seppo Honkapohja
Peter Ireland
Henrik Jensen
Patrick J. Kehoe
Jinill Kim
Narayana Kocherlakota
Kenneth N. Kuttner
Philip Lane
Eric M. Leeper
N. Gregory Mankiw
Bennett T. McCallum
Ellen R. McGrattan
Enrique G. Mendoza
Ilian Mihov
Tommaso Monacelli
Maurice Obstfeld
Torsten Persson
Paolo Pesenti
Edward C. Prescott
Vincenzo Quadrini
Roberto Rigobon
Kenneth S. Rogoff
Christina D. Romer
David H. Romer
Julio J. Rotemberg
Thomas J. Sargent
Argia Sbordone
Stephanie Schmitt-Grohé
Christopher A. Sims
Bruce D. Smith
Lars E. O. Svensson
Guido Tabellini
John B. Taylor
Cédric Tille
Alberto Trejos
Harald Uhlig
Martín Uribe
Carlos A. Végh
Andrés Velasco
Neil Wallace
Carl E. Walsh
Volker Wieland
Alexander L. Wolman
Michael Woodford
Randall D. Wright III
 

More scholars who focus on open economy issues appear in the web page on "Monetary Policy Rules in Open Economies" mentioned above as authors of papers. A number of contributions and contacts in this particular area of research are also listed in Brian Doyle's "New Open Economy Macroeconomics" home page.

Keep an eye on all these people's work: Their publications and ongoing research will give you an idea of how the field is evolving.

Giancarlo Corsetti's "Euro Homepage," Nouriel Roubini's "Global Macroeconomic and Financial Policy Site," and John Taylor's above mentioned "Monetary Policy Rule Home Page" should be among your bookmarks.

Larry Christiano teaches a graduate course on monetary policy at Northwestern University. The web page of his course is another invaluable source of references and inspiration. Here is the link to Larry Christiano's course page.

Back to Top of Links
 

Back to Table of Contents

Back to Top
 

Comments and suggestions? E-mail me at Fabio.Ghironi@bc.edu.
 

Fabio Ghironi's teaching

Fabio Ghironi's Research

R@BC (Research at Boston College)

Home