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| Updated Sep. 17, 2008 |
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| Introduction
Few areas in medicine have advanced as rapidly in the last few decades as clinical airway management. Until the 1970s, tracheal intubation by direct laryngoscopy and blind nasal intubation were the most one could reasonably expect even from an experienced anesthesiologist. Many difficult airways were simply managed via awake tracheostomy. AUGUST 2008 | |
| A
Brief History of Clinical Airway Management Given the remarkable advances that have occurred in clinical airway management in recent years, clinicians may wonder how airway management was performed in earlier times. In fact, the art of clinical airway management is as old as medicine itself. AUGUST 2008 | |
| Airway
Management in the Patient Undergoing Bariatric Surgery
Patients who are obese present significant anesthetic and surgical challenges, however, the weight loss expected following bariatric procedures often is lifesaving. With weight loss, these patients can experience a correction of many physiologic changes associated with obesity, including retention of CO2, apnea events, chronic hypoxia, reduced lung volume and capacity, and polycythemia. AUGUST 2008 | |
| Airway
Management of Patients Undergoing Non-OR Procedures
Anesthesiologists are increasingly needed to provide analgesia or anesthesia for procedures performed outside the operating room (non-OR) that require the patient to be motionless, unaware, or unconscious. The demand is driven by new trends in advanced diagnostic and therapeutic techniques and also by the rising costs of health care. AUGUST 2008 | |
| Awake
Intubation: A Technique We Should Master Numerous pathologic and anatomical factors contribute to the difficulty of tracheal intubation. The six basic mechanisms responsible for difficult tracheal intubation appear in Table 1. AUGUST 2008 | |
| Current
Concepts and Clinical Use of The Supraglottic Airway Airway management is one of the cornerstones of anesthesia practice. The introduction of the laryngeal mask airway in 1988 revolutionized airway management and has contributed significantly to the evolution of modern anesthesia practice. AUGUST 2008 | |
| Extraglottic
Airway Devices in Pediatric Anesthesia Airway management is a major challenge in the practice of pediatric anesthesia. Adverse respiratory events have long been known to account for the largest proportion of critical perioperative episodes in children; recent studies reconfirm these findings despite the routine use of pulse oximetry and capnography. AUGUST 2008 | |
| GlideScope
Video Laryngoscopes: Case Studies in Airway Versatility This article contains a review of the GVL systems currently on the market, as well as 3 case studies describing how these instruments can be used in clinical practice. To request a free hard copy of this Procedural Breakthrough
article, please email your full name, mailing address, and
institution to anesthesiologynews@mcmahonmed.com | |
| Laryngeal
Mask Airway Devices: Three Maneuvers for Any Clinical Situation
During the past two decades, the laryngeal mask airway (LMA; LMA North America) and its variants have proved to be safe, effective, and minimally invasive airways in a wide variety of surgical procedures for patients who have fasted. The three maneuvers described below, developed by clinicians with considerable expertise in the use of these products, can help practitioners optimize their skill with these devices. AUGUST 2008 | |
| Lung
Isolation for Surgery: State of the Art The techniques and apparatus used for one-lung ventilation (OLV) have changed significantly in recent years. These changes have come largely in response to an increased use of OLV during lung surgery and the advent of newer, minimally invasive surgical procedures. AUGUST 2008 | |
| Sedation
and the Critical Airway All experienced anesthesiologists have cared for patients who by examination or history are determined to be difficult to ventilate by any means, and for whom tracheal intubation cannot be achieved easily and rapidly. These “critical airway” patients require specialized airway management. AUGUST 2008 | |
| Strategies
for Extubation of the Difficult Airway Intubation of the trachea has received overwhelming attention at the expense of extubation. Patient care issues related to extubation and the post-extubation period may lead to significant morbidity and mortality, be it in the operating room (OR), the postanesthesia care unit (PACU), or the intensive care unit (ICU), and they may exceed those occurring during intubation. AUGUST 2008 | |
| Video
Laryngoscopy and the Difficult Airway—Image Is Everything
Video laryngoscopes are a relatively new addition to the armamentarium of airway devices available to the airway manager. Although these instruments are more expensive than traditional direct laryngoscopes, they offer several advantages that may justify their expense. AUGUST 2008 |
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