The Mongol Empire: A Brief Chronology

(For additional detail, see the chronology in David Morgan, The Mongols, pp. 219-221;
for dynastic tables of the Mongol rulers, ibid., pp. 222-225.)

Date	Event
1160s	Birth of Temüjin, the future Chingis Khan.
1206	The kuriltai that recognized Chingis as supreme ruler.
1209	Uighurs (based in N. Tarim basin) submit, followed by Tanguts.
1215	Mongols take Beijing, the northern capital of Jurchen (Jin).
1219-1220	Mongols invade Central Asia, destroying state of Khwarezm Shah.
1223	First encounter of Mongols with Russian armies (guess who won).
1226-1227	Destruction of Tangut state.
1227	Chingis dies.
1235	Building of Karakorum on Orkhon R. as Mongol capital.
late 1230s	Mongol conquest of Eastern Europe.
1252	Empire-wide tax census.
1253-1255	William of Rubruck visits Mongol court in Karakorum.
1258	Conquest of Abbasid Caliphate.
1260s	Mongol capital moved to Beijing by Khubilai.
1261	Golden Horde and Genoa help Byzantines re-take Constantinople from Venetians/Latin crusaders.
1260s	Golden Horde treaty with Genoa; charter of privileges to Russian Church.
1270s-1290s	Marco Polo in China. The several parts of Mongol Empire go their separate ways.
1279	Mongols finish off Sung Dynasty.
1313-1341	Reign of Khan Özbeg in Golden Horde.
1325-1354	Travels of Ibn Battuta including a stay at Khan Özbeg's court.
ca. 1340	Pegolotti writes his handbook.
2nd half 14th c.	Most parts of Mongol Empire dissolved.
1368	End of Yüan (Mongol) Dynasty in China.
1395	Tamerlane destroys cities of Golden Horde.