Research


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Hung, L.H., Fukuda, B., Schmitz, R., Hoang, V., Lloyd, W., Yeung, K. Y., Accessible, interactive and cloud-enabled genomic workflows integrated with the NCI Genomic Data Commons. bioRxiv preprint:503660, February 2024. (preprint)

Hoang, V., Hung, L.H., Perez, D., Deng, H., Schooley, R., Arumilli, N., Yeung, K.Y., Lloyd, W., Container Profiler: Profiling Resource Utilization of Containerized Big Data Pipelines, GigaScience, Volume 12, (August) 2023, giad069. (preprint) (paper) (doi)

Guan, X., Chen, C., Ren, I., Yeung, K. Y., Hung, L. H., & Lloyd, W. J. (2022). Mobility Analysis Workflow (MAW): An accessible, interoperable, and reproducible container system for processing raw mobile data. arXiv preprint arXiv:2204.09125, April 2022. (preprint)

Hung, L.H., Niu, X., Lloyd, W., Yeung, K.Y., Accessible and interactive RNA sequencing analysis using serverless computing, bioRxiv preprint:576199 v2, October 2020. (preprint)

Deng, H., Hung, L.H., Schooley, R., Perez, D., Arumilli, N., Yeung, K.Y., Lloyd, W., Profiling Resource Utilization of Bioinformatics Workflows. arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.11491, May 2020. (preprint)

Hung, L.H., Hu, J., Meiss, T., Ingersoll, A., Lloyd, W., Kristiyanto, D., Xiong, Y., Sobie, E., Yeung, K.Y., Building Containerized Workflows Using the BioDepot-workflow-builder (Bwb), Cell Systems, doi: 10.1016/j.cels.2019.08.007, September 2019. (paper)

Hung, L.H., Kumanov, D., Niu, X., Lloyd, W., Yeung, K.Y., Rapid RNA sequencing data analysis using serverless computing, bioRxiv preprint:576199, March 2019. (preprint)

Kumanov, D., Hung, L.H., Lloyd, W., Yeung, K.Y., Serverless Computing Provides On-demand High Performance Computing for Biomedical Research. arXiv preprint:1807.11659, July 2018. (preprint)

Hung, L.H., Lloyd, W., Sridhar, R., Ravishankar, S., Xiong, Y., Sobie, E., Yueng, K., Holistic optimization of an RNA-seq workflow for multi-threaded environments, Bioinformatics, btz169, June 2018. (preprint) (paper)

Zhang, P., Hung, L.H., Lloyd, W., Yeung, K.Y., Hot-starting software containers for STAR aligner. GigaScience giy092, 7(8), 2018. (paper)

Lloyd, W., Pallickara, S., David, O., Arabi, M., Rojas, K., Wible, T., Ditty, J., Demystifying the Clouds: Harnessing Resource Utilizaiton Models for Cost Effective Infrastructure Alternatives, IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing, 2017, 5(4): 667-680, Oct 2017. (paper)

Dozier, A., David, O., Arabi, M., Lloyd, W., Zhang, Y., A Minimally Invasive Model Data Passing Interface for Integrating Legacy Environmental System Models, Environmental Modelling & Software, 80(6): 265-280, June 2016. (paper) 

Lloyd, W., Pallickara, S., David, O., Lyon, j., Arabi, M., Rojas, K., Performance Implications of Multi-Tier Application Deployments on Infrastructure-as-a-Service Clouds: Towards Performance Modeling, Future Generation Computer Systems, 29(5): 1254-1264, May 2013. (paper)

David, O., Ascough, J., Lloyd, W., Green, T., Rojas, K., Leavesley, G., Ajuha, L., 2012. A software engineering perspective on environmental modeling framework design: The Object Modeling System, Environmental Modelling & Software, 39(1), 201-213. (paper)

Lloyd, W., David, O., Ascough II, J.C., Rojas, K.W., Carlson, J.R., Leavesley, G.H., Krause, P., Green, T.R., Ahuja, L.R., 2011. Environmental modeling framework invasiveness: Analysis and implications. Environmental Modelling & Software, 26(10), 1240-1250. (paper)

Chen, X., Cordingly, R., Hung, L.H., Lloyd, W., X86 vs. ARM64: An Investigation of Factors Influencing Serverless Performance, 2023 9th International Workshop on Serverless Computing (WOSC 2023), Dec 11-15, 2023. (paper) (slides)

Bhaia, N., Cordingly, R., Hung, L.H., Lloyd, W., Understanding Container Isolation: An Investigation of Performance Implications of Container Runtimes, 2023 9th International Workshop on Container Technologies and Container Clouds (WoC 2023), Dec 11-15, 2023. (paper) (slides)

Mo, D., Cordingly, R., Chinn, D., Lloyd, W., Addressing Serverless Computing Vendor Lock-In through Cloud Service Abstraction, 2023 14th IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science (CloudCom 2023), Dec 4-6, 2023. (paper) (slides)

Cordingly, R., Lloyd, W., Enabling Serverless Sky Computing, 2023 11th IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering (IC2E 2023), Phd Symposium, Sept 25-28, 2023. (paper) (slides)

Cordingly, R., Kaur, J., Dwivedi, D., Lloyd, W., Towards Serverless Sky Computing: An Investigation on Global Workload Distribution to Mitigate Carbon Intensity, Network Latency, and Cost, 2023 11th IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering (IC2E 2023), Sept 25-28, 2023. Acceptance Rate 33.3% (paper) (slides)

Cordingly, R., Xu, S., Lloyd, W., Function Memory Optimization for Heterogeneous Serverless Platforms with CPU Time Accounting, 2022 10th IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering (IC2E 2022), Sept 26-30, 2022.
(paper) (slides)

Cordingly, R., Lloyd, W., FaaSET: A Jupyter notebook to streamline every facet of serverless development, 2022 13th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering: 5th Workshop on Hot Topics in Cloud Computing Performance (HotCloudPerf-2022), Apr 9, 2022. (paper) (slides) (video)

Lambion, D., Schmitz, R., Cordingly, R., Heydari, N., Lloyd, W., Characterizing X86 and ARM Serverless Performance Variation: A Natural Language Processing Case Study, 2022 13th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering: 5th Workshop on Hot Topics in Cloud Computing Performance (HotCloudPerf-2022), Apr 9, 2022. (paper) (slides) (video)

Quinn, S., Cordingly, R., Lloyd, W., Implications of Alternative Serverless Application Control Flow Methods, 2021 22nd ACM/IFIP International Middleware Conference: 7th International Workshop on Serverless Computing (WoSC '21), Dec 6-10, 2021. (paper) (slides) (video)

Yu, H., Irissappane, A., Wang, W., Lloyd, W., FaaSRank: Learning to Schedule Functions in Serverless Platforms. 2nd IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing and Self-Organizing Systems (ACSOS 2021), Sept 27 - Oct 1, 2021. Acceptance Rate 25% (paper) (slides) (video)

Cordingly, R., Heydari, N., Yu, H., Hoang, V., Sadeghi, Z., Lloyd, W., Enhancing Observability of Serverless Computing with the Serverless Application Analytics Framework, Tutorial Paper. 2021 12th ACM/SPEC International Conference on Performance Engineering (ICPE '21), Apr 19-23, 2021. (paper) (slides) (tutorial) (video)

Cordingly, R., Yu, H., Hoang, V., Sadeghi, Z., Foster, D., Perez, D., Hatchett, R., Lloyd, W., The Serverless Application Analytics Framework: Enabling Design Trade-off Evaluation for Serverless Software, 2020 21st ACM/IFIP International Middleware Conference: 6th International Workshop on Serverless Computing (WoSC '20), Dec 7-11, 2020. (paper) (slides) (video) (demo) (lightning talk)

Perez, D., Hung, L.H., Xu, S., Yeung, K.Y., Lloyd, W., An Investigation on Public Cloud Performance Variation for an RNA Sequencing Workflow, In Proceedings of the 2020 ACM International Conference on Bioinformatics, Computational Biology, and Health Informatics (ACM BCB ParBio 2020), September 2020. (paper) (slides) (video)

Cordingly, R., Shu, W., Lloyd, W., Predicting Performance and Cost of Serverless Computing Functions with SAAF, 2020 6th IEEE International Conference on Cloud and Big Data Computing (CBDCOM 2020), Aug 17-24, 2020. Acceptance Rate 27% (paper) (slides) (video)

Cordingly, R., Yu, H., Hoang, V., Perez, D., Foster, D., Sadeghi, Z., Hatchett, R., Lloyd, W., Implications of Programming Language Selection for Serverless Data Processing Pipelines, 2020 6th IEEE International Conference on Cloud and Big Data Computing (CBDCOM 2020), Aug 17-24, 2020. Acceptance Rate 40% (short paper) (paper) (slides) (video)

Perez, D., Hung, L.H., Xu, S., Yeung, K.Y., Lloyd, W., Characterizing Performance Variation of Genomic Data Analysis Workflows on the Public Cloud, 2020 6th IEEE International Conference on Cloud and Big Data Computing (CBDCOM 2020), Aug 17-24, 2020. (paper) (slides) (video)

Han, X., Schooley, R., Mackenzie, D., David, O., Lloyd, W., Characterizing Public Cloud Resource Contention to Support Virtual Machine Co-residency Prediction, 2020 8th IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering (IC2E 2020), Apr 21-24, 2020. Acceptance Rate 21.2% (paper) (slides) (video)

Fotouhi, M., Chen, D., Lloyd, W., Function-as-a-Service Application Service Composition: Implications for a Natural Language Processing Application, 2019 20th ACM/IFIP International Middleware Conference: 5th Workshop on Serverless Computing (WoSC '19), December 2019. (paper) (slides)

Niu, X., Kumanov, D., Hung, L.H., Lloyd, W., Yeung. K.Y., Leveraging Serverless Computing to Improve Performance for Sequence Comparison, In Proceedings of the 2019 ACM International Conference on Bioinformatics, Computational Biology, and Health Informatics (ACM BCB ParBio 2019), September 2019. (paper) (slides)

Vu, M., Zhang, B., David, O., Leavesley, G., Lloyd, W., Improving Application Migration to Serverless Computing Platforms: Latency Mitigation with Keep-Alive Workloads, In 2018 11th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Utility and Cloud Computing Workshops: 4th Workshop on Serverless Computing (WoSC '18), December 2018. (paper) (slides)

Zhang, B., Lloyd, W., David, O., Leavesley, G., Going Serverless: Evaluating the Potential of Serverless Computing for Environmental Modeling Application Hosting, iEMSs 2018 International Congress on Environmental Modeling and Software - Modelling for Sustainable Food-Energy-Water Systems, Ninth Biennial Meeting, Fort Collins, CO, USA, June 2018, abstract. (paper) (slides)

Lloyd, W., Ramesh, S., Chinthalapati, S., Ly, L., Pallickara, S., Serverless Computing: An Investigation of Factors Influencing Microservice Performance, IEEE Int. Conf. on Cloud Engineering (IC2E 2018), Apr 17-20, 2018. Acceptance Rate 19% (paper) (slides)

Lahmann, G., McCann, T., Lloyd, W., Container Memory Allocation Discrepancies: An Investigation on Memory Utilization Gaps for Container-Based Application Deployments, 4th IEEE International Workshop on Container Technologies and Container Clouds (WoC 2018), in conjunction with IC2E 2018, Orland, FL, 2018. (paper) (slides)

Lloyd, W., Pallickara, S., David, O., Arabi, M., Rojas, K. Mitigating Resource Contention and Heterogeneity in Public Clouds for Scientific Modeling Services, IEEE Int. Conf. on Cloud Engineering (IC2E 2017), Apr 4-7, 2017. Acceptance Rate 33% (industry tr.) (paper) (slides)

Lloyd, W., David, O., Arabi, M., Ascough II, J., Green, T., Carlson, R., Rojas, K. The Virtual Machine (VM) Scaler: An Infrastructure Manager Supporting Environmental Modeling on IaaS Clouds. iEMSs 2014 International Congress on Environmental Modeling and Software - Bold Visions for Environmental Modelling, Seventh Biennial Meeting, San Diego, CA, USA, June, 2014, 8 p. (paper) 

Carlson, J., David, O., Lloyd, W., Leavesley, G., Rojas, R., Green, T., Arabi, M., Yaege, L., Kipka, H., Data Provisioning for the Object Modeling System (OMS). iEMSs 2014 International Congress on Environmental Modeling and Software - Bold Visions for Environmental Modelling, Seventh Biennial Meeting, San Diego, CA, USA, June, 2014, 8 p. (paper) 

David, O., Lloyd, W., Rojas, K., Arabi, M., Geter, F., Ascough, J., Green, T., Leavesley, G., Carlson, J., Model-as-a-Service (MaaS) using the Cloud Services Innovation Platform (CSIP). iEMSs 2014 International Congress on Environmental Modeling and Software - Bold Visions for Environmental Modelling, Seventh Biennial Meeting, San Diego, CA, USA, June, 2014, 8 p. (paper) 

Wible, T., Lloyd, W., David, O., Arabi, M., Cyberinfrastructure for Scalable Acccess to Stream Flow Analysis. iEMSs 2014 International Congress on Environmental Modeling and Software - Bold Visions for Environmental Modelling, Seventh Biennial Meeting, San Diego, CA, USA, June, 2014, 6 p. (paper)  

Lloyd, W., Pallickara, S., David, O., Arabi, M., Rojas, K., Dynamic Scaling for Service Oriented Applications: Implications of Virtual Machine Placement on IaaS Clouds, IEEE Int. Conf. on Cloud Engineering (IC2E 2014), Mar 10-14, 2014. Acceptance Rate 33.3% (short paper) (paper) (slides)

Lloyd, W., Pallickara, S., David, O., Lyon, J., Arabi, M., Rojas, K., Service Isolation vs. Consolidation: Implications for IaaS Cloud Application Deployment, IEEE Int. Conf. on Cloud Engineering (IC2E 2013), Mar 25-27, 2013, pp.21-30. Acceptance Rate 20.5% (paper) (slides)

Lloyd, W., Pallickara, S., David, O., Lyon, j., Arabi, M., Rojas, K., Performance Modeling to Support Multi-Tier Application Deployment to Infrastructure-as-a-Service Clouds, IEEE/ACM Int. Conf. on Utility and Cloud Computing (UCC 2012), Nov 5-8, 2012, 8p. Acceptance Rate 27% (paper) (slides)

Lloyd, W., David, O., Lyon, J., Rojas, K., Ascough II, J., Green, T., Carlson, R., The Cloud Services Innovation Platform - Enabling Service-Based Environmental Modelling Using Infrastructure-as-a-Service Cloud Computing. iEMSs 2012 International Congress on Environmental Modeling and Software - Managing Resources of a Limited Planet, Sixth Biennial Meeting, Leipzig, Germany, July, 2012, 8 p. (paper) (slides)

Lloyd, W., Pallickara, S., David, O., Lyon, J., Arabi, M., Rojas, K., Migration of Multi-tier Applications to Infrastructure-as-a-Service Clouds: An Investigation Using Kernel-Based Virtual Machines, Proc. 12th IEEE/ACM Intl. Conf. On Grid Computing (GRID 2011), Lyon, France, Sept 21-23, 2011, pp. 137-143. Acceptance Rate 29% (paper) (slides)

Lloyd, W., David, O., Ascough II, J., et al., Environmental Modeling Framework Invasiveness: Analysis and Implications. In: Swayne, Yang, Voinov, Rizzoli, and Filatova (Eds.), iEMSs 2010 International Congress on Environmental Modeling and Software - Modeling for Environment's Sake, Fifth Biennial Meeting, Ottawa, Canada, July 5-8, 2010, 8 p. (paper) (slides)

Lloyd, W., David, O., Ascough, J.C., et. al., An exploratory investigation on the invasiveness of environmental modeling frameworks, MODSIM 09. International Congress on Modeling and Simulation. The Modeling and Simulation Society of Australia, Cairns, Australia, August 2009, 7 p. (paper) (slides)

Lloyd, W., A Common Criteria Based Approach for COTS Component Selection, 6th annual Young Researcher's Workshop held in conjunction with GPCE04, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2004. (paper) (slides)

Lloyd, W., Rosson, M., Arthur, J., Effectiveness of Elicitation Tecniques in Distributed Requirements Engineering, 2002 International Conference on Requirements Engineering (RE'02), Essen, Germany, Sept 2002. Acceptance Rate 17% (paper) (slides)

Schoenhoff, P., Henry, S., and Lloyd, W., Software Development Teams Evaluation, Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Infrastructure for Electronic Business, Science, and Education on the Internet (SSGRR), L'Aquila, Italy, August 2001.

Lloyd, W., PhD Dissertation: Autonomous Management of Cost, Performance, and Resource Uncertainty for Migration of Applications to Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) Clouds, October 24, 2014. (paper) (slides)

Lloyd, W., PhD Dissertation Proposal: Autonomous Resource Management for Multi-tier Application Deployment to Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) Clouds, August 7, 2012. (paper) (slides)

Lloyd, W., Tools and Techniques for Effective Distributed Requirements Engineering: An Empirical Study. Masters Thesis, Virginia Tech 2001. (paper) (slides)