--Muscles and Skeletal Muscule Tissue -----------------------------

What is the function of skeletal muscle. (3-4 things)

Explain how skeletal muscle can be excitable, contractile?

What roles do blood vessels, nerves, connective tissue and joints play in the function of muscle?

Why must muscles work in antagonistic pairs?

How do muscles shorten when they contract?

How do muscles generate heat?

Which proteins in a muscle generate force?

Know the function and composition of each structure-

• muscle cell
• myofibril
• sarcomere
• thick and thin filaments/ A-band and I-Band

Draw a picture of a sarcomere- label all the parts

• Draw a picture of your biceps muscle- now show where you would find the muscel cells and where the sarcomere is in this picture?

What function does each of the following perform in a skeletal muscle cell:

• nucleus,
• SR,
• T-tubule,
• mitochondria.

List the steps in a muscle contraction.

• From the motor neuron sending an Action Potential to the contraction and then to relaxation.

What happens at the NMJ --(neuromuscular junction)?

• What would happen if Ach was not released?
• If Ach receptor was blocked or destroyed?
• If there was no sodium in interstitial space surrounding muscle cell?
• If there was no calcium released from the SR?
• If Calcium pumps on the SR were inhibited?

How is calcium released from the SR?

What causes calcium to move from the SR to the troponin (Tn)?

What causes calcium to move back into the SR ?

Know the steps in the Sliding Filament theory of muscle contraction

• What keeps myosin from binding to actin?
• What would happen if the cell ran out of ATP?

Which of the following shorten during a muscle contraction:

• thick filament,
• thin filament,
• sarcomere,
• A-band and or I-band.

What causes a muscle contraction to end?

If I wanted to prevent a muscle from contraction name one thing I could remove from the muscle cell- defend your answer.

What is muscle hypertrophy? Atrophy?--

what causes each of these. What happens at the level of the muscle cell?

What are slow and fast fibers?

• What color are they?
• why are they this color?

How can the body generate more force from a muscle like the biceps?

What is a twitch? How does it differ from tetany?

What is the function of the DNA in a muscle cell nucleus ?