Exam 4 Study Guide REVISED 6/4/2014
Disclaimer: This is intended
as a study aid. It is not a complete description of everything discussed
in class, nor an exhaustive list of information that might be tested on an exam.
This is not intended to be a substitute for class attendance.
LECTURE OUTLINE
Psychological Disorders
I. Difficulty in determining if someone is ill, and problem of diagnosis if they are.
A. Rosenhan study
II. Schizophrenia
A. definition
B. diagnostic criteria
C. types
1. positive symptom
2. negative symptom
D. Causes
1. genetic component
a. population risk factors
2. environmental stressor
E. Schizophrenia and the brain
1. dopamine hypothesis -- what is it? what evidence supports it?
F. Treatment
1. antipsychotic drugs
A. types
1. unipolar (major depression)
2. bipolar (manic-depression)
B. Contrasting normal depression with major depression
C. Incidence
D. Causes and treatment
1. Biological approach: chemical imbalance in brain
a. role of serotonin and norepinephrine
b. classes of antidepressant drugs (and their relative effectiveness and side effects)
c. problem with “chemical imbalance” claim, alternative theories (for example, glutamate hypothesis; see class notes)
2. other treatments
a. ECT
IV. Anxiety Disorders
A. Phobic disorders
1. simple phobias
2. complex phobias
a.
agoraphobia
b.
social phobias
c.
hypochondriasis
B. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Therapy
I. Types of therapy
A. Humanistic therapy
1. Rogers
a. assumptions
b therapy rationale
c tools
2. Perls
a. assumptions
b therapy rationale
c tools
B. Behavior Therapy
1. assumptions
2 therapy rationale
3 tools
C. Psychoanalysis (Freudian therapy)
1. assumptions
2 therapy rationale
3 tools
Social Psychology
I. Influence of social roles and social influences on behavior
A. Social roles: Zimbardo Standy Prison Study
B. Social influences: Obedience (Milgram "Shock" study)
1. Extensions of Milgram's study
2. conclusions from Milgram's study
3. obedience in the real world (Hofling et al study)
II. Social Relations
A. Love
1. types of love
B. Dating
1. dyadic factors leading to breaking up
2. nondyadic factors
C. Marriage and divorce
1. statistics
2. what makes a happy marriage?
3. divorce
Topics to pay particular attention to:
Disorders
Mood disorders
Symptoms
Drug treatment (types of drugs, what they do, how effective are they)
Other types of treatment
Schizophrenia
Symptoms
Biological cause?
Drug treatment, including effects of drugs & side effects (see chapter 16)
prognosis
Anxiety disorders
Including phobias, OCD, panic attacks, generalized anxiety disorder
Dissociative disorders
Therapy
Be familiar with rationale and tools used by psychoanalysis, client-centered therapy, behavioral therapy, and cognitive-behavioral therapy
Effectiveness of therapy and relative effectiveness of different therapies
Read the section on drug therapy
Social Psych
Many questions about the Milgram “shock” study and the tendency to obey authority figures
Stanford Prison study, influence of social roles