1. PART: The Problem of Industrial Transformation (p.1)
   1. Industrial Geography
      • Approaches to Industrial Geography (p.3)
        • From the Idiographic to the Nomothetic
        • Conventional Theoretical Approaches
        • Radical Theoretical Approaches
      • Manufacturing Industry (p.12)
      • Conclusion (p.14)

   2. Manufacturing Change in Historical Perspective
      • The Evolution of Manufacturing Industry (p.17)
        • Traditional Manufacturing Industry
        • The Industrial Revolution and the Factory System
        Industrialization as a Process of Creative Destruction (p.24)
        • Shifts in Techno-Economic Paradigms
      • Industrialization as a Debate Between Flexible Specialization and Mass Production (p.35)
      • From Fordist Mass Production to Flexible or Lean Production
        • Fordist & Flexible Production Systems [Author's Webpage]
        • The Flexible Specialization Debate [Author's Webpage]
        • From Internal to Social division of Labor
        • Towards more Flexible Workforces
        • From Linear to Loopy R&D
      • Conclusion (p.43)
   3. The Geography of Manufacturing (p.45)
      • The Geographic Unevenness of Manufacturing (p.46)
        • The Global Distribution of Manufacturing since 1750: An Overview
        • Contemporary Global Patterns in Manufacturing Production (p.49)
        • Contemporary Global Patterns of Trade (p.53)
        • The Regional Dimension of Industrialization (p.57)
        • Spatial Shifts in Manufacturing Employment: The U.S. case (p.62)
          • Intra-Metropolitan Shifts (p.65)
          • The Non-Metropolitan Shift (p.66)
          • The Unpredictability of Locational Evolution (p.66)
        • Trends Elsewhere (p.67)
      • The Manufacturing Sector in Economic Development (p.68)
        • Does Industry Matter Anymore?
        • National Policies Toward Industrialization: A Comment (p.73)
          • The Historical Importance of Economic Nationalism (p.74)
          • Canada & Sweden as Late Developers
          • Can the NICs be cloned? (p.75)
      • Conclusions (p.76)

2. PART: The Location of Factories
   • Factory Location and the Theory of the Firm (p.79)
   4. Location Conditions and Location Factors (p.83)
      • What Places Offer Industry: A Typology of Location Conditions
        • Materials, Markets and Transportation (p.85)
          • Market Potential (p.88)
        • Labor
        • External Economies of Scale (p.91)
          • Mobile and Immobile External Economies [Author's Webpage]
          Community Infrastructure and Amenity
        • Capital
        • Land
        • Environment
        • Government (p.97)
      • What Industry Seeks in Places: The Nature of Location Factors (p.98)
        • Location Surveys
        • The Product Cycle Model
        • Control Functions (p.102)
          • Head-Office Location Factors
          • R&D Location Factos
        • Innovative Manufacturing
        • Branch Plants (p.106)
        • Factory Closure (p.108)
      • Conclusion (p.110)

   5. Factory Location as a Cost-Minimizing Exercise
      • Attributes of Homo Oeconomicus (p.111)
      • Firms as Black Boxes: Landscapes as Space Cost (Revenue) Surfaces (The Weber Model and Beyond) (p.112)
        • The Effect of Transportation Costs on Industrial Location
          • Material Index (MI) [ = weight of localized raw materials / weight of final product] (p.114)
          • Labor, External Economies and Other Costs (p.115)
          • Spatial Margins to Profitability
        • The Principle of Substitution (Isard's and Moses' Contributions) (p.117)
        • Locational Interdependence and Revenue Surfaces
          • Central Place Theory (p.121)
          • Hotelling (p.122)
        • Uncertainty and the Principle of Adap(ta)tion and Adoption (p.123)
        • Location Adjustment Possibilities (p.123)
          1. Spatial horizon of adjustments
             1. In-situ adjustments,
                • In-Situ Change
             2. Inter-site adjustments (in multi-site firms)
             3. New sites (or plant closure)
          2. Organizational horizons: Adjustment advantages of large, multi-locatonal forms
          3. Time horizons
             1. Short-run
             2. Medium-run
             3. Long-run
        • Industrial Location Policy in a Neoclassical Landscape (p.125)
      • Cost Structures and Locational Orientation (p.128)
        • Primary Manufacturing
        • Secondary Manfacturing (p.131)
      • Conclusion (p.134)

   6. The Location of Factories as a Decision-Making Process [Behavioral approach:
      Preferences of decision-makers;
      Explanation of these preferences focuses on search for and evaluation of information]
      • Firms as Information Processors: Landscapes as Information Beds (p.138)
        • Behavioral Propositions
          
          • Alternative Rationalities (Simon) (p.138)
            
          • "Satisficing" as an alternative to "optimizing" (Simon) (p.138)
            
          • Cyert & March (1963)
          • Pred's Behavioral Matrix (p.140)
          • Uncertainty (p.143)
          • Learning and Decision-Making Experience (p. 144)
            • Appendix: Come By Chance Oil Refinery Re-starts (correction of p.145) [Author's Webpage]
      • Stages in the Locational Decision-Making Process (p.146)
        • Decision-Making Processes (p.147)
        • The Decision Stimulus or Trigger (p.148)
        • The Location Decision as an Alternative (p.149)
        • Locational Search Processes
        • Locational Evaluation (p.151)
          • Methods of Locational Evaluation: (p.152) Kepner- Tregoe's "Musts and Wants"
            1. "Musts" (essential minimum requirements, used to develop 'short list' of acceptable sites)
            2. "Wants" (desirable location features, weighted and scored to select final choice)
        • Investment Decisions and Post-Locational Assessments (p.153)
      • The Locational Preferences of Foreign Firms (p.154)
        • The Behavioral Underpinnings of Foreign Branch Plant Location (p.155)
        • Industrial Location Policy in a Behavioral Landscape (p.158)
      • Conclusions (p.159)

   7. The Location of Factories as a Strategic Process
      • Firms as Institutions: Landscapes as Countervailing Powers (p.162)
        • Corporate Strategy and Structure
          • Types of Corporate Strategy (p.163)
          • The Corporate Structure Follows Strategy Thesis
        • Economic Landscapes as Countervailing Powers (p.165)
          • Oligopolistic Rivalry: Locational Hypotheses
          • Spatial Forms of Collusion (p.167)
          • Governments, Labour and Other Sources of Countervailing Power (p.168)
      • Corporate Strategy: Bargaining over Location (p.170)
        • Multinationals and Nation States (p.171)
          • The Icelandic Aluminium Company (ISAL) [Author's Webpage]
        • Location as a Bairgaining Strategy with Labor (p.175)
          • The Significance of New Locations
        • Re-Interpretation of the Product Cycle Model (p.177)
        • More Complex Bargains
          • Uddevalla Lives

            Dynamics of Industrial Location notes that Volvo's new auto factory at Uddevalla, which pioneered a radical experiment in work organization, was closed (see pp.'s 180-83 and pp. 299-301). Happily this factory has been re-opened..."

        • The Internationalization of Bargaining Processes
          • Volkswagen's First North American Strategy (p.183) [Original References and Abstract]
        • Industrial Location Policy as a Bargain
      • Conclusion (p.187)

3. The Manufacturing Firm and its Geography
   8. The Size Distribution of Firms: Geographical Perspectives
      • Corporate Concentration [Author's Webpage]
      • Size Distribution of Firms [An important new study, Author's Webpage]
   9. Formation and function of New (and Small) Firms
   10. Medium-Size Firms, Big Firms Locally
       • Backbone Firms [Author's Webpage]

   11. The Growth of Multinational Firms
       • Perspectives on International Firms
         • DFI as a Form of Internalization (p.267)
         • Direct Foreign Investment (p.268)
         • FDI - cont. (incl. definition) [Author's Webpage]
       • International Firms: A Theory of Locational Entry (p.271)
         • Spatial Entry Barriers
         • Spatial entry Advantages
         • Exporting: A Comment (p.282)
       • The Post-Entry Behavior of Foreign-Controlled Activities (p.285)
         • Foreign Branch Plants: Does Strategy Follow Structure?
         • The Obscolescing Bargain
         • The Accumulating Bargain (p.288)
       • Conclusion (p.289)
       • A Kibbutz-based MNC [Author's Webpage, 1999 addition]

   12. Corporate Restructuring and Employment Flexibility
       • Corporate Dimensions of Restructuring (p.291)
         • The Interrelated Faces of Restructuring
         • Core Firms and Segmented Labor (p.294)
       • New Locations and Flexible Workforces
         • Creating Core Workforces in New Locations: GM's Saturn Plant (p.299)
         • Peripheral Workforces in New Locations: The Importance of Women (p.301)
       • In Situ Change and Flexible Workforces
         • Renegotiating Core Workforces in situ: MacMillan Bloedel in BC (p.308)
         • Maintaining peripheral workforces in situ (p.311)
         • Skill Formation of Doubly Peripheral Workforces
       • Conclusions: The Illusion of the Spatial Division of Labor

4. Production Systems and Local Development (p.317)
   13. Production Systems and Industrial Districts (p.319)
       • The Internal and Social Division of Labor (p.320)
         • The Transaction Cost Model (p.320)
         • Subcontracting: Linking the Internal and Social Divions of Labour
       • Geographic Multipliers (p.325)
       • The Nature of Industrial Districts (p.329)
       • Conclusions: Diverse Trends in Production Systems
   14. Core-Firm-Dominated Production Systems and the Japanese Auto Industry

   15. Production Systemns in Home and Host Economies
       • Home (Donor) Economies
         • The Impacts of (Outwards) DFI on the Structure of Home Economies (p.378)
         • Global Cities as the Apogee of Home Economies (p.382)
       • Host Economies
         • The major Host Economies
         • The Paradox of DFI for Host Economies (p.389)
           • Branch Plant Propositions
       • Canada as A Truncated Production System
         • Characteristics of Truncation Production Systems within Canada (p.391)
       • Host-Country Policies Towards DFI (p.397)
         • Export Processing Zones
         • Joint Ventures
       • Conclusion (p.400)

   16. De-Industrialized Regions: Restructured and Rejuvenating?
       • Dimensions of De-Industrialization (p.401)
         • Recessions (p.403)
         • Unemployment: the Social Consequences
         • Local Examples of De-Industrialization (p.404)
           • Coventry & Sheffield
       • The Explanation of De-Industrialization (p.410)
         • The Complexity of De-Industrialization
           • Trade Perspectives (p.411)
           • Investment Perspectives (p.412)
           • Neoconservative Perspectives (p.413)
           • Management Perspectives (p.414)
           • Institutional Perspectives
       • Towards Rejuvenation (p.416)
         • The Diversity of Local Responses
         • Possibilities for Flexible Specialization
       • Conclusions (p.422)

   17. Industrial Transformation and Jobs: Contemporary Dilemmas (p.425)
       • The Jobs Challenge (p.426)
         • The Scope of the Problem
           • Alternative Explanations for High Unemployment (p.429)
           • Industry and the Environment
         • Industry and Local Development: Turning the Kaleidoscope
       • Conclusions

   Appendix 1: Indeces of Localization, Diversification and Shift-Share Analysis

   • Location Quotient (p.434)
   • Coefficient of Specialization (p.435)
   • Shift-Share Analysis (p.435)

   Appendix 2: Input-Output Analysis: An Introduction (p.441)

   • The Gross Flows or Transactions Table
   • Input-Coefficient Table
   • Leontief's Inverse Matrix
   • Income Multipliers (p.444)

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