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Review Sheet for 207 Finals (no further additions!)
(http://faculty.washington.edu/krumme/207/99/review1.html)
207 Glossary!
Other Glossaries
Notebook Guidelines
"Old" 207 Examinations
A few suggestions for writing
statements or essays in the pressure cooker (under construction!)
| accessibility | |
| agglomeration economies / -- diseconomies | |
| air transportation | what do you think is the basis of the fascination of economic geographers with airports, air transportation and tourism (as we found out last Wednesday?) |
| allocation mechanism (allocation of resources) | |
| authority constraints | |
| backward linkages (in industrial linkage analysis) | |
| Bases for Spatial Interaction (Ullman) | |
| Basic Activities (Economic Base Analysis) | |
| Beta Index (Network Analysis) | |
| birth cohort | |
| bundling (in Hägerstrand's Time Geography) | |
| Christaller, Walter | Believe it or not, Christaller did not just formulate a theory of central places, but also a theory of peripheral places. Suggest where he might have gone with this idea. In other words, what kinds of location patterns could possibly be explained with such a theory and how? Can you think of any analogies for the threshold and range concepts for such a theory? |
| c.i.f. pricing | |
| complementarity (Ullman) | |
| complexity, complex environments, complex structures, complex change | |
| compositional structure (as different from an interdependence structure) | |
| concept, conceptual framework | Briefly explain the major elements of the "conceptual framework" we are using for this introductory economic geography class |
| congestion externalities vs. pollution externalities | difference in the way in which they are externalized? |
| connectivity | difference between connectivity and accessibility? |
| consulting | The nature, functions, information needs, and conceptual needs of consulting activities; |
| coupling constraints (Hägerstrand) | |
| cyber-space | location problems in cyberspace and the electronic mall? |
| decisions: location decision theory | as different from "locational decision-making theory" |
| deductive and inductive models | |
| dependent / independent variable | |
| distance elasticity of demand | e.g. social implications? |
| diversification strategy | |
| economic distance | Why do we distinguish between physical and economic distance in geographic analysis? |
| education and the economy | Suggest how we may be able to apply cohort analysis (i.e. the quantitative tracking of birth cohorts) to the relationship between between the educational sector and the economy (in China or elsewhere)? |
| Engel's Law or Engel's Curve | Significance for the geographic analysis of structural/compositional change? |
| environment | economic, political, natural/physical, man-made etc./ |
| "exogenous" (as different from "endogenous") components of a model | |
| export substitution | Explain how an export-substitution strategy may change regional employment levels as well as the employment structure of a region. |
| externalities | |
| fertility rates (different kinds?) | Would you agree that the use of fertility rates represents an "improvement" over the use of raw birth rates? Why? |
| "final demand" sectors (in input-output analysis) | |
| flexibility strategy | |
| F.O.B. pricing | |
| Fordism | |
| footloose activity | If many economic activities are becoming more footloose, does that mean that locational analysis becomes more or less important(and for whom?)? |
| forward linkages (in industrial linkage analysis) | Would a marketing director or the procurement officer be more interested in the forward linkages of an industrial plant? Well, let's assume it is the marketing director: Assuming that he knows what a 'transaction table' is and actually has one at his disposal, what would he have to do to identify not only direct forward linkages but also indirect ones? |
| game theory | |
| GeoBase | What in the world is that? |
| governmental roles in locational decision-making | |
| gravity model | |
| gross national product (GNP) | |
| Hägerstrand, Torsten | Contribution? |
| headquarters, corporate HQ | "Is the location of corporate headquarters of any consequence to regional development patterns?" As a conceptually trained economic geographer, how would you prepare an empirical exploration of this question? |
| hierarchical organization | |
| homogeneous region | |
| host country impacts and issues | |
| impacts: economic impact analysis | Would a regional economic development officer responsible for tracking economic impacts be more interested in the rows or the columns of an input-output table? Why? |
| import substitution | in local or regional multiplier-type analyses; also as part of an industrialization policy of developing countries |
| income elasticity of demand | effect on spatial structures and processes of change? |
| induced effects | in local income- or employment oriented analysis, based on economic base or input-output analysis; what is the difference between induced and indirect input coefficients? |
| industrial inertia | What is it and why does it exist, particularly in the steel industry? |
| industrialization economies (2/4) | |
| "infant industry argument" (2/18) | Contribution? |
| inflation | is inflation mobile? can it be imported and exported? |
| informal sector of the economy | (mentioned in the context of street children in 3rd world countries) |
| input-output analysis (I-O) | What does I-O analysis have to do with forward and backward linkages? |
| intensity & land | intensity of land use vs. land-intensive activity (difference?) |
| inter-industry linkages | |
| intervening opportunities (lack of ...) | Do intervening opportunities increase or decrease the spatial interaction between points A and B? |
| isodapane (A.Weber); also: "critical" isodapane | theoretical/analytical function in locational analysis? |
| joint-use economies (as different from interaction economies) (2/4) | How do these agglomeration benefits relate to Hägerstrand's coupling constraints? |
| k = 3 system (Christaller) (2/4) | explain Christaller's theoretical spatial pattern (on your instructor's tie on Feb.4) |
| Leontief, Wassily | Contribution? |
| "Leontief coefficient" | |
| localization economies (2/4) | |
| localized materials (2/4) | significance in Weber's model? |
| location quotient | Location quotients have more to do with regions than with locations: Why do we need to know something about the nature of the regions which we use for calculating location quotients? |
| Lowry model | |
| merit goods (or: the merit argument of government involvement) | |
| minimax/maximin strategy | How would you characterize the way in which this game strategy deals with "uncertainty"? |
| model | theoretical or analytical, inductive or deductive |
| multiplier | regional income- and employment multipliers |
| network analysis | |
| nodal region | |
| noxious facilities (2/18) | issues in finding sites for noxious facilities |
| Post-Fordism | |
| primary, secondary, tertiary (+ quaternary, quinary) sectors in the economy | Why has the "Three-Sector Hypothesis [TSH] increased to a "Five-Sector Hypothesis"? |
| prism (daily prism, Hägerstrand) | Speculate about applying Hägerstrand's concept to the operation of a "Bus Barn" of Metro or to the flight operations logistics of Delta Airlines |
| product life cycle (2/4) | |
| production function | Do you think it is legitimate to compare a production function with Grandma's recipe? |
| public good (2/18) | |
| (outer) range of a good (2/4) | explain its relationship to "distance elasticity of demand" |
| real estate | Why is the real estate sector of such interest to economic geographers as well as to the electronic-commerce community? |
| region and regionalization | If regionalization is a form of classification, how would you apply whatever you may know about "classifications" to the identification of regions for purposes of analysis |
| risk | What would be a simple but meaningful to describe the difference between risk and uncertainty (with one example) |
| scale economies / -- diseconomies | The more significant scale economies are in the operation of a store or plant, the less important are the transport costs as a "space differentiating" or locational force! Explain! |
| services | different types? export services? business services? consumer services? information services? |
| shift (in a compositional structure) | |
| short- and long run analysis | Why and how do we differentiate the short- from the long run perspective? |
| "SIC" = Standard Industrial Classification | what is that? what does it have to do with measuring structural change? |
| "space-differentiating forces?" | Which were the three primary economic (sets of) s.d. forces (or independent locational variables) in our 207 framework? |
| spatial allocation | |
| "structure" & "structural change" | What might we mean by "structure" in geographic analysis, and why are we interested in structural change? |
| structural change as (a) compositional change; and (b) change in interdependences (e.g. change of input coefficients) | |
| tele-commuting | |
| terms of trade | What do we mean by "improving terms of trade"? |
| terminal costs (in transportation) | Why is it important to make a distinction between the fixed and variable components of total transport costs? |
| third sector (Rifkin) | What does Rifkin's "Third Sector" have to do with "Service-Learning"? |
| threshold range (2/4) | significance for market area analysis & central place theory |
| time (and tourism) | challenge your abstract mind and suggest to our tourism consultants a simple theory of tourist behavior which includes time-constraints, financial constraints and economic distance |
| transaction table (or "flow table") (in input-output analysis) | Can you read the transaction table in columns or rows or both? What do individual entries mean? |
| transferability (Ullman) | |
| truncation; truncated structure (3/11) | |
| turbulence (in economic environments) | How would you describe (and differentiate between) situations in which corporations are facing "turbulence" in their environments |
| ubiquitous / ubiquity | Significance in Weber's analysis? |
| Edward Ullman | Explain what Ullman meant by "complementarity?" |
| uncertainty | How would you conceptualize different causes of uncertainty?
Why is uncertainty such an important factor in locational decision-making? Present at last one example for all of the strategic responses to uncertainty you are familiar with. |
| urbanization economies (2/4) | |
| Alfred Weber | How would you have to modify the crucial variables if you wanted to apply the Weber model of industrial location to the explanation of residential or recreational location problems? |
| weightloss in production process | significance in Weber's analysis? |
- focus on particular aspects of above concepts
- focus on particular applications of above concepts to real world issues, not necessarily in the area for which a concept may have been originally designated;
- pick pairs of above concepts and ask for relationships between them;
- relate concepts to your project content / area of specialization
- ask for details of any of the required readings, including for week 7, in as much as the readings had something to do with what was discussed in class.
- relate concepts covered in class to concepts repeatedly mentioned and at least once thoroughly explained in the required readings.