Please hand-in Part I before starting Part II on a separate sheet of paper.

PART I: Short Answers (Select three, equal weights, Total time: 15 minutes)

1. Describe the interaction between beneficial or detrimental "neighborhood effects" (also called "agglomeration economies" or "diseconomies") and transport costs (or "frictions of space") in the determination of a spatial outcome (or "equilibrium")
   • faculty.washington.edu/krumme/450/localization.html
   • faculty.washington.edu/krumme/207/cluster/2.html

   
   

2. Describe the difference in the roles of "isodapanes" and "isoquants" in industrial location theory.

   Glossary

   
   

3. Define "non-linear transport costs" and briefly refer to the locational implications of this non-linearity.

   Glossary

   
   

4. "In Weber's location theory, "ubiquitously" available materials do not affect the determination of the transport-cost minimizing location." Do you agree? Briefly discuss your answer.

   Glossary

   
   

5. Hotelling's solution (or equilibrium outcome) suggests "togetherness", co-location or agglomeration. What does that have to do with the "distance elasticity of demand"?

   Glossary

   
   

6. What does the "Engel's Law" have to do with "Regional Economic Change"?

   
   

7. A land-intensive type of activity generally does not use the land it occupies very intensively. Explain.

   Glossary

   
   

8. Cohorts age together, i.e. they move together through their life stages (upward in the pyramid).
   1. What kinds of economic behaviors might be cohort specific and
   2. What kinds of economic behaviors would you expect to be age- or life-stage-specific?

   Glossary

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Part II: Select one question for a 15 minute answer (Open Notebook):

9. You have noticed that the Stutz outline of chapters does not coincide with our "class-framework" and you are probably moderately frustrated with the non-consecutive reading assignments. Please identify and discuss briefly some of the general conceptual differences between the class-outline and the outline of our Stutz book.

   http://faculty.washington.edu/krumme/207/concepts/table.html

   
   

10. "Economic Geography might be defined by some as the study of agglomerative and dispersive (a) factors, (b) movements and (c) processes of change." Discuss.

    http://faculty.washington.edu/krumme/450/localization.html

    
    

11. Rising costs of a university education create pressures for many students which call for increasingly sophisticated daily logistics. Single parents with small children and many other "special cases" have to face additional time-space obstacles. Compose a brief essay in which you analyze time-space issues faced by low income students or families in an urban environment.

    http://faculty.washington.edu/~krumme/207/timegeo.html

    
    

12. Many public services are said to be in a "cost crisis". Solutions are hard to come by except by tuition increases, co-payments, reduction in the quality, frequency or accessibility of particular services. How much do we (or you) understand this dilemma which many public services (and their respective clients) find themselves in?

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    BONUS:

1. 100 Japanese Yen
2. 1 Canadian $
3. 1 US $
4. 1 British Pound
5. 1 Euro

2. Do you know any of the exchange rates?

3. In which country have hostages been taken on off-shore oil rigs by armed members of local communities unhappy about not sharing in the oil wealth of the particular region?

Nigerian ships head to oil rig where hostages held [02.05.2003]

Nigerian navy rescues some oil rig hostage: report Xinhuanet 2003-05-02 00:42:42

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/862267.stm