Statistical methods: advanced common sense

Some further material:

• The slides [.pdf, .pptx] - now with some answers to the questions
• Further reading:
  • Fleming 2010 discusses regression to the mean effects from exploratory analyses
  • The New York Times discusses an illustration of selection bias, from a workplace wellness program
  • Funnel plots are a good way to plot estimates whose precisions vary. Spiegelhalter 2005 provides funnel plots for institutional comparison
  • A brief introduction to Bayesian Statistics
  • A primer on Bland-Altman plots
  • Gelman and Stern 2006, The Difference Between "Significant" and "Not Significant" is not Itself Statistically Significant.
• If you like the various graphs in the slides, see these resources from this paper