Answer all the following questions, in the space provided. The questions total 33 points; your raw score will be multiplied by 0.303 to determine your score out of 10 points toward the semester's total.
 

1. [2 points] What's a "central place"? How does the definition of a "central place" differ from the usual definition of "city"?
 

2. [2 points] What's the range of a good? How's it affected by a decline in the cost of transportation?
 

3. [2 points] What's the threshold of a good? How's it affected by the density of population?
 

4. [5 points] Look at the map below.  Explain how it looks like a theoretical pattern of central places. Explain at least two ways in which the pattern in the map diverges from the theoretical pattern of central places, and then explain what actual characteristics of the upper Midwest might account for the divergence from the theoretical pattern.
 

6. [6 points] Name three parameters in our trade-area exercise that affect the amount of revenue you'd expect a retail outlet to make in a given location (it's not important to use the exact names from the exercise, but your meaning should be clear), and explain how each parameter affects the store's revenue.
 
 

7. [8 points] In the following formula, what do B_A, d_AC, P_A, and P_C mean? (In fact, P_A and P_C can stand for two different kinds of variables: what are they?) What is this model used for?

                                     B_A   =   _____d_AC _____
                                                1 + sq.rt. (P_A / P_C)

8. [8 points] If you managed a real-estate investment firm, and were considering purchasing a suburban shopping center, what kinds of questions would you ask before making a decision? In other words, (1) what information would you need to use concepts of break point, central-place theory, market potential, and retail gravitation in your analysis of the potential investment and (2) how would you use these concepts intelligently?