University of Washington
Geography 349, Geography of International Business
Professor Harrington
Cultural Environments of International Business
 

It's very difficult to teach cultural issues relevant to international business:  teaching actual attributes is tedious, lends itself to stereotyping, and can rapidly become outdated.  Daniels and Radebaugh's Chapter 2 outlines a variety of frameworks through which we can discuss and compare cultural attributes as they relate to international marketing and management.
 

Contents:
How to study cultural differences?
What are some key dimensions of difference?
How might companies make use of their recognitions of difference?
What are appropriate corporate responses?



HOW  TO  STUDY  CULTURAL  DIFFERENCES?
One can focus on intensive study of a given culture, compare a given culture to another, or attempt to generalize differences across a large number of cultures.  Geert Hofstede (Cultures and Organizations, 1991) and Vern Terpstra and Kenneth David (The Cultural Environment of International Business, third ed., 1991) have researched specific behavioral attitudes and conduct in a wide variety of countries, and have developed groupings of countries and attributes.


DIMENSIONS  OF  CULTURAL  DIFFERENTIATION

Recognize that behavioral attributes vary across and within cultures, by

The determinants of roles and status, within the household (who makes purchasing decisions?) and within the firm, vary by culture: Language Silent languages of colors, gestures, timing, status
 


HOW  TO  USE  RECOGNITIONS  OF  DIFFERENCE?
Marketing uses:  recognizing behavioral and cultural attributes helps develop all aspects of the marketing plan -- which is, after all, the interaction of production and consumers

Managerial uses:  recognizing behavioral and cultural attributes helps establish relationships between and within levels of organizational hierarchies



CORPORATE  RESPONSES
Determine the degree of specialized cultural awareness that is required

Marketing in multiple cultures Management in multiple cultures
copyright James W. Harrington, Jr.
revised 3 May 2000