Associate Professor

Dept. of Communication
University of Washington

Contact

Research

Interactive Summary | The Jury and DemocracyPolitical Communication and Deliberation | The Group in Society | Deliberative Democracy HandbookBy Popular DemandDemocracy in Small Groups


Curriculum Vitae

John Gastil, Professor, Department of Communication, University of Washington
331 Communications Bldg., Box 353740 Seattle, WA 98195-3740
phone: (206) 543-2660, fax: (206) 616-3762
Email: jgastil@u.washington.edu


Education

Ph.D. Communication Arts, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1994, minor in political psychology. Dissertation: Democratic Citizenship and the National Issues Forums

The dissertation gradually developed into the articles The aims, methods, and effects of deliberative civic education through the National Issues Forums (Communication Education, 1999, Increasing political sophistication through public deliberation (Political Communication, 1999), Adult civic education through the National Issues Forums: A study of how adults develop civic skills and dispositions through public deliberation (Adult Education Quarterly, 2004), and Discussion networks, media use, and deliberative conversation (Political Communication, 2006).

M.A. Communication Arts, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1991. Thesis: Democratic deliberation: A redefinition of the democratic process and a study of staff meetings at a co-operative workplace, Masters Abstracts, 30-04M (1992), 1114 (University Microfilms No. 1348177).

The MA thesis developed into the articles  A definition of small group democracy (Small Group Research, 1992) and Identifying obstacles to small group democracy (Small Group Research, 1993), as well as the book Democracy in Small Groups (New Society Publishers, 1993).

B.A. High Honors in Political Science (Minor in Economics), Swarthmore College, 1989. Studies focused on political theory, international politics, and economic development.


Post-Doctoral Academic Employment

Professor, Dept. of Communication, University of Washington, 2007-present. 

Associate Professor, Dept. of Communication, University of Washington, 2001-2007. 

Assistant Professor, Dept. of Speech Communication, University of Washington, 1998-2001. [This dept. merged with the School of Communications to form the Dept. of Communication in 2001.]

Adjunct Professor, Dept. of Political Science, University of Washington, 1999-present. 

Research Manager, Institute for Public Policy, University of New Mexico, 1994-1997.

Publications

Publications: Books

Gastil, J., Deess, E. P., Weiser, P., & Simmons, C. (2010). The jury and democracy: How jury deliberation promotes civic engagement and political participation. New York: Oxford University Press. 

Gastil, J. (2010). The group in society. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. 

Gastil, J. (2008). Political communication and deliberation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Gastil, J., & Levine, P. (Eds.) (2005). The deliberative democracy handbook: Strategies for effective civic engagement in the twenty-first century. San Francisco, CA: Jossey Bass.

Gastil, J. (2000). By popular demand: Revitalizing representative democracy through deliberative elections. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Gastil, J. (1993). Democracy in small groups: Participation, decision making, and communication. Philadelphia, PA: New Society Publishers.


Publications: Journal Articles (Refereed)

Gastil, J., Bacci, C., Dollinger, M. (2010). Is deliberation neutral? Exploring patterns of attitude change during "The Deliberative Polls." Journal of Public Deliberation, 6(2). 

Gastil, J., & Xenos, M. (2010). Of attitudes and engagement: Clarifying the reciprocal relationship between civic attitudes and political participation. Journal of Communication, 60, 318-343.

Gastil, J., Lingle, C.J., & Dees, C. P. (2010). Deliberation and global criminal justice: Juries in the International Criminal Court. Ethics & International Affairs, 24, 69-90.

Kahan, D. M., Braman, D., Cohen, G.L., Gastil, J., & Slovic, P. (2010). Who fears the HPV vaccine, who doesn't, and why? An experimental study of the mechanisms of cultural cognition. Law and Human Behavior, 34

Black, L., Leighter, J., & Gastil, J. (2009). Communicating trust, community, and process in public meetings: A reflection on what close attention to interaction can contribute to the future of public participation. International Journal of Public Participation, 3(2), 143-159.

Wells, C., Reedy, J., Gastil, J., & Lee, C. (2009). Information distortion and voting choices: Assessing the origins and effects of factual beliefs in an initiative election. Political Psychology, 30, 953-969.

Kahan, D. M., Braman, D., Slovic, P., Gastil, J., & Cohen, G. (2008). Cultural cognition of nanotechnology risk-benefit perceptions. Nature Nanotechnology, 3. Available online at http://www.nature.com/nnano/journal/vaop/ncurrent/pdf/nnano.2008.341.pdf.

Gastil, J., & Black, L. (2008). Public deliberation as the organizing principle of political communication research. Journal of Public Deliberation 4. Available at http://services.bepress.com/jpd/vol4/iss1/art3.

Gastil, J., Black, L., Deess, E. P, & Leighter, J. (2008). From group member to democratic citizen: How deliberating with fellow jurors reshapes civic attitudes. Human Communication Research, 34, 137-169.

Gastil, J., Black, L., & Moscovitz, K. (2008). Ideology, attitude change, and deliberation in small face-to-face groups. Political Communication, 25, 23-36.

Gastil, J., Deess, E. P., Weiser, P., & Meade, J. (2008). Jury service and electoral participation: A test of the participation hypothesis. Journal of Politics, 70, 1-16.

Hickerson, A., & Gastil, J. (2008). Assessing the difference critique of deliberation: Gender, emotion, and the jury experience. Communication Theory, 18, 281-303.

Kelshaw, T., & Gastil, J. (2008). When citizens and officeholders meet (Part 2): Variations in the key elements of public meetings. International Journal of Public Participation 2(1).

Kahan, D., Braman, D., Gastil, J., & Slovic, P. (2007). Culture and identity-protective cognition: Explaining the white-male effect in risk perception. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 4, 465-505.

Kelshaw, T., & Gastil, J. (2007). When citizens and officeholders meet: Variations in the key elements of public meetings. International Journal of Public Participation, 1(2).

Gastil, J., Burkhalter, S., & Black, L. (2007). Do juries deliberate? A study of deliberation, individual difference, and group member satisfaction at a municipal courthouse. Small Group Research, 38, 337-359.

Gastil, J. (2006). How balanced discussion shapes knowledge, public perceptions, and attitudes: A case study of deliberation on the Los Alamos National Laboratory. Journal of Public Deliberation, 2

Gall, A., & Gastil, J. (2006). The magic of Raymond Burr: How jury orientation prepares citizens for jury service. Court Manager, 21:2, 27-31.

Gastil, J., & Weiser, P. (2006). Jury service as an invitation to citizenship: Assessing the civic value of institutionalized deliberation. Policy Studies Journal, 34, 605-627.

Kahan, D., Slovic, P., Braman, D., & Gastil, J. (2006). Fear of democracy: A cultural evaluation of Sunstein on risk. Harvard Law Review, 119, 1071-1109.

Mansbridge, J., Hartz-Karp, J., Amengual, M, & Gastil, J. (2006). Norms of deliberation: An inductive study. Journal of Public Deliberation, 2

Moy, P., & Gastil, J. (2006). Discussion networks, media use, and deliberative conversation. Political Communication, 23, 443-460.

Sager, K., & Gastil, J. (2006). The origins and consequences of consensus decision making: A test of the social consensus model. Southern Communication Journal, 71, 1-24.

Warnick, B., Xenos, M., Endres, D., & Gastil, J. (2005). Effects of campaign-to-user and text-based interactivity in political candidate campaign websites. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 10(3).

Forehand, M., Gastil, J., & Smith, M. A. (2004). Endorsements as voting cues: Heuristic and systematic processing in initiative elections. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 34, 2215-2234.

Gastil, J. (2004). Adult civic education through the National Issues Forums: A study of how adults develop civic skills and dispositions through public deliberation. Adult Education Quarterly, 54, 308-328.

West, M., & Gastil, J. (2004). Deliberation at the margins: Participant accounts of face-to-face public deliberation at the 1999-2000 world trade protests in Seattle and Prague. Qualitative Research Reports, 5, 1-7.

Burkhalter, S., Gastil, J., & Kelshaw, T. (2002). A conceptual definition and theoretical model of public deliberation in small face-to-face groups. Communication Theory, 12, 398-422.

Gastil, J., Deess, E. P., & Weiser, P. (2002). Civic awakening in the jury room: A test of the connection between jury deliberation and political participation. Journal of Politics, 64, 585-595.

Gastil, J., Jenkins-Smith, H., St. Clair, G. (2002). Beyond green chiles and coyotes: The changing shape of New Mexico's political-cultural regions from 1967 to 1997. New Mexico Historical Review, 77, 173-195.

Sager, K. L., & Gastil, J. (2002). Exploring the psychological foundations of democratic group deliberation: Personality factors, confirming interaction, and democratic decision making. Communication Research Reports, 19, 56-65.

Gastil, J. (2000). Thinking, drinking, and driving: Application of the theory of reasoned action to DWI prevention. Journal of Applied Social Psychology.

Gastil, J. (2000). The political beliefs and orientations of people with disabilities. Social Science Quarterly, 81, 588-603.

Gastil, J., & Dillard, J. P. (1999). The aims, methods, and effects of deliberative civic education through the National Issues Forums. Communication Education, 48, 179-182.

Gastil, J., & Dillard, J. P. (1999). Increasing political sophistication through public deliberation. Political Communication, 16, 3-23.

Sager, K., & Gastil, J. (1999). Reaching consensus on consensus: A study of the relationships between individual decision-making styles and use of the consensus decision-rule. Communication Quarterly, 47, 67-79.

Gastil, J. (1994). A definition and illustration of democratic leadership. Human Relations, 47, 953-975.

Gastil, J. (1994). A meta-analytic review of the productivity and satisfaction of democratic and autocratic leadership. Small Group Research, 25, 384-410.

Gastil, J. (1993). Identifying obstacles to small group democracy. Small Group Research, 24, 5-27.

Gastil, J. (1992). A definition of small group democracy. Small Group Research, 23, 278-301.

Gastil, J. (1992). Undemocratic discourse: A review of theory and research on political discourse. Discourse & Society, 3, 469-500.

Gastil, J. (1992). Why we believe in democracy: Testing theories of attitude functions and democracy. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 22, 423-450.

Gastil, J. (1990). Generic pronouns and sexist language: The oxymoronic character of masculine generics. Sex Roles, 23, 629-643.


Publications: Invited Journal Articles

Deess, p., & Gastil, J. (2009). How jury service makes us into better citizens. The Jury Expert, 21

Gastil, J., Reedy, J., Braman, D., & Kahan, D. M. (2008).Deliberation across the cultural divide: Assessing the potential for reconciling conflicting cultural orientations to reproductive technology. George Washington Law Review, 76, 1772-1797.

Gastil, J., Reedy, J., & Wells, C. (2007). When good voters make bad policies: Assessing and improving the deliberative quality of initiative elections. University of Colorado Law Review, 78, 1435-1488.

Gastil, J., Smith, M. A., & Simmons, C. (2001).There’s more than one way to legislate: An integration of representative, direct, and deliberative approaches to democratic governance. University of Colorado Law Review, 72, 1005-1028.


Publications: Book Chapters (Excluding Reprtints)

Black, L., Burkhalter, S., Gastil, J., and Stromer-Galley, J. (in press). Methods for analyzing and measuring group deliberation. In L. Holbert (ed.), Sourcebook of Political communication research: Methods, measures, and analytical techniques. New York: Routledge.

Gastil, J. (in press). Group communication ethics. In S. May, G. Cheney, and D. Munshi (Eds.), Engaging with Impact: Targets and Indicators For Successful Community Engagement by Ontario's Local Health Integration Networks (pp. 15-27). Toronto, Ontario: MASS LBP.

Gastil, J. (2009). A comprehensive approach to evaluating deliberative public engagement. In MASS LBP (ed.), Engaging with Impact: Targets and Indicators For Successful Community Engagement by Ontario's Local Health Integration Networks (pp. 15-27). Toronto, Ontario: MASS LBP.

Gastil, J. (2008). Cultivating deliberative development: Public deliberation as a means of improving local, state, and federal governance. In Thomas Jacobson (ed.), Governance reform under real-world conditions: Citizens, stakeholders, and voice (pp. 303-316). New York: World Bank Communication and Governance Accountability Program.

Gastil, J. (2006). Promoviendo el desarollo de una cultura cívica deliberante: El valor potencial de la deliberación pública para la gestión municipal en Mexico. In Leticia Santin and Andrew Selee (eds.), Participación ciudadana y deliberación pública en gobiernos locales (pp. 67-88). Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson Center. [Translated titles, “Cultivating a deliberative civic culture: The potential value of public deliberation for Mexican municipal governance” in Democracy, citizenship, and public deliberation in local governments.]

Gastil, J. (2005). Communication as deliberation: A non-deliberative polemic on communication theory. In Shepherd, G. J., St. John, J., & Striphas, T. (eds.) Communication As . . . : Stances on Theory (pp. 164-173). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.

Gastil, J., & Keith, W. (2005). A nation that (sometimes) likes to talk: A brief history of public deliberation in the United States. In J. Gastil & P. Levine (Eds.). The deliberative democracy handbook: Strategies for effective civic engagement in the twenty-first century. San Francisco, CA: Jossey Bass.

Gastil, J., & Levine, P. (2005). Preface. In J. Gastil & P. Levine (Eds.). The deliberative democracy handbook: Strategies for effective civic engagement in the twenty-first century. San Francisco, CA: Jossey Bass.

Kahan, D. M., Braman, D., & Gastil, J. (2005). A cultural critique of gun litigation. In T. D. Lytton (Ed.), Suing the Gun Industry: A Battle at the Crossroads of Gun Control and Mass Torts (pp. 105-126). Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.

Levine, P., Fung, A, & Gastil, J. (2005). Future directions for public deliberation. In J. Gastil & P. Levine (Eds.). The deliberative democracy handbook: Strategies for effective civic engagement in the twenty-first century. San Francisco, CA: Jossey Bass.

Gastil, J. (1997). A definition and illustration of democratic leadership. In K. Grant (Ed.), Leadership (pp. 155-178). Oxford: Oxford University Press. (reprint of earlier article)

Gastil, J. (1994). An appraisal and revision of the constructivist research program. In B. Burleson (Ed.), Communication Yearbook 18 (pp. 83-104). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Jenkins-Smith, H., Gastil, J., Palier, J., Silva, C., & Stevens, L. (1994). A cognitive filtering model of the perceived risk of environmental hazards. In R. Bhada, A. Ghassemi, & T. J. Ward (Eds.), Waste management: From risk to remediation, Vol. 1 (pp. 53-72). Albuquerque, NM: ECM Press.


Publications: Short Essays and Book Reviews

Gastil, J. (in press). Appreciating and understanding the jury as a societal accomplishment [Review of American Juries: The Verdict, by Neil Vidmar and Valerie Hans]. Small Group Research.

Gastil, J. (in press). Group communication ethics. In S. May, G. Cheney, and D. Munshi (Eds.), ICA handbook of communication ethics. New York: Routledge/LEA.

Gastil, J. (2009). Group communication theories. In S. Littlejohn and K. Foss (Eds.), Encyclopedia of communication theory (pp. 455-460). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Gastil, J. (2009). Deliberative democracy theory. In S. Littlejohn and K. Foss (Eds.), Encyclopedia of communication theory (pp. 299-301). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Gastil, J., & Burkhalter, S. (2008). Group decision making, political. In L. L. Kaid and C. Holtz-Bacha (Eds.), Encyclopedia of political communication (pp. 287-290). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Gastil, J. (2009). Spirito e prassi della deliberazione. (The spirit and practice of deliberative democracy.) Deliberativo, 112 (March/April), 69-73.

Gastil, J. (2007). [Review of Saving democracy: A plan for real representation in America by Kevin O'Leary.] Perspectives on Politics, 5, 645-646.

Gastil, J. (2007). [Review of  Hearing the other side: Deliberative versus participatory democracy, by Diana C. Mutz.] Journal of Communication, 57, 174-175.

Gastil, J. (2007). [Review of  How voters decide: Information processing during election campaigns, by Richard R. Lau and David P. Redlawsk.] Political Science Quarterly, 122, 330-331.

Gastil, J. (2007). Public scholarship, graduate education, and the research university. Higher Education Exchange 2007, 4-11. Dayton, OH: Kettering Foundation Press

Gastil, J., Kahan, D., & Braman, D. (2006, March/April). Ending polarization: The good news about the culture wars. Boston Review

Gastil, J. (2006). Getting’ Wiki with it. Political Communication Report 16(2). 

Gastil, J. (2006). [Review of For the many or the few: The initiative, public policy, and American democracy, by John G. Matsusaka]. Public Opinion Quarterly, 70, 127-130.

Booher, David E., and forty-five co-authors, including Gastil, J. (2005). A call to scholars from the collaborative democracy network. National Civic Review, 94(3), 64-67.

Gastil, J. (2004). [Review of Talking it through: Puzzles of American democracy, by Robert W. Bennett]. Perspectives on Political Science, 2, 131-132.

Gastil, J. (2003). [Review of Politicians don’t pander: Political manipulation and the loss of democratic responsiveness, by Lawrence R. Jacobs and Robert Y. Shapiro]. Contemporary Sociology, 32, 222-223. 

Gastil, J. (2001). [Review of Citizen competence and democratic institutions, by Stephen L. Elkin and Karol E. Soltan]. Public Opinion Quarterly, 65, 139-141.

Gastil, J. (2000). Face-to-face citizen deliberation: A luxury or necessity? Political Communication, 17, 357-361.

Gastil, J. (1992, August). Queries on the Quaker peace testimony. Friends' Journal, 14-15.

Gastil, J., & Sapiro, V. (1992). Theory development in political psychology, or the play's the thing. Political Psychology, 13, 129-131.Gastil, J. (1991, Summer). A call for democratic leadership. Kettering Review, 1-3.

Gastil, J. (1991). Bringing the war into the classroom. Speech Communication Teacher, 5(4), 1-2.

Gastil, J. (1990). An appeal for constructive dialogue. Latin American Perspectives, 17, 138.

Gastil, J. (1990). The history of democracy [Review of Democracy and its critics]. The Democratic Communique, 9(2), 17.

Publications: Op-Eds and Letters

Gastil, J. (2007, July 26). Jury duty in Japan. New York Times.

Gastil, J. (2007, October 22). Government by the people. Seattle Times.

Gastil, J. (2006, July 16). Parting the Cascade curtain: Rethinking the state's cultural fault line. Seattle Times, Sunday editorial section.

Gastil, J., & Crosby, N. (2006, November 26). Taking the initiative. Seattle Times, Sunday editorial section.

Gastil, J., & Crosby, N. (2005, August/September). Hey, Washingtonians: Show some initiative! Washington Law & Politics, 14.

Gastil, J. (2004, December 21). How you play the recount game. Seattle Times.

Gastil, J., & Crosby, N. (2004, November 18). Lessons from a Canadian experiment in democracy. Seattle Times.

Gastil, J., & Crosby, N. (2003, November 6). Voters need more reliable information. Seattle Post-Intelligencer.

Gastil, J. (1996, September 11). The law of negativity. Weekly Alibi.

Gastil, J. (1989, November). Quakers lead way in same-sex marriage. New York Times, 22E.

Publications: Research Reports

A selection of reports written by John Gastil with the assistance of other staff at the Institute for Public Policy (Albuquerque, NM).

(1998). The attitudes and beliefs of Los Alamos National Laboratory employees and northern New Mexicans: A study of the interplay of culture, ideology, political awareness, and public deliberation.

(1997). New Mexico Technology Assistance Program report on New Mexicans with disabilities.

(1997). Public views on transportation: The results of the six New Mexico Citizen Conferences on Transportation.

(1994-1997). Quarterly Profiles 25-34. Ten consecutive brief reports on survey data regarding elections and issues in New Mexico and the nation. Available issues: 1995 (Accuracy and Biases of Electoral Polls) and 1996 (New Mexicans and the "deliberative public").

(1996). 1996 LANL survey: A report on how New Mexicans view affirmative action, community outreach, public involvement, and Lab operations.

(1996). Deliberation at the National Issues Convention. Assessed the degree to which the January 1996 National Issues Convention's group discussions embodied the principles of deliberation.

(1996). Working Paper on the integration of U.S. government agency programs with the National Issues Forums. Assessed the potential for government agencies to adopt a deliberative discussion format in their education outreach and public involvement programs.

(1996). Through New Mexican eyes: How citizens view the University of New Mexico. Analyzed the ways in which New Mexicans perceive the University of New Mexico's academic performance, admissions standards, and budgetary priorities.

(1996). A Narrative Summary of the September 1996 Focus Groups on WIPP. In addition to providing insight on public attitudes toward WIPP, this report demonstrated the potential for interactive focus groups, wherein policy experts and activists engage in q uestion-and-answer sessions with focus group participants, then participants deliberate upon a policy issue.

(1996). The unfolding WIPP debate in New Mexico: A survey of public attitudes toward science, the EPA, and WIPP. Analyzed the results of a telephone survey on public attitudes toward WIPP and showed how public perceptions of science and the government influence their attitudes toward government projects that involve (1994-1996).

(1995). Understanding public deliberation. Both a philosophical and empirical study of public deliberation. Reviewed pertinent analytic and psychological writings on group decision making and analyzed an on-line forum on political reform and a face-to-fac e forum on juvenile violence.

(1995). Understanding public reaction to the foreign spent nuclear fuel return program: 1994-1995. Analyzed panel public opinion data on the transport of foreign spent nuclear fuel through respondents' communities.

(1995). UNM faculty and staff perceptions of the University. Summarized results of a survey on how University of New Mexico employees views their jobs and the University.

(1995). 1994 Report on public perceptions of the Los Alamos National Laboratories. Examined the role of environmentalism in shaping perceptions of LANL.

(1994). 1994 Vocational rehabilitation needs assessment of New Mexicans with disabilities. Examined the demographics, experiences, and attitudes of New Mexicans with physical and mental disabilities.


Publications: Reports Prepared for the
Kettering Foundation (Dayton, OH).

(2002). What does it mean to deliberate? A study of the meaning of deliberation in academic journals and the on-line publications of membership associations. (co-authored with Todd Kelshaw)

(2000). Public meetings: A sampler of deliberative forums that bring officeholders and citizens together. (co-authored with Todd Kelshaw)

(1994). Democratic education and the National Issues Forums.

(1993). Politics in the ivory sticks: The political lives of college students at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Reports Prepared for the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization People's Participation Program:

(1994). Common problems in small group decision making.


Grants and Appointments: Research

Gastil, J. (2009). Principal Investigator, National Science Foundation (Directorate for Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences: jointly funded by Political Science Program and the Decision, Risk and Management Sciences Program, NSF Award #0908554: “SGER: Assessing the Deliberative Quality and Impact of the Australian Citizens and Online Parliaments”). The grant will be used to study the efficacy of mixing online and face-to-face deliberative processes in the Australian Citizens and Online Parliaments ($96,980).

Kahan, D., Cohen, J., Gastil, J. & Slovic, P. (2006). Co-Principal Investigator, National Science Foundation (Directorate for Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences: Decision, Risk and Management Sciences Program, NSF Award #0621840). Requested funding to conduct experiments on how culture and deliberation shape attitudes. ($282,975).

Gastil, J. (2004). Principal Investigator, University of Washington Royalty Research Fund.  The grant was used to study the effect of jury participation on electoral turnout in ten counties across the United States ($35,642).

Gastil, J., Deess, E. P., & Weiser, P. (2003). Co-Principal Investigator, National Science Foundation (Directorate for Social, Behavioral & Economic Sciences: Law and Social Science Program, NSF Award #0318513: "Jury Deliberation and Civic Engagement"). Funding to conduct a longitudinal panel survey examining how jury deliberation changes jurors’ subsequent political attitudes and behaviors. ($176,494).

Kahan, D., & Gastil, J. (2003). Co-Principal Investigator, National Science Foundation (Directorate for Social, Behavioral & Economic Sciences: Decision, Risk and Management Sciences Program, NSF Award #0242106: "Gun Control and the Cultural Theory of Risk"). Funding to study political culture and public deliberation on gun control in the United States. ($399,964).

Gastil, J. (2001). Principal Investigator, Kettering Foundation research contract. During 2001, I will explore how the term “deliberation” is being used in popular, foundation, and academic publications. I will also study its meaning and use in one or more particular cases, to see how the term has affected these organizations’ activities ($20,000).

Gastil, J. (1999). Principal Investigator, Kettering Foundation research contract. During 2000, I will examine cases in which elected officials and government agencies have actively promoted public deliberation on substantive issues. ($12,058)

Gastil, J. (1999). Principal Investigator, University of Washington Royalty Research Scholar Fund. During 1999-2000, the grant will be used to study the effect of small group deliberation on ideological constraint ($15,193).

Gastil, J. (1998). Visiting Scholar at the Kettering Foundation. Spent two months at the Foundation completing a book manuscript on political representation and public deliberation ($6,244).

Jenkins-Smith, H., & Gastil, J. (1997). Co-Principal Investigator, New Mexico State Highway and Transportation Department. Conducted a series of six public meetings on long-range transportation planning in New Mexico ($70,000).

Jenkins-Smith, H., & Gastil, J. (1997). Co-Principal Investigator, New Mexico Division of Vocational Rehabilitation. Study of the rehabilitation needs and service uses of New Mexicans with disabilities ($57,380).

Gastil, J. (1994). Consultant, United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (UN-FAO). Wrote training manual on democratic group facilitation for agricultural co-operative agents working in Africa and Asia ($2,000).

Gastil, J. (1992). Research Consultant, Kettering Foundation. Politics in America. ($700)

Gastil, J. (1992). Researcher, Kettering Foundation. The effects of the National Issues Forums on participants' political communication attitudes and behaviors. ($26,500)

Gastil, J. (1991). Robert G. Chollar Summer Research Assistant, Kettering Foundation. Democratic leadership: A conceptual synthesis of theory and research on democratic and participatory leadership. ($2000)

Gastil, J. (1988). National Endowment for the Humanities Summer Research Grant. The Meaning of Independence in Cameroon and Nigeria. ($900)


Grants and Appointments: Teaching

Gastil, J., & Wilkerson, J. (2005). Project funding from the University of Washington Technology Gap Innovation Fund to adapt Election Day and LegSim for the Advanced Placement high school classroom ($49,986).

Wilkerson, J., & Gastil, J. (2003). Project funding from the William and Flora Hewlitt Foundation to complete the development of two simulation games, LegSim and Election Day. The funding also will be used to design a marketing plan for these games and to set up the University of Washington Educational Simulation Institute, a permanent organization that will promote the use of computer simulation games in college, high school, and middle school ($51,361).

Gastil, J. (2002). Project funding from the Washington Research Foundation to aid the continued development of Election Day, a piece of educational software that simulates elections in the United States. The funding covered the cost of software and book purchases, technical support, and professional consulting ($10,000).

Gastil, J. (2000). Project funding from the Simpson Center for the Humanities. These funds covered the cost of purchasing photo-CDs for use in developing Election Day, a piece of educational software that simulates elections in the United States ($600).