Response to Comments by Hopkins Regarding a National Dualmode System with Respect to the FlexiTrain Dualmode Concept
by
Charl du Toit, Inventor, New Zealand
May, 2000
Thanks to Dr. Hopkins for
taking the time to comment on a particular Dual-Mode concept, providing a rare
perspective, and certainly giving an opportunity to sharpen arguments for a broader
audience.
I would like to make use of the opportunity to
highlight some of the features of FlexiTrain, which started out as a simple range extender
for Electric Vehicles and has developed into a Dual-Mode transportation system. I found
Dr. Hopkins points particularly interesting because I assume he was unaware of this
technology. I have shortened his paragraphs so as to avoid repeating the entire
discussion.
tight integration between vehicles
and guideways, often also including the control system
technical evolution of each
element
dependent on parallel and simultaneous modification in each system
component.
the dominance of traditional aviation, highway and rail technologies is
their adaptability.
FlexiTrain does not require such integration.
It relies on ATIS and ITS technologies already being developed in the automotive
transportation field.
Just as importantly, it does
not preclude its later development into just such a guideway-based automated system. This
is one element of future-proofing the system.
Within relatively modest bounds, any
road vehicle can operate anywhere in the highway system
More importantly,
improvements have been substantially "downward compatible,"
This neatly describes
FlexiTrain vehicles. They can run individually, or informally platooned, on
normal roads. Additionally they have use of the FlexiTrain Superhighway.
A key point is that
these systems
evolve, adapt to changing needs, and incorporate technological advances
in a basically incremental fashion.
A fundamental tenet of FlexiTrain is future-proofing. A vehicle must comply with
certain requirements centred on the PowerBar coupling. Beyond that, development could
follow wherever the automotive field goes, be it power source, in-car software or styling
fashion.
A related factor is the reality of very
long implementation times for physical infrastructure
A modest infrastructure
investment in departure nodes is required
to start the system off. Operating lanes can be demarcated for peak use and removed as
required. Where demand requires, and only then, permanent lanes can be established. These
would evolve into fully automatic systems.
The "system" actually
comprises the investments and activities of many independent entities: the private sector,
a large number of governments at all levels, and the users.
FlexiTrain extends the existing private
transport paradigm. By not attempting to upset the stakeholders in the present order, it
may stand a chance of acceptance. A strong feature of the system is that it can be as
private or public as the particular installation demands.
It can be argued that the Internet
pattern is the best model for how transportation systems are created and evolve.
FlexiTrain goes further: implementation is
cheap enough to be driven top-down, or from private sector initiatives. In reality, this
will be a dynamic balance struck between the desire of local authorities to improve the
urban environment, and individuals to improve their personal transport.
The high speed goal also poses serious
limitations on route alignments.
FlexiTrain uses existing design highway speeds
and thus fits into existing town planning. It has been shown that high maximum speeds in
urban environments are largely negated by the other
elements of the trip total.
There's also a chicken-and-egg
problem
people would have to be persuaded to buy the special vehicles that would
have very limited use in most cases, and might be obsolete by the time they had guideways
on which to operate
Unlike systems using major guideway
infrastructure from the outset, there is not really a critical "minimum size"
for the FlexiTrain system to be demonstrated. Two vehicles can do the job, although three
is a practical minimum.
The high capacity
will typically
not be matched in urban areas by the ability of local roads to handle the traffic
generated-the bottlenecks will simply to moved around, not eliminated.
FlexiTrain has a unique capability among
dual-mode systems: its destination can be radically modified while en route. This
works extremely well with ITS under present development. The system will choose the
best fit least-congested destination, based on real time, dynamic traffic
modelling. Individual vehicles will be updated with destination data and likely conditions
at the drop-off point, together with further routing information as required.
Think about real origins, destinations,
stops made, chained trips
to get a feeling for how people actually use the
transportation system.
I found this to be the most important
statement of all, given who is talking.
Systems People might pause and try to overcome their infatuation with a particular technology, to ask themselves why it is necessary to do what they are attempting. Thanks again to Dr. Hopkins (and Francis Reynolds, for that matter) for opening up an interesting avenue of discussion.
Last modified: August 13, 2002