Average lifetime span of
S&P 500 companies
75
65
55
45
35
25
15
5
1928   1938   1948   1958   1968   1978   1988   1998
Text Box: Implied lifetime in years
Implied lifetime in years
Source: Creative Destruction, Foster & Kaplan
•Need to abandon assumption of continuity
•Find ways around cultural “lock-in”
•Corporations evolve into entities of convergent thinking
•Discontinuity thrives on divergent thinking
•May use private equity or venture as future models for corporations

Cultural lock-in inability to change corporate culture even in the face of obvious threats e.g
For half a century Bayer drove the growth of Sterling Drug until J&J introduced Tylenol. Out of fear of cannibalizing it’s aspirin drug leadership it failed to introduce its non-aspirin drug Panadol. Failure led to its acquisition by Kodak.Three great fears:
•Cannibalization
•Channel conflict
•Dilution to earnings of acquisitions
Market doesn’t feel them so it moves on