[Based on lecture by Prof. Richard Salomon, April 14, 2000.]
The table below indicates the dates within the framework of evidence about the rulers of Shan-Shan, not absolute dates with reference to any other chronology. The kingdom seems to have flourished between approximately 250 and 350 CE, possibly having come into being as early as the time of the Kushan Emperor Kanishka, whom Prof. Salomon dates in the first half to middle of the 2nd century CE. In the seventeenth year of the reign of Shan-Shan king Amgoka, his titles were abruptly reduced from "Great King, King of Kings, etc." to the equivalent of "Grand Marquis," the suggestion being he had become subordinate to China. This probably was in the years ca. 265-270 CE.
Name of Ruler |
Attested Regnal Years |
Combined Minimum Dynastic Years |
Tajaka |
3 |
1-3 |
Pepiya |
3-8 |
4-11 |
Amgoka |
5-38 |
12-49 |
Mahiri |
4-30 |
50-79 |
Vasmana |
2-11 |
80-90 |
Sulica |
5 |
90-95 |