Regulation of mRNA translation into protein provides a mechanism for a cell to rapidly and massively alter its proteome in response to changes in the physical, chemical and biological environment. Translational control plays an important role throughout nature, from unicellular organisms to Metazoans. How is the translation of individual mRNAs coordinated across a transcriptome to form regulatory networks? The exploration of this important question has necessitated the development of tools for evaluating translational control at the genome scale. Through these studies, using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism, we have found groups of functionally related mRNAs that are poorly translated in non-stressed cells, but are poised to recruit ribosomes in response to the appropriate external stimulus (Serikawa et al., 2003;MacKay et al., 2004). Examples of these classes of poised transcripts are those that encode proteins involved in cellular responses to mating pheromone, nitrogen starvation and osmotic stress. The tools that were developed in yeast are now being applying to these issues in mammalian cells and tissues. For example, using these approaches we have discovered a protein kinase involved in cell motility that is rapidly upregulated translationally as monocytes attach to a substratum (Fox et al., 2007).

Selected Publications:

Bickel, K.S.and Morris, D.R. Silencing the transcriptome's dark matter: mechanisms for suppressing translation of intergenic transcripts. Mol. Cell 22, 309-316 (2006).

Bickel, K.S.and Morris, D.R. Role of the transcription activator, Ste12p, as a repressor of PRY3 expression. Mol. Cell. Biol. 26, 7901-7912 (2006).

Flory,M.R., Lee,H., Bonneau,R., Mallick,P., Serikawa,K., Morris,D.R., and Aebersold,R. Quantitative proteomic analysis of the budding yeast cell cycle using acid-cleavable isotope-coded affinity tag reagents. Proteomics. 6, 6146-6157 (2006).

Fox, R., Nhan, T.Q., Law, G.L., Morris, D.R., Liles, W.C., and Schwartz, S.M. mTOR-mediated translational control of ROCK-1 is a pivotal control point in the activation of macrophages, EMBO J. 26, 505-515 (2007).

MacKay, V.L., X.Li, M.R.Flory, E.Turcott, G.L.Law, K.A.Serikawa, X.L.Xu, H.Lee, D.R.Goodlett, R.Aebersold, L.P.Zhao, and D.R.Morris. Gene expression in yeast responding to mating pheromone: Analysis by high-resolution translation state analysis and quantitative proteomics. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 3, 478-489 (2004).

Law, G.L., Bickel, K.S., MacKay, V.L., and Morris, D.R. The Under-Translated Transcriptome Reveals Widespread Translational Silencing by Alternative 5’ Transcript Leaders. Genome Biol. 6, R111 (2005).

Serikawa, K.A., X.L.Xu, V.L.MacKay, G.L.Law, Q.Zong, L.P.Zhao, R.Bumgarrner, and D.R.Morris. The transcriptome and its translation during recovery from cell-cycle arrest in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 2, 191-204 (2003).