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GOVERNMENT DEPTS
- antagonism within and between
Gov Depts
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March 9, 2004 Putin cuts
# of Ministries, reporting lines go to Putin
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Min of Energy (general
favored ratification) merged with Min of Industry
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Energy saw JI as
opportunity to modernize infrastructure and energy conservation
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New merged ministry head
- Victor Khistenko - vocal in asking for more time to study Kyoto impacts
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Min of Foreign Affairs -
Sergei Lavrov, former UN Ambassador,
favor multilateral approaches, ambiguous stand really,
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Min of Natural Resources
- historically opposed, Kyoto as restrictive of resource exploitation, but in
spring 2003 two deputy ministers come out in favor of ratification,
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Roshydromet, under Min
of Nat. Res. Generally voiced support
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Strongest opposition
from Ministry of Economic Development and Trade - Gerfman Gref, until early
2002 have been early supporter, then changed as it bacame clear as it became clear major emissions
reduction (JI) projects would go to Min of Energy
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RUSSIAÕs REGIONS -
general seen as new source of investment in energy efficiency
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June 2203 Advisory
Council to Kremlin call on Russia to ratify by Sept 2003.
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WWF survey - support
strongest in VOLGA, Ural, and Northwest,
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partial support in
Siberia and Central provinces,
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Minor support/awareness
in South and Far East
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Archangel's preparing
for participation, implementing GHG inventories, coal and oil importer
seeking investment in energy conservation and renewable (biomass)
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NGO - National Carbon
Sequestration Foundation playing role
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Regions are owners of
potential projects, important for data collection and GHG inventories
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Property rights issues
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Recentralization of
state administration
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Business - major
influence via political access and profit motive, initial skepticism gave way
to BIG BUSINESS coming out strongly in favor of ratification-> investment
power and energy sectors, JI opportunities, access to advanced technologies,
improved accounting & financial management, ÒfairÓ prices, liquidity,
lower investment risk.
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National Carbon Union
(NCU) - partners = 8% of global GHG emissions
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Union of Russian
Industrialisers and Entrepreneurs (RSPP) favor
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UNITED ENERGY and
GASPROM = 50% of RussiaÕs GHG emissions and have trading units
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Business pushes toward
practical implementation
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GAZPROM has JI project
with Ruhrgas
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Submitted JI to NetherlandsÕ ERUPT 3 tender
program - Emission Reduction Unit Procurement Tender, turned down minus
letter of or approval from Russian Government,
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Early on GOV more
interested in sale of AAU -Assigned Amount Units, worried of influence of big
business
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INDIVIDUALS
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Yuri Izrael - Director
of Inst. Of Global Climate and Ecology of Roshydromet and vice Chair of IPCC,
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Climate skeptic,
declares warming of benefit to Russia
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Sept. 2003 - UN World
Climate Change Conference in Moscow, scientific decline,
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Andrei Illarionov -
economic advisor, most outspoken and powerful Kyoto critic
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1) unfairly
discriminates against Russia
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2) Hamper economic
growth
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3) Russian wonÕt be able
to sell AAUs
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4) Russia will need to
buy carbon credits
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Dec 2, 2003 Illarionov
asserts Russia would reject Kyoto
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Deputy Econ Minister,
Muhammed Tsikhanov on Dec. 3, 2003 contradicts Illarionov
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Illarionov
Compares Kyoto Protocol to Fascism Sept. 9, 2004) MosNEWs
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Rus Acad of Sci
- Divided
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2003 250 member
of RAS signed NGO petition in favor of Kyoto
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Public believe
warming real, skeptical it is human induced
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Public more
concerned with other issues domestic rather than intÕl
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Russian Orthodox
Church & WWF Russia prioritize environment but of little influence
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Media
increasingly govÕt controlled, raises doubts about ratification, perhaps
upping the stakes on ratification
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