¥Climate change impacts may be positive for high
Latitude Russia
¥Extent of anthropogenic climate change is (very)
uncertain
¥Revenues from ratification and compliance are
likely to be low
¥Costs would be too high for domestic
compliance
¥Kyoto Protocol unfair because not all countries
have taken on emission (reduction)
commitments
¥Second phase or post-2012 GHG limits could
conflict with RussiaÕs ambitious economic growth goals
¥US withdrawal, makes Kyoto Protocol nearly
pointless
¥Kyoto Protocol is at best ineffective and more
radical approaches are necessary