BENEFIT-COST Comparison
Selection Criteria:

Pareto optimal or Pareto improvement: very conservative, criterion requires that in any public investment no one is worse off and at least someone is better off.

Net welfare improvement: merely requires that total (present value) benefits exceed total (present value) costs.  Total improvement of gainers outweighs the combined setback of the losers, or that B/C ratio >1.

Pareto improvement is a non-starter, while net welfare improvement RARELY actually makes the losers WHOLE except in theory.