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INVENTORY OF LCA Inventory DATA SOURCES

[ Design for Environment ] [ Life Cycle Assessment ] [ Industrial Ecology ] [ Materials Flow Analysis ]

This inventory includes only publicly available information sources (databases, qualitative sources, and computer models) suitable for Life Cycle Assessment and Materials Flow Analysis. If you have any suggestions for additions or modifications, please contact Joyce Cooper at cooperjs@u.washington.edu

Databases

Database Title	Process, Facility, Sector, or Material-Based	Applicability	Categories of Sectors, Facilities, or Unit Processes	Specific Sectors, Facilities, Unit Processes or Materials Captured	Inputs and Outputs Included
AIRS - Aerometric Information Retrieval System	Facility	Materials Acqu. & Process, Construct. & Manuf., Energy, Transport	Industrial, agricultural, and transportation sources	Examples of facilities (sources) include electric power plants, steel mills, factories, and universities.	Captures Output Products, Captures Output Wastes (Air emission factors presented per unit of output)
Alternative Fuels Data Center	Materials	Energy, Transport	Vehicle fuels	Biodiesel, Electric Fuel, Ethanol, Hydrogen, Methanol, Natural Gas (CNG/LNG), Propane (LPG), P-Series, Solar Fuel	Captures Input Energy, Captures Input Materials or Land Use, Captures Output Products, Captures Output Wastes (Air emission factors presented per unit of output)
Annual Energy Outlook	Process and Sector	Energy, Transport	Industrial and other energy use	Residential, Commercial, Industrial, Transportation, Delivered Energy Consumption for all sectors, Electric Generators.	Captures Input Energy, Captures Output Products (energy), Captures Output Wastes
Biennial Reporting System (BRS)	Facilities	End-of-Life	Treatment, Storage, and Disposal facilities		Captures Output Wastes
Energy Analysis of 108 Industrial Processes	Processes	Materials Acqu. & Process, Construct. & Manuf., Energy	Mining, construction, manufacturing, energy production	Meat Packing, Fluid Milk, Canned Fruits and Vegetables, Fruit and Vegetable Juices, Wet Corn Milling, Bread Baking, Cakes and Pies Baking, Cane Sugar Refining, Beet Sugar Refining, Soybean Oil Mills, Malt Beverages, Weaving Mills, Finishing Mills, Logging Camps, Sawmills and Planning Mills, Wood Products, NEC (Fiberboard), Pulp Mills, Paper Board Mills, Corrugated, Solid Fiber Boxes, Building Paper, Alkalies and Chlorine, Inorganic Gases, Inorganic Pigments, Industrial Inorganic Chemicals, Plastic Materials and Resins, Synthetic Rubbers, Cellulosic Man-made Fibers, Organic Fibers, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Cyclic Crudes and Intermediates, Industrial Organic Chemicals, Fertilizers, Chemical Preparations, Petroleum Refining, Paving Mixtures and Blocks, Tires and Inner Tubes, Fabricated Rubber Products, Miscellaneous Plastic Products, Glass, Cement, Brick and Structural Clay Tile, Lime, Gypsum Products, Mineral Wool, Blast Furnaces and Steel Mills, Electrometallurgical Products, Gray Iron Foundries, Primary Copper, Primary Aluminum, Secondary Non-ferrous Metals, Aluminum Finish Forming, Iron and Steel Forging, Farm Machinery and Equipment, Construction Machinery, Motor Vehicles and Car Bodies, Motor Vehicles Parts and Acces., Photographic Film, Photographic Equipment	Energy flows
Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database (E-Grid)	Process and Facility	Energy	Energy production	All US sources-- air emissions and kW production by technology type	Captures Output Products, Captures Output Wastes (Air emissions)
Envirofacts	Process, Facility, Sector, and Material	Materials Acqu. & Process, Agriculture, Construct. & Manuf., Use, End-of-Life, Energy, Transport	Industrial and waste treatment processes		Captures Output Products (some), Captures Output Wastes
IDEMAT	Materials	Materials Acqu. & Process, Construct. & Manuf., End-of-Life			Provides Process Flow Diagrams, Captures Input Materials or Land Use
National Water Use Information Program by USGS Water Resources Division	Sector	Materials Acqu. & Process, Agriculture, Construct. & Manuf., Use, Energy	Industrial, agricultural, commercial, residential, utilities		Captures Input Materials or Land Use (surface and ground water use), Captures Output Wastes (recycling)
Toxics Release Inventory	Facility	Construct. & Manuf.	Manufacturing and government facilities		Captures Input Materials or Land Use, Captures Output Products (annual ratio), Captures Output Wastes
US Economic Census	Facility	Materials Acqu. & Process, Construct. & Manuf.	Mining, construction and manufacturing	The Mining sector of the 1997 Economic Census covers all mining establishments of companies with one or more paid employees. Mining is defined as the extraction of naturally occurring mineral solids, such as coal and ores; liquid minerals, such as petroleum; and gases, such as natural gas. The term mining is used in the broad sense to include quarrying, well operations, beneficiating (e.g., crushing, screening, washing, and floatation), and other preparations customarily performed at the mine site or as part of the mining activities (http://www.census.gov/prod/www /abs/97ecmini.html). The construction reports below includes new construction work, additions, alterations, and repairs. Establishments identified as construction management firms are also included. The construction sector is divided into three types of activity or subsectors. The subsectors are the Building, Developing, and General Contracting, Heavy Construction, and Special Trade Contractors. The area reports for the construction industries contain state and regional level data (http://www.census.gov/prod/www /abs/97ecmani.html). Establishments in the manufacturing sector are often described as plants, factories, or mills and typically use power-driven machines and materials-handling equipment. Also included in the manufacturing sector are some establishments that make products by hand, like custom tailors and the makers of custom draperies; some establishments like bakeries and candy stores that make products on the premises may be included (http://www.census.gov/prod/www /abs/97ecmani.html)	Captures Input Energy, Captures Input Materials or Land Use, Captures Output Products
Annual and Monthly Energy Reviews	Process and Sector	Energy, Transport	Industrial and other energy use	Energy Production by Source, Energy Consumption by Source, Energy Consumption by End-Use Sector: household and motor vehicles, Energy Resources: Crude Oil and Natural Gas Field Counts; Production, Reserves, Recovery of Oil and Gas, Liquid and Gaseous Hydrocarbon, Uranium, and petroleum	Captures Input Energy, Captures Output Products, Captures Output Wastes
Annual Estimates of Global Anthropogenic Methane Emissions	Sector	Agriculture, End-of-Life, Energy	Energy, agricultural, and waste storage	Flaring and Venting of Natural Gas, Oil and Gas Supply Systems, Excluding Flaring, Coal Mining, Biomass Burning, Livestock Farming, Rice Farming and Related Activities, Landfills	Captures Output Wastes (methane to air)
Atmospheric emission factors for Europe (CORINAIR)	Process	Construct. & Manuf.	Industrial sources	Industrial combustion plant and processes with combustion; Combustion in boilers, gas; turbines and stationary engines; Combustion plants ³ 300 MW; Combustion plants ³ 50 MW and < 300 MW; Combustion plants < 50 MW; Gas turbines; Stationary engines; Process furnaces without contact(1); Refinery processes furnaces; Coke oven furnaces; Blast furnaces cowpers; Plaster furnaces; Processes with contact (2);Sinter plant; Reheating furnaces steel and iron; Gray iron foundries; Primary lead production; Primary zinc production; Primary copper production; Secondary lead production; Secondary zinc production; Secondary copper production; Secondary aluminium production; Cement; Lime (including iron and steel and paper pulp industries); Asphalt concrete plants; Flat glass; Mineral wool (except binding); Bricks and tiles; Fine ceramic materials; Paper-mill industry (drying process); Alumina production	Captures Output Wastes (air emission factors)
Chief Clearinghouse for Inventories and Emission Factors by EPA	Process and Facility	Materials Acqu. & Process, Agriculture, Construct. & Manuf., Use, End-of-Life, Energy, Transport	Industrial, agricultural, and transportation sources		Captures Output Products, Captures Output Wastes (Air emission factors presented per unit of output)
Database of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions BY DOE Energy Information Administration	Sector and Materials	Materials Acqu. & Process, Construct. & Manuf., Use, Energy, Transport	Industrial, commercial, residential, transportation, and utilities	Petroleum, coal, geothermal, natural gas, cement production, natural gas, gas flaring, kerosine, jet fuels, transportation (highway vehicles, air transport, vessels), forest fires, LPG, and much more	Captures Output Wastes (greenhouse gases)
Life Cycle Management of Municipal Solid Waste	Process	End-of-Life	Municipal solid waste management	Collection; Materials Recovery Facility; Energy Model; Transportation; Transfer Stations; Combustion; Compost; Remanufacturing	Provides a Description of Unit Processes, Provides Process Flow Diagrams, Captures Input Energy, Captures Input Materials or Land Use, Captures Output Products, Captures Output Wastes
The UK Emission Factors Database	Process	Materials Acqu. & Process, Agriculture, Construct. & Manuf., Use, End-of-Life, Energy, Transport	Industrial, agricultural, transportation, and services (hospitals) sources	Mobile Sources: Road Traffic, 'Cold start' emissions, 'Hot soak' emissions, Rail Traffic, Airports, Ships. Area Sources: Emissions from large numbers that are of low significance of small emitters (i.e. domestic gas boilers) or from other identifiable areas (i.e. farm land or landfill sites) are agglomerated together, by type, on the basis of which national grid square they fall in. Point Sources: Many of the emissions to the atmosphere resulting from industrial processes and the combustion of fossil fuels are not uniformly spread across urban areas but concentrated at particular points. These point sources include central heating plants serving large groups of buildings, such as hospitals, and boiler plants supplying process heat to industry. They also include industrial processes which require authorisation under the Environmental Protection Act 1990.	Captures Output Products, Captures Output Wastes (Air emission factors presented per unit of output)
Agricultural Chemical Usage Statistics	Materials	Agriculture	Agriculture	By crop type and by pesticide.	Captures Input Materials or Land Use (pesticide use)
Census of Agriculture	Facility and Sector	Materials Acqu. & Process, Agriculture, Construct. & Manuf., Use, End-of-Life, Energy, Transport	Agriculture, pasture, forest, transportation, defense and industrial areas		Captures Input Materials or Land Use (land use)
Month and State Current Emissions Trends by DOE Argonne National Laboratory	Processes	Construct. & Manuf.,Energy, Transport	Electric utilities, industrial fuel combustion, commercial/residential fuel combustion, industrial processes, transportation, and miscellaneous.		Captures Output Wastes (nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and nonmethane VOCs)
National Coastal Pollutant Discharge Inventory	Facility	Materials Acqu. & Process, Agriculture, Construct. & Manuf., Use	Industrial and agricultural emission sources		Captures Output Wastes (water emissions)
Natural Resources Inventory	Sector	Materials Acqu. & Process, Agriculture, Construct. & Manuf., Use, End-of-Life, Energy, Transport	Federal and non-federal lands including agriculture, pasture, forest, etc.		Captures Input Materials or Land Use
Recycling Data Management Corporation	Materials	End-of-Life	Industrial and other materials		Captures Input Materials or Land Use, Captures Output Products
Renewable Electric Plant Information System (RePIS)	Processes and Facilities	Energy	Electric plants	Geothermal Plants, Hydro Plants, Landfill Methane Plants, Photovoltaic Plants, Solar Thermal Plants, Waste to Energy Plants, Wind Plants, Wood and Ag Waste Plants	Captures Output Products (energy)
Renewable Resource Data Center (RReDC)	Sector	Energy	Energy efficiency and renewable energy		Provides a Description of Unit Processes, Captures Input Energy, Captures Input Materials or Land Use, Captures Output Products, Captures Output Wastes

Unit Process Descriptions (primarily qualitative information sources)

Document Title	Process, Facility, Sector, or Material-Based	Applicability	Categories of Sectors, Facilities, or Unit Processes	Specific Sectors, Facilities, Unit Processes or Materials Captured	Inputs and Outputs Included
Engineered materials abstracts	Processes and Materials	Materials Acqu. & Process, Agriculture, Construct. & Manuf., Use, End-of-Life, Energy, Transport	Industry, utilities, agriculture, services, etc.		Provides a Description of Unit Processes, Captures Input Energy, Captures Input Materials or Land Use, Captures Output Products, Captures Output Wastes
Kirk-Othmer encyclopedia of chemical technology	Process, Materials	Materials Acqu. & Process, Construct. & Manuf., End-of-Life, Energy, Transport	Chemical processes	Areas of chemical technology that will deal with industrial products, natural materials, and processes in such fields as: agricultural chemicals, chemical engineering, coatings and inks, composite materials, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, dyes, pigments and brighteners, ecology and industrial hygiene, energy conservation and technology, fats and waxes, fermentation and enzyme technology, fibers, textiles and leather, food and animal nutrition, fossil fuels and derivatives, glass, ceramics and cement, industrial inorganic chemicals, industrial organic chemicals, metals, metallurgy and metal alloys, plastics and elastomers, semiconductors and electronic materials, surfactants, detergents and emulsion technology, water supply, purification and reuse, wood, paper, and industrial carbohydrates. Also includes miscellaneous topics: instrumentation and quality control, information retrieval, maintenance, market research, material allocation and supply, legal issues, process development and design, product development and technical service, research and operations management (systems management, networks, etc.), and transportation of chemical products.	Provides a Description of Unit Processes, Provides Process Flow Diagrams, Captures Input Energy, Captures Input Materials or Land Use, Captures Output Products, Captures Output Wastes
Long Term World Oil Supply (A Resource Base/Production Path Analysis)	Process	Energy	Oil production		Provides a Description of Unit Processes, Captures Output Products (oil)
Mineral Industry Survey	Materials	Materials Acqu. & Process	Minerals production		Captures Input Materials or Land Use, Captures Output Products, Captures Output Wastes (recycling)
Municipal Solid Waste Factbook	Facilities	End-of-Life	Household waste management practices		Provides a Description of Unit Processes
Municipal Waste Survey by the EPA Office of Solid Waste	Materials	End-of-Life	Municipalities		Captures Input Materials or Land Use (material into landfills and incineration), Captures Output Wastes (recycling)
Net Generation and Utility Retail Sales	Process	Energy	Energy production	Electric utilities: fossil fuels (primarily coal), nuclear, renewable resources.	Captures Output Products
Search US Patents	Processes and Materials	Materials Acqu. & Process, Agriculture, Construct. & Manuf., Use, End-of-Life, Energy, Transport	Industry, utilities, agriculture, services, etc.		Provides a Description of Unit Processes, Captures Input Energy, Captures Input Materials or Land Use, Captures Output Products, Captures Output Wastes
Sector Notebooks by EPA	Process	Materials Acqu. & Process, Agriculture, Construct. & Manuf., Energy	Manufacturing and agriculture	Agricultural Chemical, Pesticide and Fertilizer Industry (1999); Agricultural Crop Production Industry (1999); Agricultural Livestock Production Industry (1999); Aerospace Industry (1998); (new); Air Transportation Industry (1997); Dry Cleaning Industry (1995); Electronics and Computer Industry (1995); Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation Industry (1997); Ground Transportation Industry (1997); Inorganic Chemical Industry (1995); Iron and Steel Industry (1995); Lumber and Wood Products Industry (1995); Metal Casting Industry (1997); Metal Fabrication Industry (1995); Metal Mining Industry (1995); Motor Vehicle Assembly Industry (1995); Nonferrous Metals Industry (1995); Non-Fuel, Non-Metal Mining Industry (1995); Oil and Gas Extraction Industry (1999); (new); Organic Chemical Industry (1995); Petroleum Refining Industry (1995); Pharmaceutical Industry (1997); Plastic Resins and Man-made Fibers Industry (1997); Printing Industry (1995); Pulp and Paper Industry (1995); Rubber and Plastic Industry (1995); Shipbuilding and Repair Industry (1997); Stone, Clay, Glass and Concrete Industry (1995); Textiles Industry (1997); Transportation Equipment Cleaning Industry (1995); Water Transportation Industry (1997); Wood Furniture and Fixtures Industry (1995)	Provides a Description of Unit Processes, Provides Process Flow Diagrams, Captures Input Energy, Captures Input Materials or Land Use, Captures Output Products, Captures Output Wastes
Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry	Process, Materials	Materials Acqu. & Process, Construct. & Manuf., End-of-Life, Energy, Transport	Chemical processes	Over 800 articles written by 3000 experts, more than 10,000 tables, 20,000 figures, 16 million words - whatever way you look at it, Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry offers you a stupendous amount of information in industrial chemistry, process engineering, materials science, environmental chemistry, food science and biotechnology.	Provides a Description of Unit Processes, Provides Process Flow Diagrams, Captures Input Energy, Captures Input Materials or Land Use, Captures Output Products, Captures Output Wastes

Computer Models

Model Title	Process, Facility, Sector, or Material-Based	Applicability	Categories of Sectors, Facilities, or Unit Processes	Specific Sectors, Facilities, Unit Processes or Materials Captured	Inputs and Outputs Included
MARKAL	Process and Materials	End-of-Life	Waste management systems	Recycling, incineration, disposal (landfill?)	Provides a Description of Unit Processes, Captures Input Energy, Captures Input Materials or Land Use, Captures Output Products, Captures Output Wastes
Software and Tools within Chief Clearinghouse for Inventories and Emission Factors by EPA	Process and Facility	Materials Acqu. & Process, Agriculture, Construct. & Manuf., Use, End-of-Life, Energy, Transport	Industrial, agricultural, and transportation sources		Captures Output Products, Captures Output Wastes (Air emission factors presented per unit of output)
The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Useing Transportation (GREET) Model	Process	Energy, Transport	Transportation and fuel cycle emissions	Gasoline vehicles: Federal reformulated gasoline, California reformulated gasoline, E10; CIDI vehicles: diesel; Compressed natural gas vehicles: bi-fuel, dedicated fuel; Dedicated liquefied petroleum gas vehicles; Flexible-fuel vehicles: E85, M85; Electric vehicles; Grid-connected HEVs: California reformulated gasoline; Grid-independent HEVs: Federal reformulated gasoline, diesel SI vehicles: Dedicated compressed natural gas, dedicated liquefied natural gas, dedicated liquefied petroleum gas, dedicated E90, dedicated M90; SIDI vehicles: Federal reformulated gasoline, California reformulated gasoline, E90, M90; CIDI vehicles: Reformulated diesel, dimethyl ether, Fischer-Tropsch diesel, biodiesel; Grid-independent HEVs: Federal reformulated gasoline, compressed natural gas, liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, E90, M90, reformulated diesel, dimethyl ether, Fischer-Tropsch diesel, biodiesel; Grid-connected HEVs: California reformulated gasoline, compressed natural gas, liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, E90, M90, reformulated diesel, dimethyl ether, Fischer-Tropsch diesel, biodiesel; Electric vehicles; Fuel-cell vehicles: Hydrogen, methanol, gasoline, ethanol, compressed natural gas	Captures Input Energy, Captures Input Materials or Land Use, Captures Output Products, Captures Output Wastes
Vehicle and Engine Emission Modeling Software	Process	Transport	Transportation		Captures Output Products, Captures Output Wastes (Air emission factors presented per unit of output)