This Lab has two parts:
(1) We will begin with the description of vapor pressure of an ideal solution according to Raoult's law. Both non-volatile and volatile solutes will be studied. (Oxtoby, Ch 6, section 5)
(2) Then we will describe the process of distillation. We will begin with the Pressure - Composition diagram of an ideal binary solution. Both the liquid and vapor compositions will be diagramed on the same plot (Oxtoby, Figure 6-14). Then we will construct a Temperature - Composition diagram of an ideal binary solution. (Oxtoby, Figure 6-15). This will require a quantitative relationship between pressure and temperature. Accordingly, we will introduce the Claussius - Clapeyron equation and show how it accounts for the vapor pressure of a liquid as a function of temperature. (Oxtoby Figure 5-15). Once we have this diagram we can use it to understand both simple and fractional distillation.
(3) To prepare for this lab you should read Oxtoby, Chapter 6-5, paying special attention to the figures cited above.
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