In the first part of this lecture we describe intermolecular forces in liquids, with particular emphasis on how hydrogen bonds influence the structure of water.
In the second part of this lecture we describe the phenomenon of equilibrium between phases. This is demonstrated with a computer animation. We are particularly interested in the equilibrium between the gas and liquid phase. We show that the Clausius - Clapeyron equation provides a useful model of this phenomenon. This equation also can be used to describe the equilibrium between the solid and gas phase. For the solid/liquid equilibrium, we must use the Clausius equation.
To prepare for this lecture, we suggest that you read sections 5-3 and 5-4 of Oxtoby.
Click here to receive a copy of this lecture.(Ready)
Click here to receive a copy of the computer simulation of phase equilibria.(Note that this is PC program, only. You download it and double click it to run.) (Ready)
Click here to receive a copy of the instructions for running atomdemo.exe.(Note that this is a Word file.) (Ready)