In the first part of this lecture we will describe how Dalton's law accounts for the total pressure of a gas as a sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases.
In the second part of this lecture, we will describe how the macroscopic ideal gas law can be derived considering the random motions of the individual gas molecules and their collisions with the walls of the container. This will lead to a microscopic definition of the temperature and to a description of the distribution of molecular speeds.
To prepare for this lecture, we suggest that you read sections 4-4 and 4-5 of Oxtoby.
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