In this Laboratory you will study the equilibrium between solid borax, sodium tetraborate decahydrate, and its soluble constituent ions, sodium and tetraborate as a function of temperature. The solubility constant, Ksp, will be determined by titration of the dissolved tetraborate ion with a standard acid solution. By taking samples at various temperatures under equilibrium conditions you obtain Ksp as a function of temperature. Then you will use equation 9-10 of Oxtoby to derive the DHo and DSo of the reaction. You will use the method of least squares to fit the theory of equation 9-10 to the data, deriving the best values of DHo and DSo together with estimates of their uncertainty.
To prepare for this lab, we suggest that you read the lab manual very carefully before coming to class. Also, please read the following sections in Oxtoby: 9-1 and 9-5, and 11-4.
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